浙江省2022年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解板塊限時練（三）訓(xùn)練.閱讀理解AKatherine Schreiber and Leslie Sim are experts on exercise addiction who believe that tech advances encourage obsessive (強(qiáng)迫性的) goal monitoring. Schreiber and Sim dislike wearable tech.Wearable tech is a term that describes clothing and accessories (配件) with electronic puter­based functions. Schreiber and Sim were particularly critical of watches and trackers that present wearers with instantly updated fitness records. Many of these devices either give you goals or ask you to set your own. Reach the goal, and the device emits a beep (發(fā)出嘟嘟聲). Ive watched friends and family members respond to that beep, and its hard not to think of Pavlovs dog with Pavlovs dog, associating the sound of a bell with the smell of food caused the dog to drool (流口水) when the bell rang.Schreiber and Sim both recognized that smartwatches and fitness trackers have probably encouraged people who arent very active to exercise more consistently. But as experts in addiction, they were convinced the devices were also quite dangerous. Schreiber explained that “focusing on numbers divorces you from being in tune with your body. Exercising bees mindless, which is the goal of addiction.”Numbers pave the road to obsession. “When it es to exercise, everything can be measured，” Sim says. “How many calories you burn; how many laps you run; how fast you go. And if you went, say, two miles yesterday, you dont want to go less than that today. It bees fairly pulsive.” Many of Sims patients experience this constant need to check in. A ten­year­old boy who visited her clinic in Minneapolis was known for being a fast runner, and he was very proud of his speed. His biggest concern was that he might slow down, so he constantly checked his speed by moving all the time. “He would drive his parents crazy. When they visited Minneapolis for their evaluation, he kept the entire hotel awake at night. They were getting plaints because he was running around his room.”Most people bee obsessive when theyre focusing on numbers. Even if youre tired, and feel you need to rest, youll continue walking or running till you reach your arbitrary numerical goal.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。專家指出，使用健身追蹤器容易導(dǎo)致運動成癮癥。1What is Schreiber and Sims attitude towards wearable fitness trackers?ADisapproving. BFavorable.CDoubtful. DCurious.解析：選A觀點態(tài)度題。由第一段末的“Schreiber and Sim dislike wearable tech.”及第二段中的“Schreiber and Sim were particularly critical of watches and trackers that present wearers with instantly updated fitness records.”可知，這兩位專家反對使用可穿戴式健身追蹤器。2Which kind of people act like Pavlovs dog?AThose who have pet dogs.BThose who do exercise regularly.CThose who pursue their goals in life.DThose who use wearable fitness devices.解析：選D推理判斷題。由第二段中的最后兩句話可知，那些使用可穿戴式健身追蹤器的人在聽到達(dá)到目標(biāo)后設(shè)備發(fā)出的嘟嘟聲時的反應(yīng)讓人想起蘇聯(lián)生理學(xué)家和實驗心理學(xué)家巴甫洛夫的狗。這只狗經(jīng)訓(xùn)練后一聽到鈴聲就以為美食到了，因此會流口水。據(jù)此推斷，那些使用可穿戴式健身追蹤器的人的行為就像巴甫洛夫的狗。3How did the ten­year­old boy drive his parents mad?AHe was addicted to running.BHe couldnt run fast enough.CHe kept plaining about them.DHe paid little attention to his studies.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“His biggest concern . moving all the time.”及“he kept the entire hotel awake . running around his room”可知，這個男孩跑步成癮導(dǎo)致他的父母抓狂。BFor the past three summers, Jenny Howard has worked on Seal Island, Maine. Howard, who holds a bachelors degree in arts and biology with an environmental science concentration from Kenyon College in Ohio, is the supervisor (主管) for Project Puffin, a seabird restoration project. She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season.The puffin with a colorful beak (喙) is often referred to as a “sea parrot”. They were hunted more than 150 years ago for food and feathers and disappeared from Seal Island, once home to the largest puffin habitat in Maine. Dr. Steve Kress, founder of Project Puffin, reintroduced the puffin to the island 40 years ago.From mid­May to mid­August, crews live in tents that are on top of 8­foot­wide wooden platforms, overlooking a rocky beach. “You get really close to people really fast because youre spending all your time with them，” Howard said.The crew brings only what they can carry on their backs when they travel to the island: clothes, books, and food. Theres no refrigeration on the island, and with the exception of two solar­powered lights, theres no electricity either. Food and fresh water are delivered every 10 days by a local.The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin. It offers more protection than the tents and is where most of the research and data entry are done. Its also a safe place for the crew to cook and stay warm.For Howard, the best part of a day spent on the island is getting to play with the birds. “You see a baby chick, and you cant help but smile，” Howard said. “Its a pletely different style of life from the average person, but I just love the work, and I love waking up and getting excited about what Im going to do.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Jenny Howard是“海鸚項目”的主管，為了觀察和保護(hù)海鸚的繁殖，她和志愿者們一起住在海豹島上，過著簡單而快樂的生活。4What does Howard do on Seal Island?AShe protects puffins from hunting.BShe helps Dr. Kress with his research.CShe helps puffins with their productivity.DShe studies for an environmental science degree.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season.”可知，Howard住在海豹島上是為了觀察和保護(hù)海鸚繁殖，以使其數(shù)量不斷增加。5What does the underlined word “people” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe hunters.BThe locals.CThe puffins. DThe volunteers.解析：選D詞義猜測題。結(jié)合第一段中的“She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds”和第三段中的“crews live in tents that are on top of 8­foot­wide wooden platforms”可知，Howard和志愿者們一起住在狹小的帳篷里，很快就互相了解了。 