Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern heroPeriod 2Important Language Points整體設(shè)計從容說課This is the second teaching period of this unit. The teacher can first check the students homework and offer chances for the students to review what they learned during the first period.The emphasis of this period will be placed on the important new words, expressions and sentence patterns in the parts Warming up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending. In order to make the students understand these important points thoroughly, we can first get the students to understand their meanings in the context, then give some explanations about them, later offer some exercises to make the students master their usages. Some words and expressions, such as fight, advise, accept, continue, active, lose heart, in trouble, in prison, as a matter of fact, etc. are very useful and important. So are the sentence patterns “Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble? ”. . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ”“. . . we were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. ”, and so on. We ought to pay more attention to them and design special exercises.At the end of the class, the teacher can make the students do more exercises for consolidation. In doing so, they can learn, grasp and use these important language points well.教學(xué)重點1. Enable the students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions as fight, advise, accept, continue, active, lose heart, in trouble, in prison, as a matter of fact, etc.2. Get the students to master the patterns:“. . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ” and “. . . we were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. ”教學(xué)難點1. Let the students learn the usage of the word “advise”.2. Enable the students to master the usage of the pattern “. . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ” and understand some difficult and long sentences.教學(xué)方法1. Discussing, summarizing and practicing2. Cooperative learning教具準(zhǔn)備The multimedia and other normal teaching toolsKnowledge aims:1. Get the students to learn and grasp the important new words and expressions:heroqualitywillingactiverepublicfightpeacefulprison prisonerperiodlawadvisecontinuefeegoldyouthleaguestage voteposition accept violenceequallose heartin troubleworry aboutout of workYouth Leagueas a matter of factblow upput. . . in prison2. Get the students to learn the following useful sentence patterns:1)Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble?2)The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.3)As a matter of fact, I was worried about whether I would be out of work.4)The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.5). . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.6)The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people.Ability aims:1. Enable the students to use some useful words and expressions correctly.2. Enable the students to make sentences after the useful sentence patterns.Emotional aims:1. Stimulate the students interest in learning English.2. Develop the students spirit of cooperation and teamwork.教學(xué)過程設(shè)計方案（一）Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Ask some students to retell the reading passage Elias Story.Step 2 Reading and findingGet the students to read the reading passage again to underline all the new words and useful expressions or collocations in the passage.Collocations:a poor black worker, South Africa, a very difficult period of ones life, open a law firm, advise sb. on. . . , three kilometers away, pay the school fees, the bus fare, get a job, a gold mine, be worried about, out of work, one of the happiest days of ones life, the ANC Youth League, as soon as one could, have almost no rights at all, grow food, in fact, break the law, with violence, as a matter of fact, blow up, put. . . in prison, be happy to do. . . , realize ones dream Read them aloud and copy them down in the exercise book after class.Step 3 Discovering useful words and expressionsShow the following form on the screen and allow the students several minutes to finish them.1. Look at the reading passage again to find words and expressions that mean the same.Alternative expressionsWords and expressions from the textgroup of people organized for a special purposefeel hopelesslose ones jobbrave manin facthave some difficult problemsbe taken to prisonsome timebe ready tomoney paid for going to schooltell somebody what to dogo onalways doing new thingswhat people do in wara yellow metal for making a ringagree to takego