考點八并列句和狀語從句限時25分鐘一、單句語法填空1Sometimes it's hard to accept the truth _ the lie sounds so much better答案：because句意：有時候事實真相很難被接受，因為謊言往往要順耳多了。此處表示原因，故填because。2_ noted otherwise, these brochures are free of charge答案：Unless句意：除非另外標注，否則這些小冊子都是免費的。根據(jù)語意可知，用unless。本題也是一個省略句，相當于Unless these brochures are noted 。3She was such a proud person that she would die _ she would admit she was wrong答案：before句意：她是個如此驕傲的人以至于她寧愿死也不愿承認她是錯的。這里用before，翻譯成“寧可也不愿”，常與will或would連用。4I think John will make a good monitor, _ I'd like to vote for him答案：so句意：我認為約翰會成為一個好班長，所以我想選他。前后句是因果關系，故填so。5My mother is always warning me when I go out, “Don't get off the bus _ it is running”答案：while句意：我出去的時候，媽媽總是警告我：“不要在車還在走的時候下車?！?此處while意為“當?shù)臅r候”。 6I had hardly rung the bell _ the door was opened suddenly, and my son rushed out to greet me 答案：when句意：我剛一(幾乎還沒有)按門鈴，門突然就被打開了，我兒子就沖出來迎接我。hardly/scarcely when，表示“一就，剛剛就”。7I won't lend you my car _ you promise you will not drive after drinking答案：unless句意：我不會把我的車借給你，除非你保證不會酒后開車。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“除非”，因此用unless。8He had to sell his luxury car, _ his company was in debt答案：for句意：他不得不賣掉自己的豪車，因為他的公司負債了。for “因為”。根據(jù)句意可知這里表示原因，且為補充說明。9Kate, run a bit faster, _ you can catch up with all of your classmates答案：and句意：凱特，再跑快一點兒，你就能夠趕上你所有的同學了。本句是“祈使句連詞陳述句”結構。and表順承關系，故填and。10_ the movie star has always been the focus of much media attention, he tries to lead a normal life答案：While/Though/Although句意：雖然這個影星一直是媒體關注的焦點，但是他試圖過一種正常的生活。根據(jù)題意可知，前后分句是讓步關系， 故填While/Though/Although。11You should try to get a good night sleep, _ much work you have to do答案：however句意：無論你有多少工作要做，你應該盡力保證有充足的睡眠。however/no matter how可以引導讓步狀語從句，結構是：however/no matter howadj/adv主語謂語。12When you read the book, you'd better make a mark _ you have any question答案：where句意：當你讀這本書的時候，你最好在你有問題的地方做好標記。where此處引導地點狀語從句。13Relax yourself every day, _ you'll be too tired to get good grades答案：or本句是“祈使句連詞陳述句”結構。or表示轉折關系，意為“否則”， 故填or。14_ students decide which college to go to, they should research the admission procedures答案：Once句意：一旦決定了要上哪所大學，學生們應該去查詢學校的錄取程序。once “一旦”。根據(jù)句意可知，前后分句之間是條件關系，故填Once。15Mr White had no sooner finished the speech _ the students started cheering答案：than句意：懷特老師一完成報告同學們就歡呼起來。hardly whenno sooner thanscarcely when “一就”。16Jim said he was ill, _ I saw him in the street just now答案：yet/but句意：吉姆說他生病了，然而/但是我剛才在大街上看到了他。yet “然而”，but “但是”，都表轉折關系，連接句子。17Leave it with me _ I will see what I can do with it答案：and句意：把它交給我吧，我看看能怎么處理?！捌硎咕鋋nd陳述句”是固定句式。18It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ we've actually had that lesson答案：until句意：對我們來說，從生活中吸取經(jīng)驗教訓很難，直到我們真正經(jīng)歷過那次教訓。until在此為連詞，意為“直到為止”，符合句意。19_ the worker has limited technical knowledge, he has a lot of experience答案：Though/Although/While句意：盡管技術知識有限，但是這位工人卻有豐富的經(jīng)驗。