第三周考場(chǎng)作文常見(jiàn)的3類錯(cuò)誤及防范措施一、考場(chǎng)作文常見(jiàn)的3類錯(cuò)誤考場(chǎng)作文常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤主要分為三類：詞匯類錯(cuò)誤、語(yǔ)法類錯(cuò)誤和漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)。(一)詞匯類錯(cuò)誤考試時(shí)，我們很容易出現(xiàn)單詞拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤和詞形變化錯(cuò)誤；而詞性不清和詞匯用法方面的錯(cuò)誤主要還是受漢語(yǔ)的影響。其應(yīng)對(duì)措施是在備考時(shí)要多注意容易拼錯(cuò)或容易出現(xiàn)詞形變化的單詞，真正用心去體會(huì)英語(yǔ)詞匯的詞性和運(yùn)用，對(duì)一些固定習(xí)語(yǔ)更不能想當(dāng)然地改動(dòng)。1單詞拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤誤：Our English teacher is friendly but very strick with us students.正：Our English teacher is friendly but very strict with us students.2詞形變化錯(cuò)誤誤：People throwed cans, paper, bags and so on into the river water.正：People threw cans, paper, bags and so on into the river water.3詞性不清錯(cuò)誤誤：Doing a part­time job always effects study.正：Doing a part­time job always affects study.4詞匯用法錯(cuò)誤誤：He opened the light after he entered the room.正：He turned on the light after he entered the room.5擅自改動(dòng)習(xí)語(yǔ)誤：We lost the game, but we didnt lose our heart.正：We lost the game, but we didnt lose heart.即時(shí)演練改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤1We must try our best to prevent the enviroment from being polluted.enviromentenvironment2There is no doubt that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with writen English.writenwritten3During my summer vacation, I spent half a month in the country and played very happy.happyhappily4We must notice our pronunciation when we speak English.noticepay_attention_to5Just in the front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years.in_the_front_ofin_front_of_(二)語(yǔ)法類錯(cuò)誤一個(gè)正確的句子除了用詞得當(dāng)外，語(yǔ)法也應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤。如果語(yǔ)法不正確，再好的構(gòu)思也難以正確地表達(dá)，語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤的多少會(huì)直接影響作文的檔次。英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中語(yǔ)法類錯(cuò)誤主要表現(xiàn)在：時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤、主謂一致錯(cuò)誤、比較級(jí)使用錯(cuò)誤、多余的詞以及平行錯(cuò)誤等。1時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤誤：Children who raise in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.正：Children who are raised in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.2非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤誤：Comparing with other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution.正：Compared with other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution.3主謂一致錯(cuò)誤誤：My hobby is widespread, which include drawing, collecting stamps and so on.正：My hobby is widespread, which includes drawing, collecting stamps and so on.4比較級(jí)使用錯(cuò)誤誤：With the development of transportation, the world seems to be getting more and more smaller.正：With the development of transportation, the world seems to be getting smaller and smaller.5多余的詞誤：On one day, he went to the cinema.正：One day, he went to the cinema.6平行錯(cuò)誤誤：Then I put my book under my desk, opening it and started looking for the answer.正：Then I put my book under my desk, opened it and started looking for the answer.即時(shí)演練改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤1In the morning, we had bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees.去掉had2Not only Tom but also I are tired of one examination after another.aream3They think students should have their own time to study and it is more quieter at home._moremuch或去掉more_4There have been more and more road accidents happened in recent years.happenedhappening5More and more people entered into the hall, so it became crowded.去掉into(三)漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)一般來(lái)說(shuō)，英漢兩種語(yǔ)言既有許多相似之處，又有許多不同之處。在寫(xiě)作時(shí)如果想當(dāng)然地去寫(xiě)，會(huì)出現(xiàn)許多漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)，其中主要包括：純漢語(yǔ)式思維和漢語(yǔ)式語(yǔ)序、句子成分殘缺、句子粘連以及搭配不當(dāng)?shù)取?純漢語(yǔ)式思維和漢語(yǔ)式語(yǔ)序誤：At this school studying, I really very happy.正：Studying at this school, I am really very happy.2句子成分殘缺誤：There are many students dont support the project.正：There are many students who dont support the project.3句子粘連誤：On the other hand, dogs are our best friends, bring us a lot of fun.正：On the other hand, dogs are our best friends, which/and bring us a lot of fun.4搭配不當(dāng)誤：We walked a far way before planting trees.正：We walked a long way before planting trees.誤：Under the help of the teacher, I have made great progress in my English.正：With the help of the teacher, I have made great progress in my English.