Unit 4 Global warming導(dǎo)讀：很多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為全球變暖是由人類(lèi)活動(dòng)造成的，由于人們焚燒化石礦物或砍伐并焚燒森林，產(chǎn)生了二氧化碳等多種溫室氣體，導(dǎo)致全球氣候變暖。因此，我們究竟應(yīng)該為此做些什么呢？Task：What can we do to protect the earth from beingbad to worse?Global warming is a growing problem in the world. Melting icecaps in the Arctic and Antarctica, rising temperatures across the continents, increasing number of typhoons and tropical storms are just some of the effects of global warming.It must be realised that humans activities are the causes of global warming. It is therefore our duty to save the earth. We can begin by minimizing the amount of carbon dioxide by taking public transport instead of driving and using energyefficient electrical appliances. Besides, the government can probably limitthe number of cars allowed on the roads by imposing fines on offenders and improving public transport systems. More trees can be planted too. Education to protect the environment should also be planned. Countries around the world can hold meetings and conferences and decide the steps to take to limit the CO2 levels. Economic sanctions can also be imposed on countries that have violated the rules. The Kyoto Protocol is one such example.It is important to cure the world, for the sake of ourselves and our descendants. We have to take action now.請(qǐng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)義及提示寫(xiě)出單詞1. C her work with his, you'll find hers is much better.2. Large q of airconditioners have been sold since the temperature is high.3. She was trembling with excitement but her voice was s .4. The unemployment problem is one of social _ (現(xiàn)象)5. New Zealand has a mild sea c ， while the north is subtropical.6. He works more than 10 hours every day on a .7. Scientists think that the Arctic is endangered by _ (污染)8. We ought to learn more about our body and thef (養(yǎng)分) it needs to keep fit.9. A w misunderstanding is that science is about “true” facts that never change.10. There is an increasing t for women to have children later in life.11. I trust his ability a (完全地)12. It is not a p diamond necklace but a valueless one.1. Comparing 2. quantities3. steady 4. phenomena5. climate 6. average7. pollution 8. fuel9. widespread 10. tendency11. absolutely 12. precious請(qǐng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)義寫(xiě)出短語(yǔ)1. take it _ 輕松，不緊張2. run out _ 用完3. make _ of 構(gòu)成4. in _ 尤其；特別5. make _ 有道理； 講得通6. _ feelings 傳達(dá)情感7. stay _ 熬夜8. let _ 泄露1. easy 2. of 3. up 4. particular5. sense 6. convey 7. up 8. out1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. (P26)2. Without the greenhouse effect， the earth would be about thirtythree degrees Celsius cooler than it is. (P26)consequence n.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) Not making a will can have serious consequences for the people you might wish to benefit.(2) Scientists think it unlikely that any species will actually become extinct as a consequence of the oil spill.(3) Well, if you insist on eating so much, you'll have to suffer / take the consequences!根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A. 由于 B. 嚴(yán)重的后果 C. 后果自負(fù)(1) B(2) A(3) Cconsequence n.短語(yǔ)answer for the consequence 對(duì)后果負(fù)責(zé)as a consequence / in consequence因而，結(jié)果face / take / suffer the consequences of 自食其果，承擔(dān)責(zé)任as a consequence of / in consequence of / as a result of的結(jié)果，因?yàn)榈木壒?，由于of little / no consequence 不重要的，無(wú)足輕重的consequence n.用consequence短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1) He broke the law, and now he must _ _ _ _ his action.(2) She was over the age limit, _ _ _， her application was rejected.(3) Your opinion is _ _ _(不重要) to me.consequence n.consequence n.(1) face / take / suffer the consequences of(2) as a consequence(3) of little consequence(4) in consequence of; take the consequence(4) Jack failed to pass the exam _ _ _ being lazy in study. He could do nothing but _ _ _.range n. & v.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) You will find a whole range of children's books in the bookshop.(2) If you are employed, your salary is in the range of 26,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars.(3) It came within my range of vision.(4) The gun has a range of more than 5 miles.(5) Tibet is a place of high mountain ranges and deep valleys.range n. & v.(6) The show had a massive audience, ranging from children to grandparents.(7) Oprah Winfrey's talk show ranges over a variety of topics.(8) Cattle ranged over the pastures in search of food.(9) In the dining room, team photographs were ranged along the wall.range n. & v.根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A. 漫游，閑逛 B. 山脈 C. 射程D. 距離 E. 排列 F. 涉及G. 一系列的、成套的東西H. 