板塊二謂語集釋 時態(tài)和語態(tài) 20202020課標(biāo)區(qū)高考考點統(tǒng)計考情解讀年數(shù)量 份考 點202020202020合計從三年高考來看，謂語動詞時態(tài)的考查已從一般過去時的一枝獨秀向考查的更均衡發(fā)展。命題角度主要有三：一是直接給出時間狀語，學(xué)生可以根據(jù)所給出的時間狀語直接作出選擇；二是給出時間狀語，但所給的時間狀語有著較強的干擾性和迷惑性，這時學(xué)生要通過分析語境作出正確選擇；三是題干中不提供任何時間狀語，而是給出一個結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜的句子，這時學(xué)生必須仔細(xì)分析語境才能作出正確判斷。總之，學(xué)生要學(xué)會“語境分析”。一般過去時4101125一般現(xiàn)在時65415現(xiàn)在完成時53311過去進行時42511現(xiàn)在進行時3339一般將來時2338現(xiàn)在完成進行時1225過去完成時1304將來進行時1124將來完成時0112過去將來時0101過去將來完成時0011一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進行時的比較1(2020·北京高考)Hurry up! Mark and Carol _ us.Aexpect Bare expectingChave expected Dwill expect解析：選B考查時態(tài)。句意：快點！馬克和卡羅爾正在等我們。依據(jù)邏輯推理可知，說話人之所以催促是因為馬克和卡羅爾正在等待他們，所以用現(xiàn)在進行時。2(2020·陜西高考)On Monday mornings it usually _ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.Atakes Bis takingCtook Dwill take解析：選A考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在星期一的早上，開車上班經(jīng)常要花費我一個小時，雖然實際的距離僅僅20英里。根據(jù)句意可判斷出，這里敘述的是一個經(jīng)常性的情況，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時。3(2020·新課標(biāo)全國卷)“Life is like walking in the snow”， Granny used to say, “because every step _.”Ahas shown Bis showingCshows Dshowed解析：選C考查動詞時態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性的動作，空白處所在句的句意：因為每一步都顯示/證明出來。show意為“顯示，證明，表明”。一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性或永久性的狀態(tài)；現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作，或現(xiàn)階段一直進行的動作(說話時未必正在做)。Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much.青少年正在損害自己的健康，因為他們玩的電腦游戲太多了。Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat bothers us.(2020·湖南高考)每天晚上兩點左右，蘇就說夢話。這使我們有點煩心。一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在完成時的比較1(2020·新課標(biāo)全國卷)When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I _ my mind.Ahave changed BchangeChad changed Dwould change解析：選A考查時態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)我第一次見到布萊恩時，我不喜歡他。但是，我已經(jīng)改變主意了。根據(jù)句意可知，說話人現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)改變主意了，因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。2(2020·新課標(biāo)全國卷)If we _ now to protect the environment, we'll live to regret it.Ahadn't acted Bhaven't actedCdon't act Dwon't act解析：選C考查時態(tài)。句意：如果我們現(xiàn)在不行動起來保護環(huán)境的話，將來會后悔的。題干含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句為一般將來時，從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，故選C。3(2020·湖南高考)Have you heard about the recent election?Sure, it _ the only thing on the news for the last three days.Awould be BisChas been Dwill be解析：選C考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：“你聽說有關(guān)最近選舉的消息了嗎？”“當(dāng)然了，這可是最近三天唯一的新聞事件?！备鶕?jù)時間狀語“for the last three days”可知，該句用現(xiàn)在完成時。一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性或永久性的狀態(tài)；現(xiàn)在完成時則強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作到現(xiàn)在已完成，或過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響。I do all the cooking for my family, but recently I have been too busy to do it.通常由我給家人做飯，但最近我太忙了，沒時間做。一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的比較1(2020·江蘇高考)What about your self­drive trip yesterday?Tiring! The road is being widened, and we _ a rough ride.Ahad BhaveCwould have Dhave had解析：選A考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)問句中的yesterday可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。2(2020·湖南高考)It is the most instructive lecture that I _ since I came to this school.Aattended Bhad attendedCam attending Dhave attended解析：選D考查時態(tài)。