though/although/while “雖然；盡管”。20How much did he charge you for repairing your iPhone?I don't remember, _ it was quite a lot答案：but句意：他修你的蘋果手機要了你多少錢？我不記得了，但要了很多錢。設空處前后兩個分句之間是轉折關系，故用并列連詞but。21You may use the room as you like as long _ you clean it up afterwards答案：as句意：你可以隨意使用這間屋子，只要你在用完之后把它打掃干凈。 as long as “只要”。22Don't drive so fast _ you'll have an accident答案：or句意：不要開得那么快，否則會出車禍的?！捌硎咕鋋nd/or陳述句”為固定句式。此處表示轉折，故填or。23Peter was so excited _ he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing答案：when句意：當彼得收到朋友請他去重慶的邀請信時非常激動。句中when引導時間狀語從句。24He got up early so _ he could catch the first bus答案：that句意：他起得很早，目的是趕上早班車。so that引導目的狀語從句。25Only _ a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the room答案：if句意：只有老師允許，學生才能離開教室。only if位于句首，后跟狀語從句時，主句用部分倒裝。26_ you believe it or not, it is real答案：Whether句意：不管你相信與否，那都是真的。whether or “不管還是”。27_ you say, he won't believe you答案：Whatever句意：無論你說什么，他都不會相信你。whatever引導讓步狀語從句并在從句中作賓語。28It's been five years _ he left答案：since“It is/has been一段時間since ”句式意為“自從以來已經(jīng)多長時間了”。29You must do the work _ you are told答案：as句意：你必須按照被告知的那樣來做這個工作。as在句中引導方式狀語從句。30Neither can I speak French _ can I write it答案：nor句意：我既不會說法語也不會寫。neither nor “既不也不”，表并列關系。二、單句改錯1A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity before he reaches the end of the story_答案：beforeuntil句意：一個好的講故事的人必須能抓住聽眾的好奇心，直到他講完這個故事為止。主句的謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞，且主句為肯定句，應用until，意為“直到為止”。2As young men, we should learn to stand up when we fall in our life _答案：whenwhere句意：作為年輕人，在生活中我們應該學會從我們跌倒的地方站起來。此處用where引導地點狀語從句。3I don't mind where I live unless there is my favorite job _答案：unlessif句意：如果有我喜歡的工作，我不介意在哪兒生活。if引導條件狀語從句。unlessif not。4Clever although he is, he doesn't study well_答案：althoughas/though本句中有一個讓步狀語從句，句型應該是“名詞/副詞/動詞/形容詞/過去分詞as/though 主語be其他成分?！?I felt that it would be a victory for us even we lost the game_答案：even后加if/though句意： 我認為即使我們比賽輸了，對于我們來說也是一個勝利。根據(jù)語意，添加if或者though。6Any measure of ad's performance is entirely pointless when it could be viewed by a person _答案：whenunless句意：如果一個廣告沒有人看，廣告的任何表現(xiàn)形式都是完全沒有意義的。根據(jù)語境，強調(diào)條件，而不是時間，故when改為unless。7Find more chances to praise your children often, otherwise you'll find they are willing to communicate with you _答案：otherwiseand句意：多找機會經(jīng)常表揚你的孩子，那么你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們愿意和你交流。根據(jù)前面的祈使句和語境可知，此處是順承關系，故將otherwise改為and。 8With time goes by, the little boy is becoming stronger and stronger_答案：WithAs或goesgoing句意：隨著時光的流逝，這名小男孩變得越來越強壯。as “隨著”，在此為連詞，指前后兩種動作同時發(fā)生；with “隨著”，為介詞。9It won't matter even he refuses_答案：even后加if/though句意：即使他拒絕了也沒關系。even if/though “即使”。10Next time that I plan to travel in London, I'm going to take a plane_答案：去掉that或thatwhennext time可視為連詞，也可以視為時間狀語。