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ReadingSkillsTranslationPracticeGuidedWritingListeningandSpeakingEnglishSongs,,SkillsDevelopmentandPractice,,ReadingSkills,ReadingSkills:DistinguishingFactsfromOpinions,EXAMPLE:IbelievethatmostAmericanswouldnotwantmyjob.Iworkfromninetofive,sixdaysaweek.TheroomIworkinis14by20feet.Tenpeopleworkinthatspace.Therearenowindows.We’regiventwentyminutesforlunch.Thereisnoovertimepay...,Practice1Beingabletodistinguishfactsfromopinionswillhelpyoutograsptheauthor’spointofviewsothatyoumayachievebettercomprehensioninyourreading.Readthefollowingexample.,,QUESTIONS:1.Whatopinionabouthisjobdoestheauthorexpress?Underlineit.2.Circlethefactsthattheauthorusestodevelopthatopinion.,ReadingSkills,IbelievethatmostAmericanswouldnotwantmyjob.,highlights:workfromninetofive,sixdaysaweek,workina14by20feetroom,tenpeopleareinthespace,nowindows,giventwentyminutesforlunch,noovertimepay,,QUESTIONS:3.ChoosefromTextAorTextB4sentences,ofwhich2sentencesexpressfactsand2sentencesexpressopinions.,ReadingSkills,NewsmagazinessuchasTime,Newsweek,andUSNewsandWorldReportarepublishedweekly.(Fact,TextA)Theycontainarticlesabouttheimportantnationalandinternationalnewsoftheweek,andspecialsectionsaredevotedtonewsaboutsuchareasasbusiness,science,education,andarts.(Fact,TextA)Inmyopinion,thewritingisonthewall.(Opinion,TextB)Peoplearenotwillingtowaitforaslongasadaytofindoutwhathappened.(Opinion,TextB),,Practice2ReadthestatementsanddecidewhethertheyareFACTS(F)orOPINIONS(O).,ReadingSkills,1.Ifeelthattheclosingofthefactorywilldestroytheeconomyofthisregion.2.Pollsofsportswritersshowamajorityfavorthenewbaseballrules.3.Ourcriminaljusticesystemisingreattrouble.4.Becauseofinjuredortradedplayers,theteam’sperformanceisnowlowercomparedwithlastyear’s.5.Threemillioncreditcardsarestoleneveryyear.6.Someofthetelevisioncommercialsarenotinteresting.7.Californiaisthebestplaceforretiredpeople.8.Thereisnoquestionoftherelationshipbetweencigarettesmokingandlungcancer(肺癌).9.Advertisingisabiganddifficultbusiness.10.Weworkforaliving.,F,F,F,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,,E-CTranslationSkillsPractice,TranslationPractice,,TranslationPractice,E-CTranslationSkills,I.省略譯：為了使譯文符合漢語習慣，將原文中的有些詞省略不譯省略譯是將原文中的有些詞省略不譯，以使譯文符合漢語習慣。省略譯所省去的大多是英語中因為語法上的需要而存在，但根據(jù)漢語習慣并不需要譯出的詞。如英語的冠詞、介詞、連詞、代詞，有的在句子中不具實際意義，翻譯時一般可以省略。另外，從修辭角度考慮，還可以省略一些漢語中可有可無的詞。例如:1.Thehorseisausefulanimal.馬是有用的動物。（省譯冠詞the,a）2.Smokingisprohibitedinpublicplaces.公共場所不準吸煙。（省譯介詞in）3.Icandoit,andsocanyou.我能做，你也能做。（省譯并列連詞and）,,TranslationPractice,E-CTranslationSkills,4.Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?冬天來了，春天還會遠嗎？（省譯連詞if）5.Liquidshavenodefiniteshape,yettheyhaveadefinitevolume.液體沒有一定的形狀，但有一定的體積。（省譯人稱代詞they）6.Heshruggedhisshoulders,shookhishead,castuphiseyes,butsaidnothing.他聳聳肩，搖搖頭，兩眼看天，一句話不說。（省譯物主代詞his）7.Asquarehasfourequalsides.正方形四邊相等。