句意：這是我到這所學(xué)校以來聽過的最有教育意義的演講。根據(jù)后面的狀語從句since I came to this school 可知， 此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或情況，常與過去時間狀語連用。而現(xiàn)在完成時表示從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或情況，常與一段時間連用；一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或情況，與現(xiàn)在沒什么聯(lián)系；現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與already，ever, never, yet, just等詞連用。I felt very tired when I got home, and I went straight to bed.(2020·重慶高考)我到家時感到很累，就直接上床睡覺了。Have you seen my dictionary?Yes, I saw it on your bed yesterday.你見過我的詞典嗎？是的，我昨天看見在你床上。一般過去時與過去完成時的比較1(2020·遼寧高考)He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all, he _ it for a very long time.Ahas had Bhad hadChas Dhad解析：選B考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的was和sold可知，他擁有這把吉他已經(jīng)很長一段時間了，“擁有”這個動作是截止到過去的，而不是截止到現(xiàn)在，所以不能選擇A項或C項。表示過去的過去應(yīng)該用過去完成時，故選B。2(2020·安徽高考)I'm calling about the apartment you _ the other day. Could you tell me more about it?Aadvertised Bhad advertisedCare advertising Dwill advertise解析：選A考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中的I'm calling可知，主句的時間定位為現(xiàn)在，空格處為定語從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)其中的時間狀語the other day可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時，故選A。一般過去時表示動作發(fā)生在過去；而過去完成時表示在過去某個動作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，即“過去的過去”。 I had intended to call on you, but I had an unexpected visitor.我本來打算去看你，但是來了一位不速之客。 Tom and I became friends in 2000, although we had actually met several years before.湯姆和我在2000年成為朋友，盡管在這幾年前我們就見過面。一般過去時與過去進行時的比較1(2020·江西高考) I to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.A.come B.cameC.am coming D.was coming解析：選D考查時態(tài)。句意：那天晚些時候我本來想拜訪你，但我不得不打電話取消了。根據(jù)題干中的but I had to phone and cancel可知，我并沒有去拜訪你，只是打算去，故用過去將來時，選D項。2(2020·北京高考)Our friendship _ quickly over the weeks that followed.Ahad developed Bwas developingCwould develop Ddeveloped解析：選D考查時態(tài)。句意：在隨后的幾周里，我們的友誼迅速發(fā)展。根據(jù)本句的時間狀語over the weeks that followed可知，這里敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，所以用一般過去時。一般過去時僅說明動作發(fā)生在過去，不強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性；而過去進行時則強調(diào)在過去某一時間正在進行的動作。After Jack had sent some e­mails, he started working on his project.(2020·山東高考)杰克發(fā)了一些電子郵件后，就開始做起他的項目。Did you catch what I said?Sorry. I was answering a text message just now.(2020·四川高考)你聽懂我所說的了嗎？對不起，我剛剛在回短信。一般將來時與將來進行時的比較1(2020·江蘇高考)Could I use your car tomorrow morning?Sure. I _ a report at home.Awill be writing Bwill have writtenChave written Dhave been writing解析：選A根據(jù)第一句中出現(xiàn)的時間狀語tomorrow morning可知，“在家寫報告”是將來正要做的事情，所以用將來進行時。2(2020·湖南高考)Close the door of fear behind you, and you _ the door of faith open before you.Asaw Bhave seenCwill see Dare seeing解析：選C考查特殊句式“祈使句and 陳述句”。句意：關(guān)閉了恐懼之門，那么信心之門就會在你面前打開?！捌硎咕鋋nd 陳述句”句式中的陳述句常用將來時。一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)；而將來進行時強調(diào)將來某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作。I am busy reviewing my lessons because I will have an exam tomorrow.我正忙著復(fù)習(xí)，因為明天要考試。I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I will be flying to Shanghai.(2020·遼寧高考)我感覺很興奮！明早的這個時候我將飛往上?！，F(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的比較1(2020·山東高考)Oh no! We're too late. The train _.That's OK. We'll catch the next train to London.Awas leaving Bhad leftChas left Dhas been leaving解析：選C考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“We're too late.”