against a lawquiet and calm2. Complete the following passage with some of the words or expressions above.When Elias lost his job and was_, his wife was very unhappy. She knew this meant he was_ when all she wanted was a_ life with enough money every month. She tried to_ him not to fight the government as she thought it was better to_ that in South Africa black people were not as important as white people. But he was willing to_ the fight and help Nelson Mandela with equal rights for black people. For a_ of time she felt helpless and_, but Elias encouraged her with stories of how good life would be when white and black people and played together.Explain the problems the students meet while checking the answers.Suggested answers:1.Alternative expressionsWords and expressions from the textgroup of people organized for a special purposeleaguefeel hopelesslose heartlose ones jobout of workbrave manheroin factas a matter of facthave some difficult problemsbe in troublebe taken to prisonbe put in prisonsome timeperiodbe ready towillingmoney paid for going to schoolschool feestell somebody what to doadvisego oncontinuealways doing new thingsactivewhat people do in warfighta yellow metal for making a ringgoldagree to takeacceptgo against a lawbreak the lawquiet and calmpeaceful2:out of work; in trouble; peaceful; advise; accept; continue; period; lost heartStep 4 Language Points1. quality n. something typical of a person or material質(zhì)量（不可數(shù)）；品質(zhì)，性質(zhì)（可數(shù)）；才能（可數(shù)）Quality is more than quantity.質(zhì)量比數(shù)量重要。This new model is of high quality and is not expensive either.這種新型號質(zhì)量非常好, 而且也不貴。2. willing adj. ready (to do sth. )愿意幫助的；樂于的Are you willing to help?你愿意幫忙嗎？Im willing to concede that I have hurt her, but thats not my real intention.我可以承認(rèn)我是傷害了她, 但那并不是我的本意。3. active adj. able or ready to take action 積極的；能起作用的He is an active member of the club.他是俱樂部的積極分子。She is very active in school activities.她積極參加學(xué)校的各種活動。4. lose heart v. to become discouraged; to feel hopeless灰心；泄氣；喪失信心Dont lose heart; you still have more chances.別灰心，你還有更多的機會。lose ones heart to愛上, 喜歡at heart從內(nèi)心來說heart and soul全心全意break ones heart心碎put ones heart into把全部心思放在learn/know by heart記熟5. in trouble in a situation that involves danger, punishment, pain, worry, etc. 有麻煩；處于困境中The boy caused a lot of trouble to his parents; he was always in trouble.這個男孩給他的父母招來很多麻煩，他甚為苦惱。ask for/look for trouble找麻煩make trouble制造麻煩take trouble to do sth. 費心做某事get into trouble遇到麻煩have trouble (in)doing sth. 做某事有困難save/spare trouble省事Complete the following sentences.1)He never comes except when he is_ (有麻煩).2)Dont imagine that youre the only person_ (不幸).3)The boy_ (出事了)when he left home to live in London.4)Thats none of your business. Please dont_ (找麻煩)5)Students growing up from nursery school to college_ (有困難)dealing with realities.答案：1)in trouble2)in trouble3)got into trouble4)ask for/look for trouble5)have trouble6. fight vi. & vt. (fought, fought)struggle打仗；戰(zhàn)斗；斗爭He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.他與他妻子總是在為由誰來照看孩子而吵架。The boxer has fought many opponents.這名拳擊手已與許多對手交鋒。fight+n. 與作戰(zhàn)/打架fight for為了而戰(zhàn)fight against與作戰(zhàn)/斗爭fight with與作戰(zhàn)；與并肩作戰(zhàn)fight about/over因而爭吵/打斗fight back反擊，還擊；克制，忍住fight a battle戰(zhàn)斗fight a fire救火fight ones way打/擠/殺出一條路Complete the following sentences.1)They told the workers to_ their rights.2)We will have to_ difficulties.3)If the enemy comes, well_.4)We had to_ through the crowded streets.答案：1)fight for2)fight against3)fight back4)fight our way7. in prison在獄中；在坐牢He was in prison for ten years.他在獄中待了10年/他坐了十年牢。go to prison入獄put/sb. in prison把某人投入監(jiān)獄send sb. to prison把某人投入監(jiān)獄throw sb. into prison把某人投入監(jiān)獄be taken/sent to prison被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄Note：以上短語prison前不帶冠詞，若表示在監(jiān)獄工作或去辦事則需加冠詞。8. advise vt. give advice to sb. ; recommend 勸告，忠告；建議The doctor advised (me to take)more exercise.醫(yī)生囑咐我多加鍛煉。She advises the government on economic affairs.她向政府提出經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的建議。We advised that they should start early/them to start early.我們建議他們及早開始。Can you advise (me)what to do next?你看（我）下一步怎么辦？advise+n. advise sb. to doadvise doing. . .advise sb. on sth.advise+wh-+to doadvise+that. . . (should)+do. . .1)We are often advised_ notes in class, but few do so.A. taking B. take C. to take D. took2)My sister advised me that I_ accept the job.A. would B. might C. could D. should3)The old man often advised the young workers on_ the machine and they learned quickly.A. to operate B. how operate C. how operating D. how to operate4)I advised_ until the right time but they wouldnt listen.A. to wait B. waiting C. waited D. on wait答案：1)C2)D3)D4)B9. continue vt. & vi. (cause sth. to)go or move further繼續(xù)；延續(xù)They decided to continue their research.