（省譯冠詞a、動詞have）8.Inwinter,itismuchcolderintheNorththanitisintheSouth.冬天，北方比南方冷得多。（省譯介詞in、非人稱代詞it）,,TranslationPractice,E-CTranslationSkills,II.常用結(jié)構(gòu)譯法介紹1.Therebe...+attributive:Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)是英語中常見的一種句型，一般和地點狀語連用，表示存在，通常可譯成漢語的無主句“某處有?”。但有時這種句型往往不帶地點狀語，而是在其主語后帶定語。Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中主語帶后置定語的句子通常可譯成漢語的兼語式無主句，即把原文句子的主語譯成兼語(賓語兼主語)，把原文中的后置定語譯成兼語式的謂語及其有關(guān)成分。,,TranslationPractice,E-CTranslationSkills,例如：1)Therearestillquestionsandhappeningsthatwecall“supernatural”becausewedonotunderstandthem.仍有許多問題和現(xiàn)象由于我們沒有理解而被說成“超自然”。2)Andyet,asdeepaswegointothings,therearealwaysmysteriesthatliejustbeyondourunderstanding.然而，盡管我們對事物有深入研究，但總有一些神秘的現(xiàn)象使我們無法理解。3)Therearemanydifficultiestobedealtwithwhenoneisstartinganewbusiness.新開一家商行有許多困難要克服。,,TranslationPractice,E-CTranslationSkills,第一句譯文中的“問題和現(xiàn)象”一詞既作“有”的賓語，又作“被說成”的主語；第二句譯文中的“現(xiàn)象”一詞既作“有”的賓語，又作“使我們”的主語；第三句譯文中的“困難”一詞既作“有”的賓語，又作“要克服”的主語。這種句式即是漢語的兼語式。第二句也可譯成：然而，盡管我們對事物有深入研究，但總有一些我們無法理解的神秘現(xiàn)象。這種句型有時也可用融合法進行翻譯，第三句還可譯成：新開一家商行要克服許多困難。,,TranslationPractice,E-CTranslationSkills,2.aswellas:短語連詞aswellas連接并列成分時既相當于both...and又相當于notonly...butalso。作notonly...butalso解釋時，重點在前面，AaswellasB=notonlyBbutalsoA，翻譯時要注意語序。例如：1)IreadFrenchandGermanaswellasEnglish.我不僅讀英語，而且讀法語和德語。2)MaryspeaksChineseaswellasEnglish.瑪麗既講英語也講漢語。,,TranslationPractice,Practice3TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.,1.Acensusistheofficialcountofthenumberofpeoplelivinginacity,state,orcountry.2.Hydrogenisthelightestelementwithanatomicweightof1.008.3.Thefinishedproductsshouldbesampledtochecktheirqualitybeforetheyleavethefactory.,成品在出廠前應該進行抽樣檢查。,人口調(diào)查是對居住在一個城市、一個州或一個國家的全部人數(shù)的統(tǒng)計。,或：人口調(diào)查就是正式統(tǒng)計居住在一個城市、一個州或一個國家的全部人數(shù)。,氫是最輕的元素，原子量為1.008。,,TranslationPractice,Practice3TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.,4.Candidatesforthiscompanyareexpectedtobeskilledatusingacomputer.5.Lightasitcomesfromthesunisamixtureoflightofmanydifferentcolours.6.Heworksasusualasifnothinghappenedtohim.,他照常工作，好像什么事也沒有發(fā)生過。,這家公司要求應聘人員能熟練使用計算機。,太陽光是由許多不同顏色的光混合而成的。,,TranslationPractice,Practice4TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.,1.Thetypicaldailynewspapercontainsarticlesaboutlocal,regional,national,andinternationalnews,aswellassportsnews,weatherreports,editorials,andotherfeatures.2.TheSundaypapers,ontheotherhand,areintendedtoentertainaswellasinform,andtheytendtobereadleisurelybyallmembersofthefamily.,而星期天的報紙除了提供信息之外，還提供娛樂內(nèi)容，供所有家庭成員閱讀消遣。,典型的日報刊載本地新聞、區(qū)域新聞、國內(nèi)新聞和國際新聞，以及體育新聞、氣象預報、社論和其他特輯等。,,TranslationPractice,3.Theycontainarticlesabouttheimportantnationalandinternationalnewsoftheweek,andspecialsectionsaredevotedtonewsaboutsuchareasasbusiness,science,education,andarts.4.Ihaveheardincreasingdiscussionaboutwhetherdailynewspaperswillcontinuetoexistbutthiswasthefirstrealacknowledgementthattraditionalnewspapersareindeepenoughtroubletoconsiderchangesthatwereonceunthinkable.,Practice4TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.,我已經(jīng)聽到越來越多有關(guān)日報是否會繼續(xù)生存的討論，可是這一回是真正地承認傳統(tǒng)報紙深陷困境，要考慮改革，以前這些改革曾經(jīng)是不可思議的。