和“We'll catch the next train”可知，火車已經(jīng)開走了，由于leave這一動作對現(xiàn)在造成了一定的影響，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時。2(2020·福建高考)The girl has a great interest in sport and _ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.Atook Bis takingCtakes Dhas been taking解析：選D考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：這個女生酷愛運動，在過去的三年里她每周上兩次羽毛球課。over the last three years表示“在過去的三年里”，常與現(xiàn)在完成進行時連用，強調(diào)反復(fù)的不間斷動作。現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成，側(cè)重于結(jié)果或影響；而現(xiàn)在完成進行時則表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還在進行，強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性。This disease has dropped considerably in the past few years.近幾年這種病的發(fā)病率大大降低了。The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.(2020·全國卷)自從上午9點經(jīng)理就一直在告訴工人如何改善這一方案。be going to與will表將來的比較1(2020·北京高考)By the time you have finished this book, your meal_ cold.Agets Bhas gotCwill get Dis getting解析：選C考查時態(tài)。句意：到你讀完這本書的時候，你的飯就將涼了。根據(jù)前半句中的內(nèi)容可知，這里敘述的是將來的情況，所以用一般將來時。2(2020·江蘇高考)Ann is in hospital.Oh, really？I _know.I_go and visit her.Adidn't; am going to Bdon't; wouldCdon't; will Ddidn't; will解析：選D考查動詞的時態(tài)。從對話內(nèi)容可知，說話人在說話前不知道Ann在住院，因此第一空應(yīng)該使用一般過去時。去醫(yī)院看她是臨時做出的決定或安排，因此，第二空使用will。be going to則表示在說話前已經(jīng)安排好要做某事，這與對話矛盾，故選項A錯誤。be going to表示按計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的事情；而will不強調(diào)行為的計劃性，多指臨時的決定或安排。Mary is ill. I am going to visit her.Sorry, I didn't know. I will go with you.瑪麗病了，我打算去看她。抱歉我不知道，我和你一起去。1(2020·濟南二模)When are you leaving for Chicago?As soon as I _ the project.Aare completing BcompletedCwill complete Dcomplete解析：選D句意：“你什么時候去芝加哥？”“我一做完這項工程就去。”此處as soon as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。2(2020·濟寧市高三二模)See? The strange man I saw yesterday _ around my house again. Should I call the police?Awalk BwalkedChas walked Dis walking解析：選D句意：看，昨天我看到的那個奇怪的人又一次在我家周圍到處走，我應(yīng)該報警嗎？此處表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作，用現(xiàn)在進行時。3(2020·北京海淀一模)Hi, Lily.Don't forget to watch I'm a Singer at 10：00 this Friday night!What a pity! I _ in a plane to Hainan for a meeting then.Awill sit Bwill be sittingCam sitting DSit解析：選B句意：“嗨，莉莉，別忘了看本周五晚的節(jié)目我是歌手?！薄罢孢z憾！那時我將正坐在飛往海南的飛機上?！贝颂幈硎緦砟硞€時刻正在做某事，應(yīng)用將來進行時。4(2020·青島二模)They _ to come to the meeting on time, but they were late again.Amean Bhad meantCmeans Dhave meant解析：選B句意：他們本打算按時來開會，但是他們又遲到了。此處mean表示的動作發(fā)生在were late之前，即“過去的過去”，應(yīng)用過去完成時。5(2020·棗莊一模)Sorry! I _ a letter this morning and forgot all about the appointment.Awrote Bhave writtenCwas writing Dhad written解析：選C句意：對不起，我今天上午在寫信，把約會的事全忘了。此處表示今天上午正在做某事，應(yīng)用過去進行時。6(2020·廣西桂林中學(xué)模擬)I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _.Awent; was occurringBwent; was occurredCwas going; occurredDwas going; had occurred解析：選C句意：我正在街上找地方停車，這時發(fā)生了事故。第一空表示過去某個時候正在做某事，用過去進行時；第二空表示某事發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時。7(2020·北京石景山區(qū)高三二模)Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?No, but we _ to get in touch with them ever since.Ahave tried Bhad triedChave been trying Dhad been trying解析：選C句意：“你們找到了昨天在山中失蹤的那對夫婦了嗎？”“沒有，但是從他們失蹤后我們一直試圖與他們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系?！贝颂幈硎緩倪^去某一刻一直在做某事，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。