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1、 Unit 12 理解:要點(diǎn)詮釋 單詞 1.matter 講：n.(籠統(tǒng))事情;事態(tài);麻煩事；占有空間的物體或物質(zhì) v.成為問(wèn)題;關(guān)系重大 matter用以指籠統(tǒng)情況時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要以it為主語(yǔ)，通常用于否定或疑問(wèn)句。 例:That’s a matter of life and death. 那是生死攸關(guān)的問(wèn)題。 Take matters easy(seriously). 對(duì)事情抱輕松(認(rèn)真)的態(tài)度。 The universe is composed of matter. 宇宙由物質(zhì)構(gòu)成。 It doesn’t matter what you wea

2、r,as long as you look neat and tidy. 只要看起來(lái)干凈整潔，你穿什么都可以。 鏈接·提示 (1)a matter of 有關(guān)……的問(wèn)題 (2)as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上 (3)for that matter 關(guān)于那件事；就那件事而言 (4)to make matters worse更糟的是 練:The thing that_________ is not whether you fail or not,but whether you try or not. A.matters B.cares

3、 C.considers D.minds 提示:句意為:重要的不是你是否成功，而是你是否努力了。matter要緊；至關(guān)重要。 答案:A 2.locate 講：v.找出……的位置；指出(確認(rèn)) ……的場(chǎng)所；設(shè)置(工廠、機(jī)關(guān)等)；位于;定居 講：We couldn’t locate the source of the radio signal. 我們無(wú)法確定無(wú)線電信號(hào)的來(lái)源。 Where is the new university to be located? 新大學(xué)將設(shè)于何處？ They located their Asian office in Hon

4、g Kong. 他們的亞洲辦事處設(shè)在香港。 The business is located right in the center of town. 商店正好位于市中心。 鏈接·提示 locate當(dāng)作“位于”講時(shí)，常與介詞in/by/near等搭配。 練:(1)___________________ in faraway northwest,this place has its beautiful scenery and fresh air. A.Being located B.Located C.Locating

5、 D.To be located 提示:be located in的意思是“位于；坐落于”。本句需要用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。 答案:B (2)The small mountain village in_________ we spent our summer holiday last year is________ in what is now part of Jiangsu Province. A.which;locating B.where;located C.which;located

6、 D.which;lain 提示:從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，第一空作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，排除B；lie作“位于”講時(shí)，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除D項(xiàng)；be located in的意思是“位于”。 答案:C 3.hesitate 講：vi.(對(duì)某事)猶豫；遲疑不決；顧慮；疑慮 例:She hesitated before replying. 她猶豫了一下才回答。 I didn’t hesitate for a moment about taking the job. 我毫不猶豫地接受了那份工作。 I hesitated to ask you,but

7、will you lend me some money? 能借給我點(diǎn)錢(qián)嗎？我本不想開(kāi)口，實(shí)在不得已。 鏈接·提示 (1)hesitation n. 猶豫；躊躇 (2)hesitate at nothing對(duì)什么都毫不遲疑 (3)hesitate to do sth.對(duì)做某事猶豫不決 (4)hesitate about doing sth.對(duì)做某事猶豫不決 (5)without hesitation毫不猶豫 練:He______________ for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he________________ a

8、goal. A.paused;had scored B.hesitated;scored C.stopped;would have scored D.hesitated;would have scored 提示:從句子意思看，他沒(méi)將球踢進(jìn)，所以第二空用虛擬語(yǔ)氣would have scored，排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；stop不與一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，故選D項(xiàng)。 答案:D 短語(yǔ) 1.set out 講：該詞組的義項(xiàng)有“出發(fā)；動(dòng)身；開(kāi)始；著手做；列舉；詳述”。 作“開(kāi)始干某事”講時(shí)，set out后接動(dòng)詞不定式，set

9、about后接動(dòng)名詞。 例:Then they set out for the farm. 然后他們動(dòng)身到農(nóng)場(chǎng)去。 They set out to perform the operation. 他們開(kāi)始動(dòng)手術(shù)。 He set out his reasons for what he had done. 他列舉了這樣做的理由。 鏈接·提示 (1)set out/off for動(dòng)身去某處 (2)set about doing sth.開(kāi)始做某事 (3)set an example做出榜樣 (4)set aside撥出；留出；不理會(huì)；擱置 (5)set back往回?fù)?；使倒?

