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1、Unit 4　Earthquakes Here are some tips to help you increase the chances of surviving. Make a home earthquake plan.Find a safe place in every room，such as a desk or a table，where you can find cover in an earthquake. For two-floor homes，get a proper-sized ladder to get out through a window if the

2、 stairs are damaged. Decide where your family will re-meet if you are separated. Decide on an out-of-town relative for family members to get in touch with(與某人取得聯系)． Attach things such as tall furniture and water heaters to the wall so that they will not be knocked over during an earthquake. Prepa

3、re an emergency kit(成套工具) for your home and a car that has food，water，clothing，flashlights，a radio and a first-aid (急救用的) kit in it. Know what to do when an earthquake starts.Drop，cover and hold on.Only move a few steps to a safe place for cover and stay there until the shaking stops.If you ar

4、e in a car，slow down and drive to somewhere away from trees and power lines.Stay in your car until the shaking stops. Practice for the real thing to help keep a clear head (保持頭腦清醒) when a real earthquake happens. 【詞海拾貝】 1．ladder n．梯子 2．attach v．把……固定 3．heater n．加熱器 4．emergency n．緊急情況 【問題思考】

5、 True (T)or False (F)： 1．The passage offers us five tips.(　　) 2．When an earthquake starts，you should speed up and drive to somewhere away from trees and power lines.(　　) 答案：1.F　2.F Ⅰ.重點單詞分類記 ★拼寫高頻單詞 1．________vi.爆裂；爆發(fā) n．突然破裂；爆發(fā) 2．________n．廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產 3．________vt.毀壞；破壞；消滅 4．_______

6、_n．&vt.援救；營救 5．________vt.使陷入困境 n．陷阱；困境 6．________vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏 7．________n．&vt.損失；損害 答案：1.burst　2.ruin　3.destroy　4.rescue　5.trap 6．bury　7.damage ★聯想拓展單詞 1．________n．民族；國家；國民→________adj.國家的，民族的 2．________adj.極度的→________adv.極其，非常 3．________n．損害；傷害→________adj.受傷的→________n．傷害；損害 4．________

7、n．幸存者；生還者；殘存物→________vt.&vi.幸存，生還，比……活得長→________n．幸存，生還 5．________adj.無用的；無效的；無益的→________adj.有用的 6．________n．休克；震驚；打擊vt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動→________adj.震驚的→________adj.令人震驚的 7．________vt.使驚嚇；嚇?！鷂_______adj.受驚的；受恐嚇的→________adj.令人恐懼的 8．________n．祝賀(pl.)賀詞→________vt.祝賀 9．________n．裁判員；法官vt.斷定；判斷；判決→

8、________n．判斷 10．________vt.表示；表達n.快車；速遞→________n．詞語；表示；表達 答案：1.nation　national　2.extreme　extremely 3．injure　injured　injury　4.survivor　survive　survival 5．useless　useful　6.shock　shocked　shocking 7．frighten　frightened　frightening 8．congratulation　congratulate　9.judge　judgment 10．express　express

9、ion ★識記閱讀單詞 1．earthquake n． ________________ 2．event n. ________________ 3．suffering n. ________________ 4．track n. ________________ 5．disaster n. ________________ 6．shelter n. ________________ 7．sincerely adv. ________________ 答案：1.地震　2.事件；大事　3.苦難；痛苦　4.軌道；足跡；痕跡　5.災難；災禍　6.掩蔽處；避身處；掩蔽

10、7．真誠地；真摯地 Ⅱ.重點短語快速記 1．________________立刻；馬上 2．________________以為……沒什么了不起 3．________________結束；終結 4．________________嚴重受損；破敗不堪 5．________________掘出；發(fā)現 6．________________許多；大量的 7．________________以……而自豪 8．________________從……判斷 9．________________陷入 10．________________埋頭于 11．________________仿佛

11、；好像 答案：1.right away　2.think little/nothing of　3.at an end 4．in ruins　5.dig out　6.a(great)number of 7．be proud of　8.judge from　9.be trapped in 10．be buried in　11.as if Ⅲ.經典句式應用記 1．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were __________(太緊張以至于不吃東西)．(too...to...太……以至于不能……) 2．It seeme

12、d_____________________(仿佛到了世界末日)！(as if引導的表語從句) 3．________________________(他們無論朝哪里看)nearly everything was destroyed.(everywhere引導的狀語從句) 4．_____________________(不是所有的希望都破滅了)．(all...not部分否定) 答案：1.too nervous to eat　2.as if the world was at an end 3．Everywhere they looked　4.All hope was not lost