6How are the working conditions on Seal Island?APoor. BSafe.CFlexible. DSatisfying.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容和第五段中的“The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin.”可以推知，島上的生活和工作條件都很艱苦。7What would be the best title for the text?ADo what you likeBRare seabirds on Seal IslandCLiving simply to help save puffinsDReintroducing puffins to Seal Island解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了Jenny Howard和她的同伴們住在海豹島上保護(hù)海鸚的故事，故C項作標(biāo)題最能概括文章主旨。CThe other day, my sister and I were sitting in a restaurant, trying to have a conversation, but her children, four­year­old Willow and seven­year­old Luca, would not stop fighting. The arguments over a fork, or who had more water in a glass never stopped.Then my sister reached into her handbag, produced two shiny iPads (蘋果平板電腦), and handed one to each child. Suddenly, the two were quiet. They sat playing games and watching videos, and we continued with our conversation.After our meal, as my sister stuffed the iPads back into her bag, she said，“I dont want to give them the iPads at the dinner table, but if they keep them occupied for an hour so we can eat in peace, I often just hand them over. Im afraid its bad for them. I do worry that it makes them think its OK to use electronics at the dinner table in the future.”Dr. Gary Small, director of the Longevity Center at the University of California, Los Angeles says that the brain is highly sensitive to stimuli (刺激物), like iPads and smartphone screens, and if people spend too much time on one technology, and less time interacting (互動) with people like parents at the dinner table, that could prevent the development of certain munication skills.“Conversations with each other are the way children learn to have conversations with themselves, and learn how to be alone，” said Sherry Turkle, a professor of science, technology and society at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She fears that children who do not learn real interactions, which often have imperfections, will e to know a world where perfect, shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy (親密) without risk. However, they need to be able to gather themselves and know who they are. So someday they can form a relationship with another person without a panic of being alone. “If you dont teach your children to be alone, theyll only know how to be lonely，” she said.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。用iPad讓孩子們安靜下來似乎很有效，但是這樣做對嗎？8What did Willow and Luca fight about?AiPads. BLittle things.CDelicious food. DInteresting things.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“The arguments over a fork, or who had more water in a glass never stopped.”可以看出，Willow和Luca為一些小事爭吵。9According to Dr. Small, what should parents do?AProvide their children with various technologies.BTeach their children munication skills.CTalk to their children at the dinner table.DLimit their childrens screen time.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“if people spend too much time on one technology . prevent the development of certain munication skills”可知，長時間使用電子設(shè)備有礙于孩子們一些溝通技能的發(fā)展，因此家長應(yīng)該限制孩子使用這些設(shè)備的時間。10What is Sherry Turkle worried?AChildren are afraid of taking risks.BChildren try to escape from the real world.CChildren cant live without electronic devices.DChildren cant deal with panion­less situations.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“She fears that children who . a false sense of intimacy (親密) without risk.”可知，Sherry Turkle擔(dān)心孩子們習(xí)慣了電子設(shè)備的陪伴，認(rèn)為真正的人際交往也是如此，隨時隨地有人陪伴，因此他們會受不了孤單。.閱讀七選五When hiring managers post jobs, they get more applications than they want to go through._11_ Avoiding these mon job application mistakes will help keep your application out of the garbage._12_The instructions are very important.Failing to follow instructions will get your application thrown away because it shows the hiring manager that you lack attention to detail.Ignore the required attachments (附件)When a job posting requires more than an application form, the organization is telling you that they will use these additional materials to make the decision._13_ Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments.Apply for a job you are obviously overqualified for.Someone with 20 years of experience in academic research who applies for a technician (技術(shù)員) position can obviously perform the tasks; however, this person is almost certainly a bad hire._14_Leave the reader confused.Often hiring managers want a clear picture of what each candidate will bring to the job. _15_ Be as brief as possible while giving a thorough explanation of why you would be good for the job.AWork out the details carefully.BUsing too many long or rare words will bore readers.CPay no attention to instructions on the application form.DThis person would find the position boring and leave soon.EThey try to sort out people who are unlikely to be successful in the job.FApplying for a job you are unqualified for wastes your time and the employers time.GIf you ignore these materials, the hiring manager is missing information to pare you with other applicants.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。當(dāng)我們在申請工作時，我們的職位申請表如何才能不被招聘者丟到一邊？文章建議我們要避免一些不必要的錯誤。11選E根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容可知，招聘者要瀏覽很多的申請表，所以他們要努力淘汰一些他們認(rèn)為不能勝任該職位的申請人。12選C由本段的內(nèi)容可知，作者告誡我們一定要注意招聘廣告上的說明，如果不按照要求做的話，那招聘者會認(rèn)為你不注重細(xì)節(jié)。因此C項作為小標(biāo)題，告訴我們一個求職者會犯的錯誤：忽略申請表上的指示。13選G根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容“Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments.”可知，如果你忽略了這些東西，招聘者就不能用這些信息來把你與其他人相比較，這樣就可能會因為相關(guān)附件的缺失而導(dǎo)致我們的申請表被扔到一邊。14選D根據(jù)前文可知，對于一個能力大于實際職位需要的人來說，他們有可能會在工作之后不久就會感到無聊而離職，因此這也不是一個成功的招聘。15選B根據(jù)空后的“Be as brief as possible”可知，此處建議我們要言簡意賅，否則會讓招聘者感到無聊，不想再繼續(xù)看下去。