10、 (6)set down放下；寫(xiě)下；記下 (7)set fire to/set sth.on fire放火燒 (8)set foot in/on進(jìn)入；踏上 (9)set to work(使)開(kāi)始干…… (10)set up成立；建立；支起來(lái) 練:(1)（2020;2020江蘇模擬）It’s ten years since the scientist on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical. A.made for B.set out C.took of

11、f D.turned up 提示:make for向……方向前進(jìn)；set out著手；開(kāi)始；take off脫掉；(飛機(jī))起飛；turn up把(音量)擰大；露面；出現(xiàn)。從句意看，應(yīng)該選B項(xiàng)。 答案:B (2)The local health organization is reported________ twentyfive years age when Dr.Green became its first president. A.to be set up B.being

12、 set up C.to have been set up D.having been set up 提示:依據(jù)sth.is reported to do/to be doing/to have done排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)twentyfive years age確定答案為C。 答案:C 2.throw light upon 講：該組詞組的義項(xiàng)有“使(問(wèn)題等)較容易理解；使人明白”。 該詞組中的throw也可以換成cast。 例:Recent research has thrown new light on the causes of

13、 the disease. 最近的研究可以使人進(jìn)一步了解導(dǎo)致該病的原因。 Can you throw any light on the problem? 你能把這個(gè)問(wèn)題闡述清楚嗎？ 鏈接·拓展 light構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ): (1)come to light為人所知；變得眾所周知；暴露 New evidence has recently come to light. 新的證據(jù)最近已披露出來(lái)。 (2)be in one’s light擋住某人的光線 Could you move?Youre in my light. 挪動(dòng)一下好嗎？你擋住我的光線了。 (3)bring sth.to

14、 light揭露；披露；暴露；揭發(fā) These facts have only just been brought to light. 這些事實(shí)剛剛被披露出來(lái)。 練:Professor Karl is a scientist whose experiments have__________________ the amazing ways. A.brought light on B.thrown great light on C.thrown a great light on D.brought light on

15、 提示:在詞組throw light on中，light是不可數(shù)名詞。 答案:B 3.begin with 講：該詞組的義項(xiàng)有“以……開(kāi)始；先(從某事做起)”。 begin 后可接賓語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成begin...with...短語(yǔ)。 例:Each chapter begins with a quotation. 每一章的開(kāi)頭都有一條引語(yǔ)。 He usually begins his class with a joke. 他通常以一個(gè)笑話開(kāi)始上課。 No man can lose what he never had.沒(méi)有人能失去他從來(lái)沒(méi)有過(guò)的東西。 The ocean begins

16、 with little drops of water. 大洋是點(diǎn)滴的水匯成的。 鏈接·拓展 (1)to begin with起初；開(kāi)始；首先；第一點(diǎn) —What was it you didn’t like? 你不喜歡的是什么？ —Well,to begin with,our room was far too small. 唔，首先是，我們的屋子太小了。 (2)begin as sth.起初是；本來(lái)是 He began as an actor,before starting to direct films. 他先是當(dāng)演員，后來(lái)開(kāi)始執(zhí)導(dǎo)影片。 練:____________

17、____,they had little support,but later on people began to understand them. A.To begin with B.Generally speaking C.As a whole D.After all 提示:全句意思為:開(kāi)始時(shí)，支持他們的人很少，但后來(lái)人們開(kāi)始理解他們了。generally speaking意為“一般而言”，as a whole“總體”，after all“畢竟”。 答案:A 句型 find+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)