13、 Ⅰ.Skimming for the main information Part 1(Para.1)________　 A．The damage and loss caused by the earthquake. Part 2(Para.2—3)________ B．The rescue work after the earthquake. Part 3(Para.4)________ C．Signs before the earthquake. 答案：Para.1—C　Para.2—A　Para.3—B Ⅱ.Scanning for detailed informa

14、tion 1．The title“A night the earth didn't sleep”means________． A．the earth was awake all night long B．an earthquake happened that night C．people on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night D．animals on the earth would not sleep that night 2．What does“them”in the sentence“No wind，however，could

15、 blow them away.”(in Paragraph 3)refer to? A．Red autumn leaves.　　 B．Sand in the wells. C．Bodies of dead animals. D．Bricks on the ground. 3．Who played the most important part in helping the people in the earthquake? A．The soldiers and the rescue workers. B．The college students. C．The miners in

16、the coal mines. D．The injured and the dead. 4．Which is NOT true according to the passage? A．People in Beijing felt the earthquake. B．People of Tangshan cared much about the strange events before the earthquake. C．If the earthquake had happened during the daytime，it wouldn't have caused so m

17、any deaths. D．Many soldiers helped to rescue the people who were trapped under the ruins. 5．What does the last sentence “Slowly，the city began to breathe again”mean? A．The tree turned green again. B．The animals began to breathe. C．The city returned to normal gradually. D．People who were trappe

18、d came to life. 答案：1.B　2.D　3.A　4.B　5.C Ⅲ.Intensive reading to finish the passage Before Tangshan earthquake，strange things happened and a 1.______ gas came out from the 2.______ of wells and animals became nervous.At 3：42 am，everything began to 3.______．The city turned into 4.______ in just fifte

19、en seconds.Many people，including workers and doctors，came to 5.______ those trapped under the ruins.Later that afternoon，another big quake 6.______ Tangshan，killing，injuring more people and making more buildings 7.______．Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers and teams 8.______ to dig ou

20、t the trapped and bury the dead.Workers built 9.______ for survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city.Slowly，the city began to 10.______ again. 答案：1.smelly　2.cracks　3.shake　4.ruins　5.rescue　6.struck　7.fall down　8.were organized　9.shelters 10．breathe Ⅳ.Analyze the following difficult sentences in

21、 the text 1．Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. [句式分析]　此句為復合句，which引導的定語從句修飾先行詞another big quake。 [嘗試翻譯]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2．But the one million people of the city，who thou

22、ght little of these events，were asleep as usual that night. [句式分析]　本句是一個主從復合句。who引導的是非限制性定語從句，people是先行詞，在從句中作主語。 [嘗試翻譯]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3．A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canal

23、s. [句式分析]　本句是一個主從復合句。that引導的是定語從句，crack是先行詞，在從句中作主語。 [嘗試翻譯]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 答案：1.接著，在下午晚些時候，強度幾乎和第一次一樣的地震又一次在唐山爆發(fā)了。 2．但是，這個城市的100萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當回事，那天晚上照常上床睡覺了。 3．一條8千米長、30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房屋、馬路和水道。 A級　基礎過關 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 在句中空白處填上適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的

24、正確形式。 1．Li Ping's brother is too young________(join)the army. 2．The storm________(ruin)the crops and the farmers lost their hope. 3．The hunter digged________the fox from the hole. 4．Everyone burst________ into conversation. 5．It is________(shock) that nothing was said. 6．________(judge)from th

25、e look of sky，it seems to be clear up. 7．The year is at________ end.The Spring Festival is on the way. 8．The number of the students standing outside________ (be)about twenty. 9．He doesn't speak English as________(fluent)as she. 10．A person ________ e-mail account is full won't be able to send or

26、 receive any e-mails. 答案：1.to join　2.ruined　3.out　4.out　5.shocking 6．Judging　7.an　8.is　9.fluently　10.whose Ⅱ.選詞填空(注意形式的變化) right away；think little of；at an end；in ruins；the number of；tens of thousands of；be trapped；soon after；dig out；as if 1．I must warn you that my patience is almost________．

27、2．When the accident happened，________people trapped under the mine reached 100. 3．________ people including the old and the young were buried under the ruins of the buildings after the earthquake. 4．Black clouds are gathering in the sky；it looks________ it's going to rain. 5．You'd better go to th