11Though the work was difficult, but we managed to finish it in time_答案：去掉but在although和though引導的讓步狀語從句后，主句里不可用but。12She said to me, “I'll tell you the result of the test at the moment I know it”_答案：去掉atthe moment為連詞，意思是“一就”，相當于as soon as。類似用法的詞還有：the minute/instant；instantly/immediately/directly等。13Much since I like all the books, I can't afford to buy them_答案：sinceas/though當as表示“雖然，盡管”時，其引導的讓步狀語從句應用倒裝語序。即將讓步狀語從句中作表語的名詞或形容詞、作狀語的副詞、作謂語的實義動詞提前。though也有此用法。14Jim is so a good boy that everyone likes him _答案：sosuchsuch a/anadj名詞that; soadja/an名詞that “如此以至于”，that引導結果狀語從句，故so改為such。15I am about to leave while there is a knock on the door_答案：whilewhen句意：我正要離開的時候，突然傳來了敲門聲。be about to do sth when “正要做某事突然發(fā)生了另一件事情”。并列句并列句由兩個或兩個以上的簡單句構成。在并列句中，這些簡單句常由并列連詞連在一起。并列連詞所連接的簡單句被稱為分句。并列連詞主要表示并列、選擇、轉折、因果等關系。一、表示并列關系的連詞表示并列關系的連詞有and, both and , not but , not only but also, neither nor , either or 等。I came here in 2001, and I have lived here ever sinceNot_only do they offer you joy and excitement, but_also encourage you to think critically二、表示選擇關系的連詞表示選擇關系的連詞有or, either or 等。Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema三、表示轉折關系的連詞表示轉折關系的連詞有but, yet等。It's an old car, but it's very reliable四、表示因果關系的連詞表示因果關系的連詞有for, so等。It must have rained last night, for it is wet all overHe got up late, so he didn't catch the early bus五、when也可用作并列連詞，其意義為“這時，那時”，相當于and at this/that time常用于下列句式：Sbwas/were doing sthwhen Sbwas/were about to/going to do/on the point of doing sthwhen Sbhad just done sth when。We were having lunch when the doorbell rangThey were about to set off when it began to rain六、while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對比 He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music七、“祈使句and/or/or else陳述句”固定句式Study hard and you will succeedFollow your doctor's advice, or your cough will get worse限時25分鐘一、單句語法填空1(2018·北京高考)_ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone答案：If句意：如果我們不阻止氣候變化，世界上的很多動植物將會消失。if引導條件狀語從句，主句表明造成的后果。 2(2018·天津高考)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so _ they get sweet enough to be eaten答案：that句意：讓我們這個周末再摘桃子，這樣的話，它們吃起來就變得足夠的甜。從句為目的狀語從句，故用so that引導。3(2018·江蘇高考)_ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights答案：Unless句意：除非你睡得好，否則一兩個晚上之后，你會失去專注、計劃和保持動力的能力。4(2018·浙江高考)I was performing this action of waiting _ it later became a habit答案：until句意：我繼續(xù)這種拖延，直到它成了一種習慣。根據(jù)句意填until。5(2018·福建龍巖質(zhì)檢)But for now, they all have to postpone their plans _ the winter storms pass答案：until/till句意：但是現(xiàn)在他們都得把他們的計劃推遲到冬季風暴結束時才能實施。根據(jù)句意可知設空處填till或until。6(2018·四川成都外國語學校月考)I came to a crossroads with a traffic light I was alone on the road then, but _ I drove up to the light, it turned red, and I braked to a halt答案：as/when句意：我來到了一個有交通信號燈的十字路口。當時我獨自在公路上，但是當我開車到信號燈處時，它變紅了，我踩剎車停了下來。設空處引導時間狀語從句，表示“當?shù)臅r候”，故填as或when。