會計學1高中英語必修三高中英語必修三Unit 主語從句主語從句第1頁/共72頁 名詞性從句名詞性從句 noun clause 主語從句主語從句subject clause 賓語從句賓語從句object clauseobject clause表語從句表語從句predicative clausepredicative clause 同位語從句同位語從句appositive clauseappositive clause第2頁/共72頁名詞性從句中的名詞性從句中的連接詞連接詞連詞連詞: that / whether / as if (though);連接代詞連接代詞: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞連接副詞: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever第3頁/共72頁判斷下列劃線句子是哪種名詞性從句。判斷下列劃線句子是哪種名詞性從句。1.I dont know whether he will come or not.2.The question is whether he will come or not.3.Whether he will come or not is unknown.第4頁/共72頁3.Whether he will come or not is unknown.1.I dont know whether he will come or not.2.The question is whether he will come or not.賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句 主語從句主語從句第5頁/共72頁 主語從句主語從句 Subject Clause第6頁/共72頁Which part serves as subject in each sentence? 1. You are a student.2. Smoking is bad for you.3. To find your way can be a problem. 4. “How do you do?” is a greeting.5 .What she said is not yet known.6. That we shall be late is certain.7. It is certain that we shall be late.第7頁/共72頁第8頁/共72頁Step 2Step 2、主語從句概念定義：、主語從句概念定義： 充當主語的名詞性從句，因其在復充當主語的名詞性從句，因其在復合句中做主語，又稱主語從句。合句中做主語，又稱主語從句。 第9頁/共72頁先找出謂語，主語在第二個謂語前面先找出謂語，主語在第二個謂語前面第10頁/共72頁 1.引導詞：引導詞： 從屬連詞從屬連詞 that, whether； 連接代詞連接代詞 who, what, which； whoever, whatever, whichever; 連接副詞連接副詞 when, where, how和和why。 2. 語序：語序：陳述句語序陳述句語序主語從句的特點：主語從句的特點：第11頁/共72頁1) 從屬連詞從屬連詞that和和whether： That he will come is certain. Whether he will come is uncertain.thatthat是否是否引導詞引導詞第12頁/共72頁2) 連接代詞連接代詞who, what, which（做成分（做成分）1. makes no difference. 誰去沒什么不同。（主語）誰去沒什么不同。（主語）2. is more time.（我（我們所需要的是更多的時間。）（們所需要的是更多的時間。）（賓語）賓語）3. hasnt been decided. （定語）（定語） 我應買哪一本書還沒有決定。我應買哪一本書還沒有決定。Who will goWhat we needWhich book I should buy第13頁/共72頁引導詞引導詞 3)連接代詞連接代詞whoever（無論誰）（無論誰）, whatever, （無論什么）（無論什么）whichever（無（無論哪一個）論哪一個）1. comes is welcome.2. I have is yours. 3. you want is yours. whatever=anything that whoever=anyone whoWhoeverWhateverWhichever第14頁/共72頁Whatever and whoeverWhatever anything thatWhoever anyone who不管是誰犯了法，他都應該受到懲罰。不管是誰犯了法，他都應該受到懲罰。Whoever breaks the law should be punished。Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.第15頁/共72頁4) 連接副詞連接副詞when, where, how ,why 1. （我們什么時候離開（我們什么時候離開）hasnt been decided. 2. (他怎么到那的）他怎么到那的） is a secret. 3. (他為什么哭）他為什么哭）is not clear. 4. （會議將在哪里舉行（會議將在哪里舉行） will be held is not known. When we will leaveHow he got thereWhere the meetingWhy he cried第16頁/共72頁Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when， who, why, how or that.1.(_ is needed for success) is your hard work.3.(_ we will go tomorrow )hasnt been decided yet.2.(_ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.4.(_ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.5.(_ it will rain or not) is not clear.WhatWhen/HowWhere/wh etherWhoWhether主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。一般用單數形式。Conclusion:第17頁/共72頁Step3.第18頁/共72頁Step3.思考思考That he will pass the exam is certain.It is certain that he will pass the exam. 注解：一般來說主語從句都是放在注解：一般來說主語從句都是放在 ,但有時為了使句子但有時為了使句子 ,避免避免”頭重腳輕頭重腳輕”,常用常用 作作 ，從而把主語從句放在，從而把主語從句放在 句首句首保持平衡保持平衡 it 形式主語形式主語后后面面主語從句一直位于句首的位置嗎？主語從句一直位于句首的位置嗎？他一定會通過考試的他一定會通過考試的.第19頁/共72頁這樣就構成了下面一些常用句型這樣就構成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +that It is a pity/shame that. 可惜的是可惜的是 It is a surprise that 令人吃驚的是令人吃驚的是 It is a fact that 事實是事實是 It is common knowledge that 是常識是常識 *_(很可惜很可惜)we lost the match.*_(這是事實這是事實)he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that第20頁/共72頁2) It is + adj. +that Its certain that 肯定肯定 It is possible/likely that. 