28、e teachers' office________，for our maths teacher has been looking for you. 6．The old castle now lies________．Obviously，it is in need of repair. 7．Julia felt________ in a dead end job. 8．The people here________walking ten miles，for they walk to work every day. 9．Everybody in the town knew the new

29、s________the singing star was accused of not paying tax. 10．We had to__________the car__________of the snow. 答案：1.at an end　2.the number of　3.Tens of thousands of 4．as if　5.right away　6.in ruins　7.trapped 8．think little of　9.soon after　10.dig　out Ⅲ.完成句子 1．The box was____________ for me________

30、__． 箱子太重了，我舉不起來。 2．____________________ the meeting never ended. 看起來會議好像沒完沒了。 3．All that glitters____________________． 發(fā)光的東西并非都是金子。 4．Uncle Li has two sons，__________________serve in the army. 李叔叔有兩個兒子，他倆都在部隊服役。 5．I ____________ a novel ________ I heard a knock at the door. 我正在看小說的時候，我聽見敲門聲

31、。 答案：1.too heavy　to lift　2.It seems as if　3.is not gold 4．both of whom　5.was reading　when B級　能力提升 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 Earthquakes are something that people fear.There are some places that have few or no earthquakes.Most places in the world，however，have them re

32、gularly.Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous. The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906.Over 700 people died in it.The strongest one in North America was in 1964.It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always t

33、he ones that kill the most people.In 1755，one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2，000 people died. In 1923，a very strong earthquake hit the Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan.A hundred and forty thousand people died.Most of them died in fires which followed the eart

34、hquake. One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008.It killed a large number of people.The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China，in which 400，000 people were killed or injured.This earthquake happened in 1556. Earthquakes worry people a lot.The reason is that we often do not

35、know when they are coming.People cannot prepare for it. 【語篇解讀】　本文介紹了一些地震的情況，并重點介紹了歷史上一些比較嚴重的地震。 1．Earthquakes happen________． A．in all the places in the world B．only in the countries that have a lot of mountains C．regularly in most places in the world D．only in a few places along the coast 解析

36、：細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段“Most places in the world，however，have them regularly.”可知C為正確選項。 答案：C 2．When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported? A．1964；Alaska.　　　 B．1556；China. C．1923；Japan. D．2008；China. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據文章倒數第二段“The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China，...This earthquake h

37、appened in 1556.”可知B為正確選項。 答案：B 3．According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true? A．The stronger the earthquake is，the more people are killed. B．Earthquakes often come unexpectedly. C．Earthquakes can cause fires. D．People still don't know how to tell when an earthquake will come.

38、 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段“Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people.”可知A為正確選項。 答案：A 4．What may be talked about in the seventh paragraph? A．How do earthquakes worry people. B．What will people do to prepare for earthquakes. C．How can we save people when earthquakes happen. D．

39、How do earthquakes happen. 解析：推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming.People cannot prepare for it.”可知B為正確選項。 答案：B Ⅱ.七選五 根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Earthquake can strike without warning.But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural dis

40、aster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips. If you're inside a building，stay there！One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building.__1__ Drop to the ground.Get under an object(物體)that is not easily damaged.Hold on to it until the shaking stops.Yo

41、u can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your hand.If you're in bed when the quake hits，stay there and protect your head with a pillow. __2__ Don't take shelter under a tree, streetlights，electric poles or tall buildings.If you are driving，stop as quickly as possible and s

42、tay away from overpasses(立交橋)，buildings，bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you.__3__ If you are trapped in ruins，cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing.Use your cell phone to call for help if possible.Don't shout. __4__Tap(敲)on a pipe or the wall so re

43、scuers can find you. Be prepared for aftershocks.__5__However, sometimes they even happen months later.Therefore, if you are not in a safe position(位置)after the first shock，you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place. A．Don't move about or kick up dust. B．If you're outside，go to an op

44、en space. C．Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust. D．Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object. E．Take a good hold of your cell phone in the building. F．They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake. G．Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. 答案：

45、1.G　2.B　3.D　4.C　5.F Ⅲ.完形填空 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 “Fire! Fire！” What terrible words to hear when I__1__ in a strange house in the middle of the night! It was a large，__2__ house—the sort that burns easily—and my room was on the top floor.I jumped out of bed，__3__ the door

46、and stepped out into the passage.It was full of__4__． I began to__5__，but as I was still only half awake，__6___ going towards the stairs I went in the opposite direction.The smoke grew thicker and I found it hard to__7__．The floor became__8__under my feet.I ran into another room and tried to reach