包括(不同種類(lèi)的人和物)I. (數(shù)量，年齡，溫度等)范圍，界限(1) G (2) I (3) D (4) C(5) B (6) H (7) F (8) A (9) E短語(yǔ)a wide / whole / full range of 一系列，一整套，各種各樣的in / within arange 在的范圍之內(nèi)range fromto 包括(不同種類(lèi)的人和物)range from / betweento / and(數(shù)量，年齡，溫度等)范圍，界限 (包括上限和下限)range over / through 漫游，閑逛range over 涉及range n. & v.range n. & v.用range的適當(dāng)形式填空There are a wide (1) _ of children's books in the bookshop, whose prices (2)_ 1 dollar _ 20 dollars. The content (3) _ widely. You can choose books according to the writers' names (4) _along the wall next to the door.(1) range (2) range from / between; to / and(3) ranges(4)rangedresult n. & v.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) His limp is the result of an accident.(2) All the people present couldn't wait to know the results of the game.(3) The sports meeting was put off as a result of a heavy rain.(4) Eating too much fat and sugar will result in not only overweight but also heart disease.(5) His failure results from his carelessness.result n. & v.根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A. (比賽、考試等的)結(jié)果，比分，分?jǐn)?shù)等B. 由于 C. 結(jié)果D. 導(dǎo)致 E. (因而)發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)(1) C(2) A(3) B(4) D(5) Eresult n. & v.短語(yǔ)as a result 因此，結(jié)果as a result of 作為的結(jié)果，由于in result 結(jié)果，因此in the result后果，結(jié)果meet with good results取得好成績(jī)with the result that 結(jié)果是，因此，從而without result 無(wú)效地，毫無(wú)結(jié)果地result from (因而)發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)result in導(dǎo)致，產(chǎn)生某種作用或結(jié)果result n. & v.用上述單詞或短語(yǔ)填空On my way to school, I witnessed a traffic accident, (1)_ _ 3 deaths, which (2)_ _ the serious injuries to the head. 5 minutes later, the policeman came and asked me a few questions (3) _ _ _ that I was late for school.(1) resulting in(2) resulted from (3) with the resultstate n.(1) The building is in a bad state.(2) He is in a good state of mind.(3) The railroads belong to the state in this county.state n.根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A. 政府，州 B. 狀態(tài) C. 心態(tài)(1) B(2) C(3) Astate n.短語(yǔ)in a terrible / bad state 狀況糟糕be in a state / get into a state 處于緊張(焦慮，興奮)之中辨析state / condition / situationstate 常用詞，指人或物存在或所處的狀態(tài)，還表示人的精神、情緒和身體的狀態(tài)。She got herself into a state about the exams.condition 意為“條件、情況、狀況”，其單數(shù)形式指人和物所處的狀況，這時(shí)與state 意義相近，常可互換，但condition 還常著重于一定原因、環(huán)境或條件造成的特定情況。His condition doesn't permit him to travel.situation 指某一時(shí)間由各種情況造成的“處境，形勢(shì)，局面”。He found himself in an embarrassing situation.state n.單項(xiàng)填空(1) The car was in a good working _ when I bought it a few months ago.A. form B. situationC. state D. circumstance(2) She was in _ confused state of _ mind when she heard the news.A. a; the B. a; / C. / ; the D. / ; astate n.(1) C(2) Bquantity n.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity.(2) A large quantity of airconditioners has been sold since the temperature is high.(3) Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year.根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A. 大量的 B. 數(shù)量quantity n.(1) B(2) A(3) A短語(yǔ)a large / small / vast, etc. quantity of 大量的(后接謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單數(shù))large / huge / vast, etc. quantities of 大量的(后接謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù))in large / small / sufficient, etc. quantities 大量地 / 少量地 / 足量地quantity n.完成句子(1) It's cheaper to buy goods_.大批量購(gòu)貨較便宜。(2) _ poison were detected in thedead man's stomach.在死者胃中找到了少量的毒藥。quantity n.(1) in large quantities (2) Small quantities oftend v.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) People tend to need less sleep as they get older.(2) Sophia was in the bedroom tending to her son.(3) Charles tends towards obesity.tend v.根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A. 照料，照顧，護(hù)理B. 趨向，趨于，走向C. 往往會(huì)，常常就(1) C(2) A(3) Btend v.短語(yǔ)tend to do sth. 往往會(huì)，常常就tend (to) sb. 照料，照顧，護(hù)理tend towards / to sth. 趨向，趨于，走向鏈接tendency n. 趨向，偏好，性情完成句子(1) Women _ live longer than men.女人往往比男人長(zhǎng)壽。(2) Prices _ upwards over recent years.近年來(lái)物價(jià)趨于上升。(3) Doctors and nurses _ the injured.醫(yī)生和護(hù)士護(hù)理受傷者。tend v.(1) tend to(2) have tended (3) tend (to)come about根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) I don't know how the accident had come about?(2) How does it come about that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?come about根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A. 發(fā)生 B. 怎么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事呢？(1) A(2) B短語(yǔ)come to do sth. 開(kāi)始認(rèn)為，開(kāi)始覺(jué)得；偶然地做某事come and go來(lái)去自由；斷斷續(xù)續(xù)take sth. as it comes 原樣接受，聽(tīng)天由命c(diǎn)ome across sb. / sth.偶遇某人 / 某物；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)某人 / 某物；被理解； 穿過(guò)come around / round 探訪、拜訪；改變觀點(diǎn)；蘇醒，恢復(fù)知覺(jué)come at撲向，向逼近c(diǎn)ome back回來(lái)；再度流行；恢復(fù)；反駁come aboutcome down to 歸根到底；傳到手里，傳下來(lái)給come into force (法律，法規(guī)等)生效，實(shí)施come to terms with 甘心忍受句型how come？ 怎么會(huì)？