8(2020·哈爾濱三中模擬)Where's our phonebook? I have seen it many times these days, but .OK darling. I _ it for you if you want it at once.Aget Bam gettingCwill get Dam going to get解析：選C句意：“我們的電話本哪去了？這些天我見過很多次，但是?！薄昂冒?，親愛的，如果你想要，我馬上去拿。”此處表示臨時做出的決定，用will加動詞原形。 通過“時態(tài)定義”解題準(zhǔn)確理解常考時態(tài)的定義是做題的根本。1(2020·全國卷)Did you ask Sophia for help?I _ need to I managed perfectly well on my own.Awouldn't Bdon'tCdidn't Dwon't解析：選C考查時態(tài)。句意：“你讓Sophia幫忙了嗎？”“我不需要我自己完全能行?！苯Y(jié)合問句的時態(tài)以及答語后半部分的時態(tài)可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故C項正確。2(2020·安徽高考)Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, _ some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.Akeeps BkeepChave kept Dhad kept解析：選A考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：沃爾瑪是美國最大的連鎖超市之一，部分店從星期一到星期六24小時營業(yè)。根據(jù)句中的“is”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為Walmart，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，故選A。通過“時間標(biāo)志詞”解題做時態(tài)題時首先要在題干中尋找時間標(biāo)志詞，不同的時間狀語代表動作發(fā)生的時間點或時間段的不同。常見時態(tài)的標(biāo)志詞有：1一般現(xiàn)在時：always, every time, now and then, occasionally, seldom, sometimes, usually等。2現(xiàn)在完成時：up to now, so far, recently, already, yet, in the past few years, for時間段，since時間點以及since引導(dǎo)的從句等。3過去完成時：by過去時間，by the end of過去時間，by the time .4將來進行時：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from 1：30 to 4：30 tomorrow/the day after tomorrow。5將來完成時：by將來時間，by the end of將來時間，before .1(2020·浙江高考)During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs _ sharply.Awas increasing Bhas increasedChad increased Dwill be increasing解析：選B考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“在過去的三十年中，參加健身鍛煉的人數(shù)已經(jīng)增加很多了”可知，increase的動作雖然發(fā)生在過去，但一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，同時由時間狀語“During the last three decades”也可知，該空應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時。2(2020·天津高考)The three of us _ around Europe for about a month last summer.Atravelled Bhave travelledChad travelled Dtravel解析：選A考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：去年夏天，我們?nèi)嗽跉W洲旅行了一個月左右。在過去一段時間(last summer)內(nèi)做了某事應(yīng)用一般過去時。3(2020·江蘇高考)Tommy is planning to buy a car.I know. By next month, he _enough for a used one.Asaves BsavedCwill save Dwill have saved解析：選D考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語by next month可知，到下個月，他將會積攢足夠的錢，因此應(yīng)用將來完成時。通過“固定結(jié)構(gòu)”解題對于含有固定結(jié)構(gòu)的時態(tài)題，要迅速定位，根據(jù)該句型選用正確的時態(tài)。常見的固定結(jié)構(gòu)有：1had done sth. when . 剛做完某事這時2was/were doing sth. when . 正在做某事這時3在“It (This) is the best (worst, most interesting等)名詞從句”中，從句中的謂語用現(xiàn)在完成時。4在“It (This) is the first/second/third . timethat 從句”中， that從句中的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。在“It (This) was the first/second/third . timethat 從句”中， that從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時。5在hardly (scarcely) . when ., no sooner . than .句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時，意思為“一就”。6在“祈使句 and/or 陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，陳述句的謂語動詞為will do。1(2020·陜西高考)Jim _ a late­night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.Awatched Bhad watchedCwas watching Dwould be watching解析：選C考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：吉姆正在家看一部午夜電影，正看到令人毛骨悚然的場景時，電視變成空白了。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示過去某時間正在進行的動作。故選C。2(2020·陜西高考)This is the first time we_a film in the cinema together as a family.Asee Bhad seenCsaw Dhave seen解析：選D考查時態(tài)。“It/This is the first/second time (that) .”