47、the__9__ for fresh air.Suddenly，one of my feet got caught in something__10__and I fell down.The thing I had fallen over felt like a package of clothes，and I picked it up to protect my__11__ from the smoke and heat.Just then the floor __12__ under me and I fell through to the floor below with pieces

48、of__13__ wood all around me. __14__，there was a doorway in front，so I put the package over my face and ran.My feet were terribly burned，but I__15__.As I reached the cold air outside，my package of clothes gave a__16__．I nearly dropped it in my surprise.Then I saw there were many people in the street

49、.A woman screamed (尖叫) as she saw me and came running__17__． “My baby! My baby！” she cried.Those people cheered loudly__18__she took the smoke-blackened package out of my arms.I almost__19__to see who she was—my boss's wife.I had__20__her baby，and become a hero! 【語篇解讀】　本文是記敘文。作者主要講述了自己經歷的一次火災。 1．

50、A.hung up　　　　 B．called back C．woke up D．turned back 解析：由該空后的“in the middle of the night”以及下文的“I jumped out of bed”可知，作者聽到有人喊“著火了！著火了！”就“醒來(woke up)”了。 答案：C 2．A.clean B．empty C．strong D．wooden 解析：由該空后的“the sort that burns easily”可知，這是一座很大的“木制(wooden)”房屋。 答案：D 3．A.opened B．closed C．lo

51、cked D．answered 解析：由該空后的“stepped out into the passage”可知，作者“打開(opened)”門，來到了走廊。 答案：A 4．A.water B．smoke C．books D．toys 解析：下文的“The smoke grew thicker”是提示。 答案：B 5．A.run B．play C．talk D．read 解析：作者發(fā)現房屋失火后，開始準備逃離，故填run。 答案：A 6．A.as for B．except for C．instead of D．because of 解析：由

52、于作者還是半睡半醒狀態(tài)，就沒有朝樓梯而是朝相反的方向跑去了，故填instead of。 答案：C 7．A.sleep B．work C．hear D．breathe 解析：由該空前的“The smoke grew thicker”可知，煙霧越來越濃，所以作者感到“呼吸(breathe)”困難。 答案：D 8．A.hard B．hot C．cold D．dirty 解析：由于大火，作者腳下的地板也“熱(hot)”起來了。 答案：B 9．A.window B．table C．telephone D．bed 解析：由該空后的“for fresh air

53、”可知，作者試圖靠近“窗戶(window)”以便呼吸新鮮空氣。 答案：A 10．A.wet B．boring C．soft D．dangerous 解析：由下文的“The thing...felt like a package of clothes”可知，作者的一只腳被一個“軟軟的(soft)”東西絆了一下。 答案：C 11．A.hands B．arms C．back D．face 解析：作者把它撿起來遮住“臉(face)”，以此來擋住煙火和熱氣。 答案：D 12．A.rose B．broke C．increased D．returned 解析：

54、由該空后的“I fell through to the floor below”可知，作者腳下的地板塌下去了，故填broke。 答案：B 13．A.burning B．growing C．green D．light 解析：由于房屋是木結構的，所以這里是說一塊塊“燃燒著的(burning)”木板。 答案：A 14．A.Strangely B．Naturally C．Luckily D．Recently 解析：由該空后的“there was a doorway in front”可知，作者感到非?！靶疫\(Luckily)”，逃生有望了。 答案：C 15．A.ga

55、ve up B．set off C．looked around D．got through 解析：由下文的“I reached the cold air outside”可知，盡管作者的腳被燙得夠嗆，但還是“沖出來(got through)”了。 答案：D 16．A.role B．cry C．task D．lesson 解析：由下文的“I nearly dropped it in my surprise”和“baby”等信息可知，從作者手里的那捆衣服里傳出了“哭聲(cry)”。 答案：B 17．A.madly B．slowly C．carefully

56、D．patiently 解析：由下文的“‘My baby！My baby！’she cried.”可知，這位婦女看到自己的孩子被救出來，“發(fā)瘋(madly)”似的跑了過來。 答案：A 18．A.if B．once C．as D．unless 解析：“當(as)”她從作者手中接過那個被煙熏黑的包裹時，人們歡呼了起來。 答案：C 19．A.agreed B．forgot C．regretted D．failed 解析：作者差點沒有看出來她是誰，故填failed。 答案：D 20．A.hurt B．saved C．killed D．punished 解析：由下文的“I became a hero”可知，作者“救(saved)”了她的孩子。 答案：B 13