他們決定繼續(xù)他們的研究。The fighting continued for a week.這場戰(zhàn)斗持續(xù)了一星期。After that they continued to fight for their equal rights.從那以后，他們繼續(xù)為爭取平等權(quán)利而斗爭。Anne continued setting down how she felt in her diary.安妮繼續(xù)在日記中記下她的感受。Although he is over 90, he_ very healthy.A. goes onB. keeps onC. carries onD. continues答案：D10. accept vt. take (sth. offered)willingly接受Tom accepted a present from his friend.湯姆接受了朋友的禮物。Please accept my apologies.請接受我的歉意。receive & accept:receive表示客觀上的收到，不涉及主觀上接受與否；accept表示主觀上愿意接受。Ive received a gift from him, but Im not going to accept it.我收到了他送的禮物，但是我不準(zhǔn)備接受。11. choose vt. (chose, chosen)pick out or select; decide選擇，挑選，選??；選定Who did you choose as the new member of the construction committee?你選誰當(dāng)建設(shè)委員會的新委員?After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop.過了一會兒，她選定了店里最貴重的一件衣服。She chose to study chemistry.她選擇了學(xué)化學(xué)。choose + n. 選中；選定choose from/between從選擇choose sb. as/for選某人當(dāng)choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 為某人選某物cannot choose. . . but to do. . . 只好做1)Some people say that they_ to live in the countryside.A. enjoy B. feel like C. choose D. dont2)No doubt her husband could have told her, but he didnt_.A. choose B. choose to C. choose from D. choose to do3)There are five pairs_, but Im at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosenB. to choose fromC. to chooseD. for choosing答案：1)C2)B3)BStep 5 Sentence focus1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次見到納爾遜·曼德拉的時候是在我一生中非常艱難的時期。句子中的when I first met Nelson Mandela是定語從句，修飾先行詞the time。I shall never forget the day when we first visited the beautiful island.我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了第一次參觀那美麗小島的日子。He came at a time when we were badly in need of help.正當(dāng)我們急需幫助的時候，他來了。2. The school where I studied only two years was three kilometers away. 我僅僅在那里讀了兩年的學(xué)校，有三千米遠(yuǎn)。句子中的where I studied only two years是定語從句，修飾先行詞the school。There can be few streets in London where you cannot buy books.在倫敦幾乎沒有哪條街是不能買到書的。The room where my grandfather once lived is not far from here.我祖父從前住的屋子離這兒不遠(yuǎn)。3. Sadly I did not have this passbook because I was not born there and I was worried about whether I would be out of work. 遺憾的是我沒有這個證件，因為我不是在那里出生的，我很擔(dān)心我會不會失業(yè)。這是一個并列復(fù)合句。第一分句中的because I was not born there是原因狀語從句；第二分句中的whether I would be out of work是賓語從句，作介詞about的賓語。短語be worried about的意思是“為憂慮/擔(dān)心/煩惱”。I have been worried about your health these days.這些天來，我一直在擔(dān)心你的健康。短語out of work的意思是“失業(yè)”。What can I do if I am out of work?我如果失業(yè)了該怎么辦呢？4. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。這是一個比較復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句。句子的主干是The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws；stopping our rights and progress為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾laws；until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all是時間狀語從句，其中where we have almost no rights at all是定語從句，修飾a stage。當(dāng)先行詞是stage, situation等詞時，定語從句常用where, when或in which來引導(dǎo)。At that time we had reached a stage where we had more black readers than white ones.那時候我們已到了黑人讀者比白人還要多的階段。Increasing poverty has led to a situation where the poorest openly admit that they cannot afford to have children.日益嚴(yán)重的貧困處境使得最為貧窮的人們只得公開承認(rèn)他們養(yǎng)不起孩子。另外，動詞see除了用來表示“看見”以外，還可表示“遇見”“會晤”“理解”“發(fā)覺”“經(jīng)歷”等。在本句中，它的意思是to be the time when (an event)happens; witness（某事）發(fā)生之時；目睹。This year sees the hundredth anniversary of the composers death. 今年是那位作曲家逝世一百周年。5. The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people. 他們在城里的住宅區(qū)都是由白人決定的。句子中的decided by white people是過去分詞短語作定語，修飾places，其語法功能相當(dāng)于定語從句which were decided by white people。The book given to him is an English grammar.給他的那本書是一本英語語法書。Your letter dated September 10 has been received.你9月10日發(fā)出的信已收到。6. . . . we were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. 我們被置于這樣一個境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實，要么我們跟政府作斗爭。句子中的in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government是定語從句，修飾position，關(guān)系代詞which用作介詞in的賓語。通常介詞既可以置于關(guān)系代詞前，也可以置于定語從句中。但是，who和that不用在介詞后面。The official to whom we applied for a visa was very kind.我們向他申請護(hù)照的那位官員非常友善。He was respected by the people with whom he worked/He was respected by the people (whom/that/who)he worked with.他受到與他一起工作的人的尊重。7. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed. . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 首先我們用和平的方式來破壞法律；而當(dāng)這種方式也得不到允許時，只有到這個時候我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。句子中的in a way which was peaceful 相當(dāng)于in a peaceful way，which was peaceful是定語從句；only then did we decide to answer violence with violence是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)only修飾副詞或其他狀語置于句首時，句子要部分倒裝。Only after the lesson did she discover that she had lost her handbag.下了課她才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己丟了手提包。Only recently have I thought of them.直到最近我才想起他們。Only when the war was over was he able to return home. 只有戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束，他才能回家。雖然only置于句首但所修飾的成分不是狀語時，句子就不用倒裝。Only some of the children seemed to have understood it.好像只有一部分孩子明白（這個道理）。Only then_how much damage had been caused.A. had she realizedB. she realizedC. did she realizeD. she had realized答案：C8. As a matter of fact, I do not like violence. . . but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.事實上，我并不喜歡暴力，但是在1963年的時候我?guī)退Я艘恍┱髽?。句子中的短語as a matter of fact相當(dāng)于in fact，意思是“事實上；實際上”，一般用作插入語；blow up意思是“爆炸；炸毀”。They often say they are too busy, but as a matter of a fact, they have enough free time. 他們常說太忙，而事實上，他們有足夠的時間。The bomb blew up. 炸彈爆炸了。They blew up the old bridge and then built a new one across the river.他們炸毀了那座舊橋，然后在河上建了座新橋。Step 6 WorkbookDo the exercises in Using words and expressions on Page 70.Step 7 ConsolidationShow the exercises on the screen or give out exercise papers.1. Translate the following phrases.1)愿意做某事2)在某方面活躍3)灰心；泄氣4)擔(dān)心；著急5)失業(yè)6)事實上7)炸毀；爆炸8)把某人關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄2. Translate the following sentences.1)我們將與村民們一起與污染作斗爭。2)爸爸建議我多讀英語報紙。3)別泄氣，你會成功的。4)我們應(yīng)盡力阻止這種事再次發(fā)生。5)我第一次聽這首歌就喜歡上了。6)只有那時，他才意識到自己錯了。7)她昨天沒來上學(xué)的原因是她病了。8)我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我見到曼德拉的那天。First get the students to do the exercises. Then the answers are given. The teacher can give them explanations where necessary.Suggested answers:1. 1)be willing to do. . . 2)be active in3)lose heart4)be worried about5)out of work6)as a matter of fact/in fact7)blow up8)put sb. in prison/throw sb. into prison/send sb. to prison2. 1)We will fight with the villagers against pollution.2)Father advised me to read more English newspapers.3)Dont lose heart, and you will succeed in time.4)We should try to stop such a thing (from)happening again.5)The first time I heard the song, I liked it.6)Only then did he realize that he was wrong.7)The reason for which/why he didnt come to school is that he was ill.8)I will never forget the day when I saw Mandela.Step 8 Homework1. Finish off the Workbook exercises. Write down Exercise 2 in the exercise book.2. Learn the new words and expressions by heart.設(shè)計方案（二）Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Ask some students to retell the reading passage Elias Story.Step 2 Reading and findingGet the students to read the reading passage again to underline all the new words and useful expressions in the passage.Step 3 Discovering useful words and expressionsDo the exercises in Discovering useful words and expressions on Pages 27-28.Explain the problems the students meet while checking the answers.Step 4 Language PointsExplain to the students some important new words and useful expressions and do some related exercises.Step 5 Sentence focusExplain to the students some difficult long sentences and the important language points in them.Step 6 WorkbookDo the exercises in Using words and expressions on Page 70.Step 7 ConsolidationDo some consolidation exercises.Step 8 Homework1. Finish off the Workbook exercises. Write down Exercise 2 in the exercise book.2. Learn the new words and expressions by heart.板書設(shè)計Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern heroImportant Language PointsAlternative expressionsWords and expressions from the textgroup of people organized for a special purposeleaguefeel hopelesslose heartlose ones jobout of workbrave manheroin factas a matter of facthave some difficult problemsbe in troublebe taken to prisonbe put in prisonsome timeperiodbe ready towillingmoney paid for going to schoolschool feestell somebody what to doadvisego oncontinuealways doing new thingsactivewhat people do in warfighta yellow metal for making a ringgoldagree to takeacceptgo against a lawbreak the lawquiet and calmpeaceful活動與探究 Work in groups. Make a research into the racial discrimination in South Africa. First, search for as much information as you can from the library or the Internet. Second, write out your research report and share with your partners.第 11 頁 共 11 頁