How does it come about that怎么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事呢？come aboutcome about用come的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空One day I (1) _ _an old friend in the street, he said his new book would (2) _ _ and that some of my ideas (3)_ _ in it and that I would be interviewed by reporters. I never imagined that such a thing would (4)_ _ in my life.(1) came across(2) come out(3) came up (4) come aboutbuild up根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) All the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress.(2) Build yourself up to peak performance on the day of the exam.(3) The play was built up to be a masterpiece but I found it disappointing.(4) You need more protein to build you up.(5) The finds help us build up a picture of life in the Middle Ages.build upbuild up根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A. 吹捧，鼓吹 B. 加大，加強(qiáng)，增多C. 創(chuàng)建，開(kāi)辦 D. 增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)(1) B(2) D(3) A(4) D(5) Cbuild up鏈接put up 張貼；住宿set up 建立， 樹(shù)立， 創(chuàng)立stay up熬夜go up 上升，上漲turn up朝上翻， 來(lái)到， 卷起，出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大hold up 舉起， 阻擋， 耽擱， 支撐單項(xiàng)填空()They gave him soup to _ his strength.A. set up B. build upC. hold up D. turn upbuild upB it_is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.(P26)全球變暖是人為的，而不是隨意的自然現(xiàn)象。(1) It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China.(2) Was it you that I saw last night at the concert?(3) When was it that the fire broke out on a No. 9 bus?(4) It was not until 30 years later that he came back to his hometown.(1) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句，可以用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)等。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：It is / was 強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 that / who / who句子的剩余部分。It is tomorrow that the sports meeting will be held.(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)： Is / Was it 強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 that / who 句子的剩余部分。Is it because Tom is often careless that you don't want him to do the job?(3) 特殊疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)：疑問(wèn)詞 is / was it that句子的剩余部分。Where was it that the fire broke out on a NO. 9 bus?(4) 含有not until 的強(qiáng)調(diào)句： It is / was not until that句子的剩余部分。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.單項(xiàng)填空() (1) It is they _ wrong.A. who are B. that isC. that was D. whom are() (2) _ you want to say?A. What is it that B. What it is thatC. How is it that D. How it is that() (3) It was _ they were having dinner _ the phone rang.A. that; that B. when; thatC. that; when D. when; when() (4) It was the girl _ I met in park _ told me the news.A. who; that B. which; thatC. that; which D. whom; which(1) A(2) A(3) B(4) A Without the greenhouse effect， the earth would be about thirtythree degrees Celsius cooler than it is.(P26)如果沒(méi)有這種 “溫室效應(yīng)”，地球的溫度將比現(xiàn)在的溫度還要低33攝氏度左右。(1) Without air, water, and sunlight there would be no living things.(2) What would I have done without you?此句子使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，假設(shè)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的事情，介詞without ?？杀硎疽粋€(gè)條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)if從句，如without the greenhouse effect，相當(dāng)于 if there was no greenhouse effect， 此時(shí)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。單項(xiàng)填空() (1) Without electricity, human life _ quite different.A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be() (2) We _ the work ahead of time without your help.A. can't finish B. don't finishC. couldn't have finished D. will finish(1) D(2) C() 1. (2020;2020·浙江)Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only _ one's strength, but also develop one's character.A. bring up B. take upC. build up D. pull upC本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。bring up撫養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)； take up占據(jù)； build up 增進(jìn)，加強(qiáng)；pull up 向上拉，拔，停車(chē)。句意：練習(xí)中國(guó)武術(shù)不僅可以增強(qiáng)力量，還可以完善個(gè)人品格?！窘滩脑膶?duì)照】Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.(P27)()2. (2020;2020·課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)卷)I'll spend half of my holiday practising English and _ half learning drawing.A. another B. the otherC. other's D. othersB考查another，the other, others 三個(gè)詞作形容詞時(shí)的用法區(qū)別。句意是：我要用一半假期的時(shí)間練英語(yǔ)，另一半時(shí)間學(xué)畫(huà)畫(huà)。兩者中的另一個(gè)用the other?！窘滩脑膶?duì)照】Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level(P27)()3. (2020;2020·江西)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a(n) _ of 40,000 per year.A. average B. numberC. amount D. quantityA本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意：去年通過(guò)駕照考試的人達(dá)到了200,000，平均每年有40,000人拿到駕照?！窘滩脑膶?duì)照】The greenhouse effect gives the earth's surface the average temperature of 15.(P29)