,它們刊載一周國內(nèi)和國際的重要新聞，還有一些專欄則刊登有關(guān)商業(yè)、科學、教育和藝術(shù)等領(lǐng)域的新聞。,,TranslationPractice,5.Inmyopinion,thewritingisonthewall.BecauseoftheInternet,nationalandinternationalnewscertainlyhasbecomean“instantaccess”commodity.Peoplearenotwillingtowaitforaslongasadaytofindoutwhathappened.,Practice4TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.,在我看來，（傳統(tǒng)報紙的）厄運臨頭的預兆已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。由于有了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，國內(nèi)新聞和國際新聞無疑已成為了“即時可獲得的”商品。人們不愿去等上一整天只是為了解過去發(fā)生些什么。,,TranslationPractice,Practice5TranslatethesentencesintoEnglishwiththewordsorexpressionsgiven.,1.我們一定要努力學習，以趕上時代的步伐。(keepupwith)2.他們經(jīng)常為市場提供新產(chǎn)品。(supply...with)3.這份報紙的這一版面都用于刊登當?shù)匦侣劇?devoteto)4.他們認為有必要對自己網(wǎng)站上的每日新聞提供深度報道。(v.+it+a.+tov.),Theyconsideritnecessarytogivein-depthreportsofdailynewsontheirwebsite.,Wemuststudyhardtokeepupwiththetimes.,Theyoftensupplythemarketwithnewcommodities.,Thispageofthenewspaperisdevotedtolocalnews.,,TranslationPractice,Practice5TranslatethesentencesintoEnglishwiththewordsorexpressionsgiven.,5.雖然電視和電臺都能更快地提供新聞，但它們在提供深度見解方面卻是有局限性的。(belimitedin)6.盡管我自己有一個龐大的聯(lián)絡網(wǎng)，可我也做不到對任何事情都一直了解得一清二楚。(ontopof),EventhoughImyselfhaveahugenetwork,Icannotbeontopofeverythingallthetime.,Televisionandradiocanalldelivernewsfaster,buttheyarelimitedinprovidingin-depthinsights.,,GuidedWriting,Practice6Rewritethesentencesusingthejoiningwordsinbrackets.,MODEL:Ireachedtheschool.Itwashalfpasteight.(when)Ireachedtheschoolwhenitwashalfpasteight.,,GuidedWriting,Practice6Rewritethesentencesusingthejoiningwordsinbrackets.,1.Timwillhavetofindajob.Thenhecansupporthisfamily.(sothat)2.Johnworkedverylatelastnight.Heintendedtosolvethisproblem.(because)3.Ididnotrealizetheimportanceofthemeeting.Hetoldmeaboutit.(until)4.Carterdiscoveredanancienttomb.Strangereportsappearedinthenewspaper.(after),StrangereportsappearedinnewspaperafterCarterdiscoveredanancienttomb.,Timwillhavetofindajobsothathecansupporthisfamily.,Johnworkedverylatelastnightbecauseheintendedtosolvethisproblem.,Ididnotrealizetheimportanceofthemeetinguntilhetoldmeaboutit.,,GuidedWriting,Practice6Rewritethesentencesusingthejoiningwordsinbrackets.,5.Manypeoplewereabsent.Wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.(since)6.Myfatherhelpsmewithmyhomework.Hedoesthiswhenhehastime.(whenever)7.Anybookwilldo.Itisinteresting.(aslongas)8.You’llmissthetrain.Youarequick.