句型的從句部分用現(xiàn)在完成時，但如果是“It/This was the first/second time (that).”則從句需要用過去完成時。通過“動作先后關(guān)系”解題在一個比較復(fù)雜的句子里，總會有好幾個動作或現(xiàn)象，它們的發(fā)生時間有一定的先后關(guān)系。我們一定要根據(jù)這種先后關(guān)系來判斷。1(2020·浙江高考)Peter had intended to take a job in business, but _ that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2020.Ahad abandoned BabandonedCabandon Dwill abandon解析：選B考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“Peter本打算在商界找一份工作，但2020年在加拿大的一次不愉快的經(jīng)歷使他最終放棄了那個計劃”可知，abandon的動作發(fā)生在過去，同時由題眼“had intended”可知，該空應(yīng)該用一般過去時，所以只有B項符合句意。2(2020·山東高考)She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the children_everything!Ahad been eating Bhad eatenChave eaten Dhave been eating解析：選B考查動詞的時態(tài)。第一個分句用的是一般過去時，由語意可知，第二個分句中的動作(eat)發(fā)生在第一個分句的謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，屬于典型的“過去的過去”，所以用過去完成時。通過“語境暗示”解題有些題目中時間狀語和其他參照物都不明顯的情況下，通過正確理解語境也是解決時態(tài)問題的一條行之有效的方法。1(2020·天津高考)The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers _ one of the main pipes.Ahad repaired Bhave repairedCrepaired Dare repairing解析：選D考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：水供應(yīng)已經(jīng)被暫時切斷了，因為工人們正在修其中一條主管道。根據(jù)主句時態(tài)可知，從句時態(tài)應(yīng)與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)，排除A和C；B項表示已修好了，與主句意思不符，故選D，表示正在修。2(2020·重慶高考)Kevin, you look worried.Anything wrong?Well, I _ a test and I'm waiting for the result.Awill take BtookChad taken Dtake解析：選B考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“I'm waiting for the result”可知，Kevin已經(jīng)參加過考試了，是過去發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故選B項。1(2020·云南玉溪市模擬)Polluted too heavily, Beijing _ its worst air quality in the first two months of this year.Awas seeing BseesChas seen Dsaw解析：選C句意：由于污染太嚴(yán)重了，今年前兩個月北京見證了最差的空氣質(zhì)量。根據(jù) in the first two months of this year可判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時。2(2020·北京市高三二模)What happened to Bill?He _ really fast when suddenly he ran headfirst into a parked car.Ahad run Bwas runningChas run Dhas been running解析：選B句意：“比爾出了什么事？”“他正在快速跑著，這時突然一頭撞在了一輛停著的車上。”考查句式be doing . when .意為“正在做某事，這時”。3(2020·西安市高三二模)Have you seen the film Lost In Thailand?Oh, no.I _ my homework all day yesterday.Ahad done BdidChave done Dwas doing解析：選D句意：“你看電影泰囧了嗎？”“噢，沒有，昨天整天我都在做作業(yè)?！北硎具^去某個時候正在做某事用過去進行時。4(2020·南昌市高三二模)As he approached the door, Mike looked into the room again to see if he _ anything behind.Aleft Bhad leftChas left Dwould leave解析：選B句意：當(dāng)麥克靠近大門時，又一次往屋里看，看看是否落下了什么東西。空格內(nèi)表示的動作發(fā)生在looked之前，表示“過去的過去”，應(yīng)用過去完成時。5(2020·安徽亳州高三二模)My father _ away for two weeks.I want to do something special for him when he comes back next month.Awill be Bhas beenCwas Dhad been解析：選A句意：我父親要外出兩個星期，我想等他下月回來時為他做點特別的事情。此處表示將要做某事，應(yīng)用一般將來時。近幾年高考題，有些命題者故意人為設(shè)置一些“陷阱”，因此在解答此類題目時要克服定勢思維，認(rèn)真分析語境，不要被命題者迷惑。例如：陷阱一：看到“for一段時間”不一定用現(xiàn)在完成時(2020·四川高考)You speak very good French!Thanks.I_French in Sichuan University for four years.AstudiedBstudyCwas studying Dhad studied解析：選A考查時態(tài)。由你(現(xiàn)在)法語說得很好可知本題強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作(我過去在四川大學(xué)學(xué)過四年法語)，故用一般過去時。陷阱二：看到“Look！”不一定用現(xiàn)在進行時(2020·江西高考)Look! Somebody _ the sofa.Well, it wasn't me. I didn't do it.Ais cleaning Bwas cleaningChas cleaned Dhad cleaned解析：選C考查時態(tài)。句意：“看，有人已經(jīng)清理了沙發(fā)?！薄班?，不是我，我沒有做?！睆暮竺娴幕卮鹂梢钥闯鍪虑橐呀?jīng)完成了，前面一句著重談對現(xiàn)在的影響，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。