Book 1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero一，典型句式：1.The past few decades have seen/witnessed the rapid development of China.seen/witnessed: 見(jiàn)證，目擊。其主語(yǔ)為時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)名詞2. The reason why. is that .The reason why I was late was that I got up too late.3. 3.狀語(yǔ)從句三類(lèi)特殊連詞（本身不是連詞卻起連接兩個(gè)句子的作用）（1）the + 時(shí)間名詞：=as soon as如：the momentthe minutethe instant 例句：The moment the mother saw her lost child, she cried. ( the moment 充當(dāng)連詞,連接兩個(gè)句子)（2）every time每次/回就each time每當(dāng)時(shí)next time下次時(shí) any time（在）任何時(shí)間注意：for the first time / at first 不能連接（3）副詞 instantly, immediately, directly，都相當(dāng)于as soon as。如：The moment/ Every time/Immediately I saw her, I smiled二，重點(diǎn)單詞和短語(yǔ)1.quality n. 質(zhì)量；素質(zhì)；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)；character： n. 人物，漢字，品格，性質(zhì)，特征characteristic / feature ：n. 特性，特征例：goods of poor quality: 質(zhì)量差的商品；persons of good qualities/characters：品格好的人3. equal：相等，平等，勝任A equals B A等于B；A is equal to B A等于Bbe equal to sth./doing sth.勝任某事/等同于4.注意以下介詞的搭配：be similar to 與相似be familiar to sb.為某人所熟知be familiar with sth.熟悉某物be indifferent to sth.對(duì)某事不關(guān)心；不在乎5.vote for 贊成；投某人的票vote against 投票反對(duì)6. reward, award, prize(1)reward 報(bào)酬，賞金。(2)award 獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，對(duì)工作上成就的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，強(qiáng)調(diào)榮譽(yù)。作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表授予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)或稱(chēng)號(hào)3)Prize 多指在各類(lèi)競(jìng)賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)或抽獎(jiǎng)中所獲得的獎(jiǎng)7.1)devote oneself/ones time to 獻(xiàn)身；致力；專(zhuān)心2)devoted adj.忠誠(chéng)的；深?lèi)?ài)的；全心全意的a devoted friend； He is devoted to his country.The mother is devoted to his son.注意以下介詞tolook forward to期望, object to反對(duì)，lead to adapt to適合，適應(yīng),adjust to 調(diào)整以適應(yīng) be accustomed/used to doing, stick to堅(jiān)持,refer to提到，涉及，指的是 see to 負(fù)責(zé)；注意 get down to 著手做the key/answer/reply/response/entrance to8.lose heartlose ones heart to sb. 愛(ài)上某人heart and soul 全心全意地learn sth. by heart 熟記put ones heart into sth.對(duì)全力以赴，9.out of work: 失業(yè)out of order 有毛病.出故障 out of ones reach夠不著out of question 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) out of the question 不可能的out of business 破產(chǎn)；歇業(yè) Out of sight, out of mind.諺眼不見(jiàn)，心不念。e to power：當(dāng)權(quán)，上臺(tái)take office上臺(tái)，執(zhí)政；do everything in ones power to do sth.竭盡全力做某事由come into+名詞可構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：開(kāi)始起來(lái)come into fashion 開(kāi)始流行come into effect 開(kāi)始生效11. escape 逃脫，逃走；泄露His name escapes me for the moment. 被忘記 narrow escape； 九死一生12. anti- 是前綴 “ 反. 或 抗”anti-social 反社會(huì)的， anti-tank 反坦克的13. answer violence with violence: 以暴制暴； violent暴力的；強(qiáng)力的14.ism 為后綴 “ 主義” realism:現(xiàn)實(shí)主義，terrorism: 恐怖主義individualism: 個(gè)人主義15. be well-educated；受過(guò)良好教育的be well-informed：熟悉情況的，消息靈通的；be well-behaved; 行為表現(xiàn)良好的