(unless),You’llmissthetrainunlessyouarequick.,Sincemanypeoplewereabsent,wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.,Myfatherhelpsmewithmyhomeworkwheneverhehastime.,Anybookwilldoaslongasitisinteresting.,,GuidedWriting,Practice7MakenecessarychangesandadditionstoeachofthesegroupsofwordsandphrasessothatyougetacompletetelephonemessagefromMr.Burrowstohissecretary,MissBrown,explaininghisabsence.,MODEL:She/not/come/office/yesterdayShedidnotcometotheofficeyesterday.,,GuidedWriting,Practice7MakenecessarychangesandadditionstoeachofthesegroupsofwordsandphrasessothatyougetacompletetelephonemessagefromMr.Burrowstohissecretary,MissBrown,explaininghisabsence.,1.Be/thatyou/MissBrown2.This/beBurrows3.I/be/unable/come/office/thismorning,Iamunabletocometotheofficethismorning.,Isthatyou,MissBrown?,ThisisBurrows.,,GuidedWriting,Practice7MakenecessarychangesandadditionstoeachofthesegroupsofwordsandphrasessothatyougetacompletetelephonemessagefromMr.Burrowstohissecretary,MissBrown,explaininghisabsence.,4.I/feel/unwell/yesterday/call/doctor5.He/come/evening/examineme6.He/say/I/have/mildattack/fever,HesaidIhadamildattackoffever.,Ifeltunwellyesterdayandcalledthe/adoctor.,Hecameintheeveningandexaminedme.,,GuidedWriting,Practice7MakenecessarychangesandadditionstoeachofthesegroupsofwordsandphrasessothatyougetacompletetelephonemessagefromMr.Burrowstohissecretary,MissBrown,explaininghisabsence.,7.Andhe/advise/me/stay/bed/fewdays8.I/hope/I/be/better/byThursday9.Please/not/worry/anything/tillthen,IhopeIshallbebetterbyThursday.,Andheadvisedmetostayinbedforafewdays.,Pleasedonotworryaboutanythingtillthen.,,GuidedWriting,請假條請假條有事假條、病假條等。請假條是由個人向主管提交的，因此文體應正規(guī)，內(nèi)容須緊湊，理由要充分，必要時，應附上證明。,Practice8,,GuidedWriting,EXAMPLE1:,,DearSir,Owingtoabadcold,Iamunabletoattendclassestoday.Inowsubmitamedicalcertificateissuedbythedoctor.Hopingyouwillexcusemynon-attendance.Yoursrespectfully,GeorgeR.Finlay,,GuidedWriting,EXAMPLE2:,,English1stYear,ClassAApril25,2008ToDepartmentOfficeSecretaryFrick:AsmybrotherismovingtoCanadatomorrow,Ishallbeverymuchobligedifyouwillgrantmemyapplicationforoneday’sleavetomorrow.Yoursrespectfully,RobinFord,,GuidedWriting,Practice8,按上述樣式寫一張因頭痛而不能上課的請假條。,,English2ndYear,ClassBApril21,2008ToDepartmentOfficeMs.Smith,Owingtoasevereheadache,Ishallbeunabletoattendclassestoday.Iencloseamedicalcertificatefromthedoctor.Hopingyouwillexcusemynon-attendance.Yoursrespectfully,LiMing,,1.Listenandpractice.Sampledialogue1Sampledialogue2,PartIConversationPractice:GivingAdvice,ListeningandSpeaking,,ListeningandSpeaking,Salesman:__________________thiswoodenvase?It’sveryniceanditwillcertainly____________________.MissSmith:Oh,thisiswhatIwant,_____________________.Ilikeitverymuch.I’lltakeit.Salesman:ShallIpackitforyou?Mark:Yesplease.__________________inthissilkhandkerchief?Salesman:Sure.