2020;2020屆高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)回扣課本精講精練復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案-人教版必修1-Unit 4Earthquakes.重點(diǎn)單詞聚焦1Without_(電)，life would not be so convenient today.答案：electricity2Dont mention it again，or it will remind her of the_(痛苦) she has gone through.答案：suffering3When he got up，the ground_(震動) and cracked under his feet.答案：shook/quaked4After the war they saved those who were alive and _(埋葬) the dead.答案：buried5They were_(困住) in a deep hole and couldnt get out.答案：trapped6The firemen_(營救) hundreds of people shortly after the earthquake.答案：rescued7She_(突然，爆發(fā)) into tears at the news that his father had passed away.答案：burst8On arriving there，we offered our_(祝賀) to him on his success.答案：congratulations9He knows only a little English so he cant_(表達(dá)) himself fluently.答案：express10Its wrong of you to take_(躲避) under the tree in the storm.答案：shelter.課文原句突破1仿佛到了世界末日！_ _ _ _the world was at an end!答案：It seemed as if2死傷人數(shù)達(dá)到40多萬。_ _ _people who were killed or injured _more than 400,000.答案：The number of；reached3他們無論朝哪里看，那里的一切都幾乎被毀了。_they looked nearly everything was destroyed.答案：Everywhere4并沒有喪失所有的希望。_hope was_lost.答案：All；not5解放軍組成小分隊(duì)，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者埋葬。The army organized teams to_ _ _ _ _ _ and to _ _ _.答案：dig out those who were trapped；bury the dead6正如你所知，這是那場地震發(fā)生的日子。_ _ _，this is the day the quake happened.答案：As you knowburst vt.& vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂開；(使)炸開；突然出現(xiàn)；爆發(fā)；n.突然破裂；爆發(fā)教材原句P26：In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物的水管爆裂開來。He couldnt help bursting into tears when he heard the bad news.當(dāng)他聽到這個壞消息時(shí)情不自禁淚流滿面。We all thought his heart would burst with happiness.我們都認(rèn)為他心中的快樂快要爆發(fā)出來了。He burst into the room without knocking at the door.他沒敲門就闖進(jìn)房間。1.完成句子她一聽到邁克爾·杰克遜死亡的消息，就失聲痛哭起來。Hardly had she heard the news about the death of Michael Jackson when she _.答案：burst out crying/burst into tearsinjure vt.損害；傷害教材原句P26：Two­thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他們中有2/3在地震中傷亡。While crossing the road，an old man was knocked down by a car and badly injured.過馬路時(shí)，一位老人被汽車撞倒且嚴(yán)重受傷。Your words may injure her pride.你的話也許會傷她的自尊。The injured were taken to the hospital.受傷者被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。辨析：injure，hurt與woundinjure傷害，特指意外傷害hurt受傷的一般用詞，既可以指肉體上的傷害，也可以指精神上的傷害wound通常是指武器的傷害，如刀、槍等的傷害，尤其是指戰(zhàn)場上的傷害2.用表“傷害”的詞填空：(1)What really_me was that he never answered my letter.(2)About 50 people were seriously_ in the attack.(3)Two men were seriously _ trying to save a 5­year­old girl from the burning building.答案：(1)hurt (2)wounded(3)injuredruin nU 毀壞；毀滅；崩潰；n.C(pl.)廢墟；遺跡；v.(使)破產(chǎn)；(使)墮落；毀滅教材原句P26：In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒內(nèi)，一座大城市就成為一片廢墟。(1)be in ruins成為廢墟bring.to ruin使毀滅；使沒落come/fallto/into ruin滅亡；荒廢(2)ruin oneself自取滅亡ruin ones health/fame毀壞某人的健康/名譽(yù)Some pre­war constructions were abandoned and eventually fell/came to ruin.一些戰(zhàn)前建筑被遺棄，并最終成為廢墟。A terrible earthquake left the whole town in ruins.可怕的地震使全城成為一片廢墟。His hope of winning a gold medal in the 11th National Games ruined because of his carelessness.由于粗心他在11屆全運(yùn)會上獲一枚金牌的希望破滅了。As is known to us，heavy smoking ruins our health.眾所周知，吸煙過量毀壞身體健康。3.“If you go on stealing，you will_your bright future，young man！” said the judge.Adestroy BdamageCruinDbreak解析：這幾個動詞中，ruin可表示對抽象事物的毀壞，如毀掉“希望，理想，前程”等。答案：C4_is no wonder that the building is_now；it was so big a fire last night.AIt；in ruinsBThat；in ruinsCThere；in ruinsDIt；in ruin解析：“It is no wonder that.”是固定句式，表示“難怪”；be/lay in ruins是固定短語，意為“成為廢墟”。答案：Abury vt.埋葬，掩埋；隱藏；使沉浸，使專心；插入，刺入教材原句P26：The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.救援部隊(duì)組成小分隊(duì)，將受困的人們挖出來，并掩埋死者。Their ambitions were finally dead and buried.他們的雄心壯志最終被埋葬了。Since she left，hes buried himself in his work.自從她走后，他全心撲在工作上。Buried/Absorbed in his study，he didnt know that all the others had left.他埋頭學(xué)習(xí)，不知道其他人都早已離開了。She sat there，buried in thought.她坐在那兒，陷入了沉思。5.完成句子Hearing her only son killed in the accident，the old woman_(雙手掩面) and cried.答案：buried her face in her hands6_deep down in the earth，the dead forests rotted away and became coal.ABurying BBuriedCTo bury DHaving buried解析：bury與句子主語forests之間是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作狀語。