7(2016·北京高考)I am not afraid of tomorrow, _ I have seen yesterday and I love today答案：for句意：我不害怕明天，因為我見證了昨天，熱愛今天。語境表示因果關系，故用并列連詞for，說明原因。8(2018·安徽高中聯(lián)考)Many colleges have club sports available _ to meet a special interest or fill a gap where an inter­collegiate (校際的) team is not available答案：either句意：許多大學設有俱樂部體育運動或是為了滿足特別的興趣需要，或是為了彌補沒有校際聯(lián)隊的缺陷。根據(jù)對句子中or前后意思的分析可知，“either or ”說明大學里進行俱樂部體育運動的兩個作用。9(2016·全國卷)Over time, _ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly答案：as/when句意：經(jīng)過一段時間，隨著人口的增長(當人口增長時)，人們開始把食物切成小塊，這樣熟得更快。as/when引導時間狀語從句。10(2018·陜西咸陽二模)Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a baby's cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them _ we are parents or not答案：whether句意：研究人員在他們的實驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)，嬰兒啼哭能夠引起頭腦中獨特的情感反應，使得我們不可能忽略他們，無論我們是不是父母。whether or 可用來引導讓步狀語從句，意為“無論還是”。11(2019·湖南邵陽二次聯(lián)考)In fact, the discontent things are not useless _ you may learn more from them than from the things that cheer you up答案：since/because句意：事實上，令人不滿意的東西不是沒有用途，因為與那些使你高興的東西相比，它們可能會使你學到更多。此處應用連詞引導原因狀語從句。12(2016·四川高考)_ it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats答案：When/If句意：當它哭的時候/如果它哭，她來回搖晃它并且輕拍安慰它。此處可用when來引導時間狀語從句，或用if引導條件狀語從句。13(2018·全國卷)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, _ we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation答案：but句意：把閑談看作不重要的事情是很容易的，但是我們不要忘了如果沒有閑談的話，密切的關系也不會存在。前后表示轉折關系，因此使用but。14(2018·黃岡中學5月適應性考試)And _ trade begins, the benefits are hard to resist答案：once句意：一旦貿(mào)易開始，利潤就很難抵抗了。此處表示“一旦”，故填once，引導狀語從句。15(2018·山東煙臺高三質(zhì)檢)Sometimes tests are needed _ doctors discover exactly what's wrong with your body答案：before句意：有時在醫(yī)生確切地發(fā)現(xiàn)你的身體出了什么問題之前做檢查是必要的。根據(jù)前后句的關系，我們可以判斷出檢查應在醫(yī)生診斷之前，故填before。16(2018·天津高考)Next time you take a walk, no matter _ it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations答案：where句意：下一次你散步的時候，無論在哪兒，欣賞所有的風景、聲音和感覺。no matter where引導讓步狀語從句。17(2019·陜西省部分學校摸底檢測)I looked at the key more closely _ I realized it was a car key答案：and句意：我更仔細地看看這把鑰匙，然后意識到它是一把汽車鑰匙。此處表順承，故用and連接兩個句子。18(2018·天津高考)_ you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room答案：Whenever句意：無論什么時間你搬到一個新地區(qū)，你應該查找火警自動警報器和你房間最近的兩個出口的位置。此處表示“無論什么時候”，因此使用whenever引導讓步狀語從句。19(2018·浙江高考)_ his regular job was boring, I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full­time答案：Since句意：因為他的全職工作令人厭煩，我問他為什么不把副業(yè)當成全職來做。此處表示“原因”，故填Since，引導原因狀語從句。20(2018·江蘇高考)From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, _ they continue to rise in many regions答案：and句意：從2004年到2013年，農(nóng)業(yè)土地的價值增加了一倍，并且在很多區(qū)域它們的價值在繼續(xù)上漲。根據(jù)語境，表示并列關系，故填and。 21(2018·全國卷)I jumped at the idea of taking the class _， after all, who doesn't want to save a few dollars?答案：because句意：我迫不及待地想去上這門選修課，因為畢竟誰不想省幾個錢呢？