很可能很可能 It is obvious/clear that 很明顯很明顯 It is true that的確的確 It is necessary important natural. that*_(很可能很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明顯很明顯) he is an English.It is possible thatIt is obvious that+(should) +do第21頁/共72頁3) It +不及物動詞不及物動詞+that It happened that. 碰巧碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起我突然想起 It appears/seems that 似乎，好像似乎，好像 It turned out that 原來原來*_(剛好剛好)I was out yesterday.*_(我突然想起我突然想起)I forgot to sent the letter.It happened thatIt occurred to me that第22頁/共72頁4) It + be +過去分詞過去分詞+從句從句 It is said that. 據說據說 It is known to all that. 眾所周知眾所周知 It is reported that. 據報道據報道 It is believed that. 據相信據相信 ;人們相信人們相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建議建議*_(據報道據報道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建議建議)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that第23頁/共72頁小結：小結：第24頁/共72頁規(guī)律一、規(guī)律一、主語從句一律用陳述語序，主語從句一律用陳述語序， 即主語在前，謂語在后。即主語在前，謂語在后。正：When he will come is not known.第25頁/共72頁正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.規(guī)律二、規(guī)律二、連詞that 在從句中無實際意義， 但不能省略。第26頁/共72頁正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.規(guī)律三、規(guī)律三、whether 可以引導主語從句，可以引導主語從句， 放在句首，但放在句首，但if不能不能第27頁/共72頁正：That he will help others is a fact.規(guī)律四、規(guī)律四、主語從句中的連詞不能重疊使用。主語從句中的連詞不能重疊使用。第28頁/共72頁正：When he will come is a puzzle.規(guī)律五、規(guī)律五、含主語從句的主句謂語動詞多用含主語從句的主句謂語動詞多用 單數第三人稱形式。單數第三人稱形式。第29頁/共72頁規(guī)律六、規(guī)律六、what 引導的主語從句，可根據引導的主語從句，可根據 表語決定主句動詞的單復數形式表語決定主句動詞的單復數形式。第30頁/共72頁It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.第31頁/共72頁 he became a great scientist is known to us all.Is what you told me really true?謂語動詞多用謂語動詞多用單數單數從句用陳述語從句用陳述語序序不能省略關聯詞不能省略關聯詞How第32頁/共72頁在主語從句中，謂語一般用單數。在主語從句中，謂語一般用單數。1 1、無論他說什么都不重要。、無論他說什么都不重要。Whatever he says is of no importance.2 2、無論誰說這話都不對。、無論誰說這話都不對。 Whoever says this is wrong 但謂語動詞用單數還是復數，不可一概而論但謂語動詞用單數還是復數，不可一概而論，而要視句子的意義而定。，而要視句子的意義而定。 What I need is money. What I need are books.第33頁/共72頁1.主語從句位于句首時必須由連接詞引導。2.主語從句位于句末時引導詞that可省略。3.主語從句位于句首時,不能用if引導。4.主語從句位于句末時, 可以用if引導。第34頁/共72頁we shallWhetherItThat you have第35頁/共72頁thatisxareare第36頁/共72頁注意注意:1）主語從句在句首時，必須由連接詞引）主語從句在句首時，必須由連接詞引導，不能省略這些連接詞；但是如果用導，不能省略這些連接詞；但是如果用it做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，從屬連詞從屬連詞that可以省略?？梢允÷?。誤：誤：They should like each other is natural.正：正：That they should like each other is natural.正：正：It is natural (that) they should like each other.第37頁/共72頁2) 如果主語從句放在句首，不能用如果主語從句放在句首，不能用if引導引導，但是如果用，但是如果用it 做形式主語，而把主語做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，也可以用從句放在句末時，也可以用if引導，引導，或把或把if 改為改為whether 誤：誤：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.正正: Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 第38頁/共72頁(1) 主語從句中用陳述語序主語從句中用陳述語序 What she is afraid of is their taking her to Paris. ( What is she afraid of Wrong )(2) 主語從句后謂語動詞一般用第三人稱單數主語從句后謂語動詞一般用第三人稱單數 （特殊情況見練習冊（特殊情況見練習冊P60） That they havent phoned is strange.(3)that引導的主語從句中，引導的主語從句中，that不可被省略不可被省略 That price will go up is certain.第39頁/共72頁4) . 用于用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that.句型中句型中, 主語從句應使用虛主語從句應使用虛擬語氣擬語氣, 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用“should + 動詞原形動詞原形”的形式的形式, should有時可以省略。有時可以省略。5) It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/ insisted/required 中中, that從句的謂語也應該從句的謂語也應該用用“should + 動詞原形動詞原形”的形式的形式, should有時有時可以省略?？梢允÷?。第40頁/共72頁Step4.第41頁/共72頁 1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. （與我無關）（與我無關）2. _ he said at the meeting surprised everyone.3. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.4. _ well go fishing tomorrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever第42頁/共72頁1.他是否是我的孩子仍然他是否是我的孩子仍然(remain)是是個問題。個問題。_ remains a question.Whether he is my child補全句子練習補全句子練習第43頁/共72頁 _is your hairstyle.2.我所最喜歡的是你我所最喜歡的是你的發(fā)型的發(fā)型(hairstyle)。What I like most 3.我需要的就是休息我需要的就是休息。_is rest.What I need第44頁/共72頁_ made the teacher angry.4.這個男這個男孩所做的孩所做的事讓老師事讓老師很生氣。很生氣。What the boy did第45頁/共72頁_ is attracted by her.5.無論誰無論誰見到見到這個女孩都會被這個女孩都會被她吸引（她吸引（attact）。）。Whoever sees the girl第46頁/共72頁練習練習:用主語從句翻譯下列句子。用主語從句翻譯下列句子。1. 他偷了一部自行車是真的。他偷了一部自行車是真的。2. 我現在需要的是你的幫助。我現在需要的是你的幫助。3. 他出生在何時還不知道。他出生在何時還不知道。4. 無論誰最后離開房間都應該關門。無論誰最后離開房間都應該關門。第47頁/共72頁答案答案:1. 他偷了一部自行車是真的。他偷了一部自行車是真的。That he stole a bike was true.2. 我現在需要的是你的幫助。我現在需要的是你的幫助。What I need now is your help.3. 他出生在何時還不知道。他出生在何時還不知道。When he was born has not been known. 4. 無論誰最后離開房間都應該關門。無論誰最后離開房間都應該關門。Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.第48頁/共72頁 the cat domade What the cat did made the baby cry.WhatcryMake a sentence30第49頁/共72頁talk aboutthe use of cell phone What they are talking about is the use of cell phone.Make a sentence30第50頁/共72頁report , get the highest points, match It is reported that Yao Ming got the highest points in the match.Make a sentence30第51頁/共72頁It makes the teacher angry that the child doesnt know the answer.teacher angryDont know the answerMake a sentence30第52頁/共72頁Exercises :1. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.WhoeverD2.It was he said disappointed me.A.what ;that B.that; that C.what;what D.that;whatA3. well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.WhereB4. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.A.What B. That C.The fact D.The matterA第53頁/共72頁5. was to return to school.A.That really interested him B.What really interested himC.Which really interested him D.That interest him reallyB6. makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.WhateverC7. your men have been on my land without permission.A.It seems that B.There seems to be C.That seems D.It seems forA8.It has always puzzled me the old man lied a red silk ribbon on the young tree.A.that B.why C.where D.whatB第54頁/共72頁11._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 12. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 13._ is known to us all that America is a developed country . A Which B As C What D It 第55頁/共72頁14. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C.is water D. that water to 15. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when16.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have第56頁/共72頁第57頁/共72頁第58頁/共72頁第59頁/共72頁第60頁/共72頁第61頁/共72頁CBCB第62頁/共72頁DCAD第63頁/共72頁CBDA第64頁/共72頁AAC第65頁/共72頁37. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when38.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have第66頁/共72頁ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever請用恰當的主語從句連詞填空請用恰當的主語從句連詞填空: What ,it ,that , whether, whoever第67頁/共72頁Correct or not?*When the meeting will be held havent been known yet. be held hasnt been known yet.Pay attention:主語從句的謂語用主語從句的謂語用單數單數形式形式 10第68頁/共72頁Correct or not?Whether we will. decided yet.Pay attention:放在名詞性從句放在名詞性從句句首句首，表示，表示“是否是否”，只能用，只能用whether, 不能用不能用if10第69頁/共72頁Correct or not?Pay attention:此主語從句此主語從句缺少成分缺少成分-賓語，賓語，故用作成分的故用作成分的what來引導，而不用來引導，而不用that。What she wants to know is.*That she wants to know is when the party will be held . 10第70頁/共72頁Correct or not?Pay attention:由由that引導的主語從句放在句引導的主語從句放在句首，首，that 不能省略不能省略。That he will give up*He will give up his job surprises all of us.10第71頁/共72頁