18、 講:注意觀察下面教材原句: (1)In their efforts to survive,they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself. (2)They find themselves surrounded by colourful rocks,fishes,... (3)But at other moments you will find him gentle and weak,... 例:Did you find the life hard in that country? 你發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)國(guó)家的生活艱苦嗎？ W

19、hen he got there he found some people already working. 到了那里以后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人已經(jīng)在干活了。 He found the place much changed. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)這地方有了很大變化。 We’ve gone over the contract and found everything in order. 合同我們已經(jīng)看過(guò)了，感到?jīng)]有問(wèn)題。 鏈接·提示 (1)“find+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式或賓語(yǔ)從句，可以使用形式賓語(yǔ)it，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式或賓語(yǔ)從句放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后。 (2)find作“發(fā)現(xiàn)”

20、解時(shí)，可以跟下列結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): (1)形容詞 (2)名詞 (3)現(xiàn)在分詞(賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有主動(dòng)關(guān)系) (4)過(guò)去分詞(賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有被動(dòng)關(guān)系) (5)介詞短語(yǔ) (6)副詞 (7)動(dòng)詞不定式to be 練:(1)When I got off the crowded bus,I found my pocket and the disk in it with the important documents gone. A.picked B.stolen C.missing D.lost 提示:

21、從搭配關(guān)系來(lái)看，應(yīng)該用pick，因?yàn)閜ocket習(xí)慣搭配pick，但wallet等不搭配pick，要和steal等連用。 答案:A (2)When I entered the playground,I found a lot of girls volleyball excitedly. A.play B.played C.playing D.plays 提示:從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，選項(xiàng)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，排除D項(xiàng)；girls與play volleyball之間有主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行，故選C項(xiàng)。 答案:C 辨析 1.

22、before long,long before (1)before long意思是“不久以后”,相當(dāng)于soon，可與一般過(guò)去時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用。 (2)long before的意思是“很久以前”或“在……之前很久”。long before可以單獨(dú)使用，也可以在before后接名詞或從句。 (3)句型:It will be long before...還要很久才……;It won’t be long before...不要多久就……;很快就…… 即時(shí)練習(xí): (1)A new school will be built here . (2)Mr.Smith stayed in Beiji

23、ng for a year. he came to Shandong. (3)He said he had been there . (4)I knew your husband I knew you. (5)It won’t be we get there. 答案:(1)before long (2)Before long (3)long before (4)long before (5)long before 2.discover,invent,find (1)discover指“發(fā)現(xiàn)”原本存在而未為人所知的東西。discover還作“發(fā)現(xiàn)(某種情況)”講，后面可以接名詞、

24、代詞、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)從句。 (2)invent指“發(fā)明”原本不存在的東西。 (3)find指“找到；發(fā)現(xiàn)；看到”原本丟失的東西。 即時(shí)練習(xí): (1)Electricity wasn’t________________ by Edison,but he _________the electric light. (2)Have you_______________ the bike you lost last week? (3)We________________ her to be a good doctor. (4)This kind of machine was________

25、__________ many years ago. (5)They never___________________ how to open the box. 答案:(1)discovered,invented (2)found (3)discovered (4)invented (5)discovered 誘思：實(shí)例點(diǎn)撥 【例1】(2020;2020天津模擬)—It’ll take at least 2 hours to do this! —Oh,_________________ ! I could do it in 30 minutes. A.come on

26、 B.pardon me C.you are right D.don’t mention it 提示:第一人說(shuō)他要花至少兩個(gè)小時(shí)做這項(xiàng)工作，第二個(gè)人說(shuō):“得了吧!我能在30分鐘做完?！眂ome on有“得了吧”這個(gè)意思，故選A項(xiàng)。pardon me意為“原諒我”；you are right意為“你是對(duì)的”；Don’t mention it意為“不用客氣”。 答案:A 【例2】(2020;2020上海模擬)John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School _________the beginning of March. A.on B.for C.with D.at 提示:at the beginning of在……的開(kāi)始。 答案:D