此處表示原因，故使用because引導原因狀語從句。22(2018·陜西渭南模擬)Allow children space to voice their opinions even _ they are different from yours答案：if/though句意：即使孩子們的觀點與你的不同，也要給孩子們表達他們觀點的自由空間。even if/though “即使”，引導讓步狀語從句。23(2018·遼寧質(zhì)檢)The medicine works more effectively _ you drink some hot water after taking it 答案：if句意：如果吃藥后再喝點熱水，藥物的效果會更好。此處if引導條件狀語從句。24(2019·廣西南寧測試)You have to move out of the way _ the truck cannot get past you答案：or句意：你得讓讓路，不然卡車過不去。根據(jù)句子結構和句意可知，空格處應用or，意為“否則，不然”。25(2018·山東威海模擬)Thank you for your advice, _ this is something I have to figure out myself答案：but句意：謝謝您的建議，但這是只有我自己才能解決的事情。根據(jù)句意及“have to figure out myself”可知，此處表示轉折，所以填but。26(2018·山東威海期中)My partner wants to keep the company small _ I'd like to expand it答案：while句意：我的合伙人想讓公司保持小規(guī)模，而我卻想擴大它?？崭袂昂髢蓚€分句之間是對比關系，應該用while連接，意為“而，然而”。27(2019·濟南外國語學校高三月考)He had me stop and repeat the procedure two or three more times _ I grasped it 答案：until/till句意：他讓我停下來并且重復了兩三次這個過程，直到我掌握了它。根據(jù)句意，可知填until或者till。28(2019·江西上饒高三檢測)After 40 years of reform and opening­up, China still has a long way to go _ it becomes a “developed economy”答案：before句意：經(jīng)過40年的改革開放，中國在成為“發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體”之前還有很長的路要走。故填before。29(2018·江蘇高考)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e­mailing each other, _ we will have developed more convenient electronic communication tools by then答案：for句意：很有可能到2025年我們不再互發(fā)郵件，因為那時我們將已經(jīng)研發(fā)出更加便利的電子通訊工具。for是并列連詞，表示原因。30(2018·甘肅會寧聯(lián)考)One can always manage to do more things, no matter _ full one's schedule is in life答案：how句意：無論一個人的生活日程有多么滿，他總能設法做更多的事情?！皀o matter疑問詞”引導讓步狀語從句，no matter how “無論多么”。二、單句改錯1(2018·全國卷)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed_答案：butand“我計劃每兩年回鄉(xiāng)下一次”與“我父親同意了”是并列關系，不表示轉折，故將but改為and。2(2018·全國卷)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life_答案：wherewhen根據(jù)后面的“I was a child”可知，“當我還是一個孩子的時候”，是一個時間狀語從句，故將where改為when。3(2018·全國卷)I didn't realize how right my parents were when I entered high school_答案：whenuntil句意：我直到進入高中才意識到我的父母是多么地正確。not until “直到才”。4(2018·全國卷)Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep after you are very excited_答案：afterwhen句意：鍛煉使你獲得能量，因此當你興奮的時候，很難放松并且獲得一個安靜的睡眠。when “當時”。5(2018·人大附中高三考前熱身)However you choose to do with your summer, try something new!_答案：HoweverWhatever句意：夏天無論你選擇做什么，嘗試新鮮事物吧！do后面缺賓語，故用whatever，而however后跟形容詞或副詞。6(2016·全國卷)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area_答案：去掉but句意：餐館雖然不大，卻在我們這個區(qū)域很受歡迎。 though不和but連用，因though位于句首，故去掉but。7(2018·江西省八校聯(lián)考)My little brother is very smart that he is second to none in my hometown_答案：veryso句意：我的小弟弟如此聰明以至于他在我的家鄉(xiāng)首屈一指。so that 引導結果狀語從句。8(2016·四川高考)Mom has a full­time job, so she has to do most of the housework_答案：sobut句意：媽媽做全職工作，但是她得干大部分家務活。