陷阱三：看到“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”不一定用同樣的時態(tài)(2020·江蘇高考)The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he _.Ahas started BstartsCstarted Dwill start解析：選C考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：這位總統(tǒng)希望人民在他離任時比他上任時更富有?！吧先巍笔沁^去發(fā)生的動作，所以此處用一般過去時。故選C項。1(2020·寶雞高三二模)Look at that little boy wandering about perhaps he _his mother.Awill lose Bis losingChad lost Dhas lost解析：選D根據(jù)那個小男孩徘徊的現(xiàn)象，推知他可能是找不到媽媽了，故用現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響。2(2020·青島高三二模)I don't know if she _， but if she _ I will let you know.Acomes; comes Bwill come; will comeCcomes; will come Dwill come; comes解析：選D第一個 if 引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，應(yīng)用一般將來時；第二個 if 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。3(2020·長沙高三二模)I _ his telephone number.I have his number, but I _ to bring my phone book.Aforget; forget Bforgot; forgotCforget; forgot Dforgot; forget解析：選C仔細(xì)體會一下對話的語境：第一個人說“我忘記他的電話號碼了”，這個“忘記”應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在的情況，即現(xiàn)在忘記了，故第一空應(yīng)填 forget；第二個人說“我有他的號碼，但我忘記帶電話本了”，這個“忘記”應(yīng)該是過去的情況，即過去忘記帶電話本，所以現(xiàn)在電話本不在身上，故第二空應(yīng)填 forgot，即答案應(yīng)選C。4(2020·石家莊高三二模)You seem to be familiar with London.I _ there for three years. It's great to be back.Alived Bhad livedChave lived Dlive解析：選A句意：“你好像對倫敦很熟悉?！薄拔以谀抢镒∵^3年，故地重游真是太好了?！贝颂幈硎具^去某段時間做過某事，用一般過去時。要特別注意，不要根據(jù)for three years選擇完成時。規(guī)律一：只有及物動詞或相當(dāng)于及物動詞的短語才有被動語態(tài)；不及物動詞或短語無被動語態(tài)Many stars appear in the sky at night. (不能用are appeared)晚上天空會出現(xiàn)很多星星。Great changes have taken place in my hometown since the reform and opening. (不能用have been taken place)改革開放以來，我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。1(2020·北京高考)So what is the procedure?All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority.Ainterview Bare interviewingCare interviewed Dare being interviewed解析：選C考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。問話人詢問的是程序是什么，答話人回答說所有的申請人面試后再由當(dāng)局做出最終決定，此處敘述的是客觀事實，而且applicants與interview之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。2(2020·重慶高考)Food supplies in the flood­stricken area _.We must act immediately before there's none left.Ahave run out Bare running outChave been run out Dare being run out解析：選B考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)“We must act immediately before there's none left.”可知救災(zāi)食品快要用完了，排除A、C兩項。再根據(jù)run out是不及物動詞短語，沒有被動語態(tài)可知，用現(xiàn)在進行時的主動語態(tài)。故選B項。規(guī)律二：被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成為be過去分詞，只要變換be的形式就可以得到不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，除be外被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式還有：get/become 過去分詞The boy was too careless and got hit by a car.這個男孩太粗心了，被車撞了。1(2020·北京高考)Shakespeare's play Hamlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years.Ahad been made Bwas madeChas been made Dwould be made解析：選C考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：莎士比亞的戲劇哈姆雷特在過去的幾年中被拍成了至少十部不同的電影?！皁ver the past時間段”通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，句子主語與make之間又是被動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。2(2020·湖南高考)Don't worry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life.Awill be repaid Bwas being repaidChas been repaid Dwas repaid解析：選A考查時態(tài)。句意：不要擔(dān)心。你現(xiàn)在正在從事的艱難的工作一定會讓你在今后的人生中得到回報。由句意可知，回報是發(fā)生在將來，所以選將來時態(tài)。3(2020·遼寧高考)Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I _