句意為：深深地埋在地下，枯死的林木慢慢腐爛變成了煤。答案：Bjudge v斷定；判斷；判決；n.裁判員；法官；評判員教材原句P30：Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.五個裁判聽你的演講，他們都同意這是今年最好的演講。I cant judge whether he is right or wrong.我不能斷定他是對還是錯。Judging from his expression，he was satisfied with my work.從他的表情判斷，他對我的工作很滿意。As far as I can judge，it is he rather than you is to blame.據(jù)我判斷，是他而不是你該受責(zé)備。In my judgement，it is necessary to pay him a visit.在我看來，有必要去拜訪一下他。7._to be the best student，Lucy received a scholarship，which made her parents very delighted and satisfied.AJudging BJudgedCTo judge DBeing judged解析：句意為：被認(rèn)為是最好的學(xué)生，露西獲得了獎學(xué)金，這使父母非常高興和滿意。judge與主語Lucy之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語。答案：B8I havent read all of his books before，but_from the one I have read，I think hes a very promising writer.Ajudged BjudgingCdetermining Ddetermined解析：judging from.是固定短語，常在句中作狀語。不管它與主語是主動還是被動關(guān)系，都要用judging from形式。答案：Bat an end結(jié)束；終結(jié)教材原句P26：It seemed as if the world was at an end!好像世界末日到了。The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.我到達(dá)會議室時(shí)，會議快要結(jié)束了。By the end of last year，he had learned two thousand English words.到去年底為止，他已學(xué)了2 000個英語單詞。They decided to put an end to the quarrel.他們決定結(jié)束爭吵。Being out of work and having two young children，they found it impossible to make ends meet.他們失業(yè)了，還要養(yǎng)活兩個小孩，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)無法維持起碼的生活。9.Hes going to relax with friends once the exams are_and he has exciting plans for the summer holidays.Aat the end Bby the endCin the end Dat an end解析：be at an end表示“結(jié)束，終結(jié)”，符合句意。at the end (of)在(的)末端；by the end (of)到()結(jié)束時(shí)；in the end最后。答案：Da (great) number of許多；大量教材原句P26：Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.那么多的人喪生是因?yàn)榈卣鸢l(fā)生在人們睡覺的時(shí)候。修飾可數(shù)名詞a large/great/good number of，a good/great many，quite a few，dozens of，scores of，many a單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞a good/great deal of，a large amount of，quite a little修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞a lot of，lots of，a large quantity of，large quantities of，plenty of表示“許多”的短語可分為三類：A large number of people applied for the job.許多人申請了這份工作。Because of the economic crisis，a great number of workers were out of work.由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，大量工人失去工作。Helen has a great many friends indeed，but she does not think she has any she can believe in.海倫固然有許多朋友，可是她認(rèn)為沒有一個是可以信任的。The poor girl from a small village was deeply impressed by the large quantities of food in the big city.大城市里大量豐富的食品給這個來自小山村的窮苦的小女孩留下了深刻的印象。(1)a number ofpl.n.作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，“許多；大量”。the number ofpl.n.作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，“的數(shù)目”。如果說“數(shù)量多少”，要用large，small或high，low，不用many，few。(2)large quantities ofpl.n./Un.作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。large amounts ofUn.作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The number of homeless people has increased rapidly.無家可歸的人數(shù)迅速增加。Large quantities of clean water are badly needed in the flooded area.洪災(zāi)地區(qū)急需大量清潔的水。10.(全國高考)As you can see，the number of cars on our roads_rising these days.Awas keeping BkeepCkeeps Dwere keeping解析：句意為：正如你所見，目前道路上汽車的數(shù)量在不斷增加。the number of作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，可排除B、D；再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語these days 可知描述的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以選C。答案：C11_children whose parents had died in the earthquake_sent to live with families in other cities.AA great number of；wasBA great number of；wereCThe great number of；wasDThe great number of；were解析：a great number of許多，后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。答案：BIt seemed as if the world was at an end!似乎世界末日來臨了！as if是連詞詞組，意為“好像、好似”，相當(dāng)于as though，一般用于句型It looks/seems as if.中，其意思是“看起來好像”。如果所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況接近事實(shí)，句子要用陳述語氣。He acts (acted) as if (as though) he were an expert.他表現(xiàn)得就像個專家。They talked as if (as though) they had been friends for years.他們談起話來就像多年的老朋友。He treats me as if I were a stranger.他待我如同陌生人。Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain.Lets hurry up.