即時(shí)演練改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤1We are impossible to finish the work in such a short time.We_are_impossibleIt_is_impossible_for_us2Its known that the cost in big cities is very expensive.expensivehigh3He has greatly improved his spoken English by this way.byin或waymeans4I havent heard from your letter for a long time and I miss you very much.your_letteryou5He has three sons, all of them work in Beijing.在逗號(hào)后加and或themwhom二、防范出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的2個(gè)措施寫(xiě)對(duì)句子是作文得高分的關(guān)鍵和保證，考場(chǎng)上要避免上述低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤，可采取以下兩個(gè)措施。(一)確定主語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)句子無(wú)論多長(zhǎng)都有自己的主語(yǔ)(祈使句省略了主語(yǔ)you)。動(dòng)手寫(xiě)句子首先要確定主語(yǔ)，其次要特別注意漢語(yǔ)與英語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。例如：北京八月多雨。誤：Beijing rains much in August.正：It rains much in Beijing in August.寫(xiě)得很匆忙，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)書(shū)中滿是錯(cuò)誤。誤：Written in a hurry, we found the book full of mistakes.正：Written in a hurry, the book was found full of mistakes (by us)(二)確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞就構(gòu)不成句子，但動(dòng)詞千變?nèi)f化，稍不注意就會(huì)寫(xiě)錯(cuò)句子。在寫(xiě)句子時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意以下幾個(gè)方面：1注意及物與不及物動(dòng)詞的正確運(yùn)用。誤：The living standard of the people has raised in the past twenty years.正：The living standard of the people has risen/has been raised in the past twenty years.2注意延續(xù)性與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的正確運(yùn)用。誤：He has left his hometown for twenty years.正：He has been away from his hometown for twenty years.3注意一些不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。誤：Many stars are appeared in the sky at night.正：Many stars appear in the sky at night.綜合演練提能.以下句子含有考生常犯的錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)改正1Dr. Smith, together with his wife, are to arrive on the evening flight.areis2The car hitted the old man and drived away.hittedhit;_driveddrove3It is high time we do something to reduce traffic accidents.dodid或在do前加should4There are many students are planting trees on the hill.去掉第二個(gè)are或在students后加who5Eat at school is very convenient for students.句子改為：It_is_very_convenient_for_students_to_eat_at_school.6It was Sunday, they all went for a picnic in the woods.在逗號(hào)后加so或wasbeing7Would you please meet my uncle at the airport because this is the first time visit to the US？去掉time8While having our dinner, the doorbell rang.在having_前加we_are或the_doorbell_rangwe_heard_the_doorbell_ringing9Recently our village has taken place great changes.句子改為：Recently_great_changes_have_taken_place_in_our_village.10Fishing is his favorite hobby, and he also likes collecting coins.he_also_likes_collecting_coinscollecting_coins_also_gives_him_pleasure.下面的考生作文中含有10處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)改正(2020·南昌市第三次模擬)生活中，朋友間免不了會(huì)有沖突和誤會(huì)，解決方法之一就是及時(shí)道歉。假如你是李華，Henry是你最要好的朋友，你們約好昨晚7點(diǎn)半在新華書(shū)店門(mén)口見(jiàn)面?？墒怯捎趮寢屧卺t(yī)院看病，回家晚了，你得在家照顧妹妹。又因忘帶手機(jī)而沒(méi)能及時(shí)聯(lián)系到Henry而失約了。請(qǐng)給Henry寫(xiě)一封道歉信以化解誤會(huì)。內(nèi)容包括：1表示歉意；2.解釋失約的原因；3.請(qǐng)求原諒。注意：1.不得在文中出現(xiàn)作者的真實(shí)姓名；2語(yǔ)句連貫，詞數(shù)100左右。作文的標(biāo)題、開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。A Letter of ApologyDear Henry，I am really sorry _I wont let things like that happen again.Yours，Li Hua求診病文A Letter of ApologyDear Henry，I am really sorry that I can not meet you at 7：30 last night. I do hope you didnt wait too long outside Xinhua Bookstore.On yesterday afternoon, I had to look after my younger sister until my mother returned back home. She was ill and stayed at the doctors so that she arrived at home very late. I ran all the way to the bus stop only finding the last bus had already left. I had to call a taxi, but it was already half an hour later. I was going to call up you, but I had forgotten my mobile phone at home. Finally, I had no choice but to go back home, disappointing and sad.I sincere hope that you will forgive me and we can be best friends as usual. I wont let things like that happen again.Yours，Li Hua診斷結(jié)果第句：cancould第句：On_yesterdayYesterday;_去掉back或returnedcame第句：去掉arrived后面的at第句：findingto_find第句：laterlate第句：call_up_youcall_you_up;_forgottenleft_behind第句：disappointingdisappointed第句：sinceresincerely第二步用高級(jí)表達(dá)增分(用時(shí)9周)閱卷時(shí)，一篇高考作文往往在1分鐘內(nèi)就被判定生死，大眾化的詞匯、平庸的表達(dá)已使長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作的閱卷老師產(chǎn)生了視覺(jué)疲勞。在詞匯方面：如果一篇作文中突然出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)與眾不同、讓人眼前一亮的詞匯，閱卷老師的給分也絕不會(huì)吝嗇；在句式方面：如果考生多運(yùn)用一些并列句和復(fù)合句等高級(jí)句式，并注意句式的靈活多變，使文章讀起來(lái)抑揚(yáng)頓挫，讓考生深厚的語(yǔ)言功底得以體現(xiàn)，閱卷老師一定會(huì)毫不猶豫地將你的作文定位于五檔線。