前后句之間為轉折關系，故應用but連接。9(2018·安徽合肥八中段考)Unfortunately I won't be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon_答案：althoughbecause/as句意：不幸的是，我不能去機場接你，因為我下午有課。根據(jù)句意可知，前后兩個句子之間是因果關系。10(2019·洛陽統(tǒng)考)She kept on turning back to see me unless we couldn't see each other any longer_答案：unlessuntil/tilluntil/till “直到”，引導時間狀語從句。11(2018·沈陽模擬)She did not speak to anyone but nobody spoke to her_答案：butand兩個分句間為順承的并列關系，故將but改為and。12(2018·全國卷)After I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch_答案：AfterBefore句意：我還沒有意識到這一點，一個小時已經(jīng)過去了，并且到了去吃午飯的時間了。13(2018·南昌模擬)One day, I was cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang_答案：aswhenbe doing sthwhen “正在做某事這時”。14(2018·全國卷)We love Mexican churros, but I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant_答案：butso句意：我們喜歡墨西哥小油條，因此我們通過電話從當?shù)氐哪鞲缤赓u餐館中購買它們。空格前后是因果關系，而不是轉折關系，故將but改為so。15(2018·拉薩模擬)It isn't very cold, but you needn't bring many clothes with you_答案：butso由語境可知，前后兩句為前因后果的關系，故用so連接。狀語從句一、時間狀語從句1when, while和aswhen引導的從句的謂語動詞既可是延續(xù)性動詞，也可是非延續(xù)性動詞；while引導的從句的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性的，側重主句動作和從句動作相對比；as引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性動詞，有“隨著”之意，多用于主從句動作同時發(fā)生。 When/While my mother was cleaning the room, I was reading a novelThe students took notes as they listened2as soon as, immediately, directly, the moment, the minute, no sooner than, hardly/scarcely when等引導時間狀語從句時，常譯為“一就”。I'll call you as_soon_as I arrive in Shanghai3before和sincebefore常譯為“在之前；還未來得及就；多久之后才”，句式為“It was/will be時間段before ”；since “自從”，句式為“It is/has been時間段since ”。 You'd better write the phrases down before you forget themIt's_been ten years since we came here4until和till主句為肯定句時，主句謂語用延續(xù)性動詞，指動作一直持續(xù)到從句謂語動作發(fā)生，意為“直到”；主句為否定句時，主句謂語用短暫性動詞，指動作直到從句謂語動作發(fā)生時才開始，意為“直到才”。I waited for him until school was overThe boy didn't go to bed until his mother came back注意：名詞(短語)each time, every time, next time, the first time等也可用作連詞，引導時間狀語從句。二、原因狀語從句原因狀語從句一般用because, as, since等來引導。because語氣最強，表示必然的因果關系，用來回答why的提問。since語氣稍弱，表示對方已經(jīng)知曉的原因或事實，意為“既然；因為；由于”。as語氣最弱，從句說明原因，主句說明結果，主從并重。它表示的原因是雙方已知的事實或顯而易見的原因。He didn't go to school because he was illSince it is late, I shall go home nowAs he wasn't there, we left a message三、結果狀語從句結果狀語從句用so that ，such that, so that引導。 It was such delicious food that they ate it up The teacher spoke loud so_that everybody heard him四、目的狀語從句目的狀語從句用so that, in order that, in case, for fear that引導，從句謂語常含有may, might, can, could, will, would等情態(tài)動詞。We turned on the light so_that we could see clearly what it wasLily didn't want to get out of bed for_fear_that she might wake her baby up五、讓步狀語從句1讓步狀語從句一般用(al)though, as, while, even though/if, no matter疑問詞，疑問詞­ever引導。 Though he had a cold, he still worked in h