看看天上的云彩！看起來要下雨，咱們快一點(diǎn)。如果as if引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語和主句的主語相同，且含有be動詞，可省略主語和be動詞，這樣as if后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語或分詞。She walked here and there on the playground as if (she was) looking for something.她在操場上來回走，好像在找什么東西。The old man was lying on the ground as if (he was) hurt badly.老人躺在地上，好像傷得很厲害。He opened his mouth as if to say something.他張開嘴好像要說什么。12.(全國高考)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it_yesterday.Awas happening BhappensChas happened Dhappened解析：考查虛擬語氣。由as if引導(dǎo)的從句通常用虛擬語氣，再結(jié)合前面的remembers 可知與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，因此用一般過去時(shí)。答案：D13_seemed that she was not interested in the topic they were talking about.AThere BItCShe DThey解析：seem后面跟從句時(shí)，其主語應(yīng)為it。答案：BAll hope was not lost.Not all hope was lost.并沒有喪失所有的希望。該句為不完全否定，也可稱之為部分否定。當(dāng)not與all，every，everyone，everything，both連用時(shí)，皆表示不完全否定。All these books are not popular with people.這些書并非全都受人們的歡迎。Not all my friends smoke.我的朋友并不都吸煙。Everyone is not here.并不是人人都在這里。no，none，no one，neither表示全部否定。None of us was allowed to go there.我們?nèi)疾蛔屓ツ抢?。Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次參觀長城。14.(2020;2020·江西卷)Swimming is my favorite sport.There is_like swimming as a means of keeping fit.Asomething BanythingCnothing Deverything解析：句意為：游泳是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動。作為保持健康的方式，沒有什么能比得上游泳了。本題考查不定代詞。根據(jù)上文可知，空格處需要一個表示否定意義的詞，所以C為答案。答案：C15I agree with most of what you said，but I dont agree with_.Aeverything BanythingCsomething Dnothing解析：句意為：我同意你說的大部分，但是我不同意全部。not.everything并非都。答案：A.選詞填空judge from；a number of；as if；right away；burst out crying；dig ou1On seeing the frightening scene，the little girl was so frightened that she _.答案：burst out crying2She loves the boy_she were his mother.答案：as if3Although _people were invited to his wedding，the number of people who actually came was small.答案：a number of4More than a dozen people_of the ruins were still alive.答案：dug out5Hearing the news that his mother was ill in hospital，he rushed to the hospital_.答案：right away6_his accent，we know that he is from the south.答案：Judging from.完成句子1他太激動了，以至于無法表達(dá)他對警察們的感激之情。He was_excited_his thanks to the policemen.答案：too；to express2他是那么地受歡迎，不論到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。He is _popular_he is well welcome everywhere he goes.答案：so；that3這座城堡在戰(zhàn)爭中被徹底毀壞了，現(xiàn)在已是一片廢墟。The castle was_in the war and now it is_.答案：destroyed；in ruins4她待他如陌生人，這讓他很傷心。She treats him_he _a stranger，which makes him very sad.答案：as if；were5聽到戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束的消息，人們歡呼雀躍起來。At the news that the war_，people cheered and jumped with joy.答案：was at an end6圖書館遺失了很多書，因此學(xué)校決定采取一些措施。_books in the library are lost，so the school has decided to take some action.答案：A great number of.語法專練本單元語法定語從句()1(2020;2020·全國卷)I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault.AwhoBthatCas Dwhat解析：句意為：我拒絕接受因?yàn)閯e人的錯誤而遭受的責(zé)備。本題考查定語從句關(guān)系詞的選擇。先行詞在從句中作主語，而且為不定代詞something，關(guān)系詞只能用that。答案：B2(2020;2020·重慶卷)In China，the number of cities is increasing_development is recognized across the world.Awhere BwhichCwhose Dthat解析：句意為：在中國，城市的數(shù)量在快速地增加，其發(fā)展被世界所公認(rèn)。考查定語從句。先行詞為cities，代入定語從句后為：The cities development is recognized across the world.由此可見，先行詞在定語從句中作定語，故用whose。答案：C3(2020;2020·安徽“江南十?！甭?lián)考)When did your cousin begin to show his interest in medicine?It was a Saturday_he noticed his uncle experimenting on a frog in his lab.Athat BwhatCwhen Dwhich解析：考查定語從句。解答有關(guān)定語從句題目的關(guān)鍵是：先找出先行詞，然后把先行詞代入從句中，判斷其在從句中的地位和作用。該定語從句的先行詞是a Saturday，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞when。該題考生常誤選that，認(rèn)為是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。答案：C4(2020;2020·東北三校聯(lián)合模擬)There are 51 students in Class Three，_failed in the test.Aall of which Ball of themCnone of whom Dnone of them解析：考查定語從句。后半句是非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞students，應(yīng)用whom引導(dǎo)。因?yàn)榍昂髢删渲g沒有并列連詞，所以B、D兩項(xiàng)不正確。答案：C5(2020;2020·濟(jì)南高考模擬)The time is drawing near_food raised in Space will directly benefit mankind.Awhere BwhenCwhether Dwhy解析：考查定語從句。句意為：在太空種植的食物直接使人類受益的時(shí)刻快要來了。when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞the time。答案：B