________________towrapitupthisway?Mark:__________.Thanks.,2.Nowlistentoadialogueandfillintheblankswiththeinformationyougetfromthetape.,Howdoyoulike,remindyouofChina,atypicalChinesesouvenir,Canyoupackthebox,Wouldyoulikeme,Great,Mr.Brown:_________________________(您能否給我提些建議)onhowtospendthetwodaysI’llstayinBeijing?MissJiang:Twodays?Ithink_____________________(你應該去一趟)theMingTombsandtheGreatWall.Mr.Brown:______________________________(那么紫禁城(theForbiddenCity)呢)?MissJiang:_______________________(那留著明天去).YoucouldvisittheForbiddenCityandtheSummerPalaceonthesecondday.Mr.Brown:Itsoundsmarvelous!But_____________________________________(我們還有足夠的時間看京劇嗎)?MissJiang:Yes._____________________(如果你不覺得太累的話),youcouldgotothetheatreintheevening.,,NowlistentoanotherdialogueandthentranslatetheChinesesentencesintoEnglishaccordingtotheinformationyougetfromthetape.,ListeningandSpeaking,Couldyougivemesomeadvice,youshouldvisit,ThenhowabouttheForbiddenCity,That’sforthesecondday,willwehavetimetoenjoyBeijingOpera,Ifyouaren’ttootired,,4.Nowlistentothethirddialogueandtrytoplaythesalesgirl’spart.,ListeningandSpeaking,Mrs.Black:I’dliketobuysometypicalChinesegiftsformyhusbandinEngland.Couldyourecommendsomethingforme?Salesgirl:_____________________________________________________Mrs.Black:Oh,it’ssolovely.ButI’mafraidImightbreakitonmywayhome.Salesgirl:________________________________________Mrs.Black:Great,thanksalot.Salesgirl:_______________,Howaboutthisteaset,ma’am?It’swell-knownallovertheworld.,Don’tworry.I’llpackitinabeautifulbox.,You’rewelcome,,PartⅡListeningPractice,ListeningandSpeaking,1.Listentothepeopletalkingaboutwheretobuysomeofthethingstheyneed.Whydidtheydecidetogototheshopstheychose?Choosethecorrectanswers,√,√,√,√,,ListeningandSpeaking,2-1.Youaregoingtohearashortpassage.Listentoittwiceandthenputtheanswertothequestionintheblank.Question:Whatgoodwilltheserulesdotoyou?Answer:,Theywillletushaveabigchancetolivetoagoodoldage.,,ListeningandSpeaking,2-2.Listentothepassageagainandtick(√)whichofthefollowingarementionedandwhicharenotmentionedasthegoldenrules?,√,√,√,√,√,√,,ListeningandSpeaking,2-2.Listentothepassageagainandtickout(√)whichofthefollowingarementionedandwhicharenotmentionedasthegoldenrules?,√,√,√,√,√,√,,EnglishSongs,EnglishSongs,,I’llAlwaysLoveYou,IllalwaysloveyouFortherestofmydaysYouhavewonmyheartandmysoulWithyoursweet,sexywaysYougavemehopeWhenIneededsomeonenearYoubringmehappinessEverydayofeveryyearAndIllalwaysloveyouForallthatyouareYouhavemademylifecompleteYouremyluckystarYouraretheoneThatIdbeensearchingforYouaremyeverythingTellmewhocouldaskformore,,EnglishSongs,AndIllalwaysloveyouHoney,thiswillneverendIneedyoubymyside,babyOh,myfriendYougavemyworldAthrillIveneverknownAndfilledmyeagerheartWithalovetocallmyownAndIllalwaysloveyouYoumustknowhowmuchIdoYoucancountonmeforeverAndIwilltakegoodcareofyouIllalwaysloveyouImsohappythatyourmineIalwaysloveyouTilltheendoftime,EnglishSongs,,1Script,ListeningandSpeaking,,1)A:Wheredoyouwanttogettheflowers?B:There’salwaysabetterchoiceatRegal,butthestaffarealwayssorude.Idon’twanttoshopthereagain.Let’sgotoBetty’s.2)A:Whereshallwegoforthebread?B:West’sandKing’sarebothverygood.ButIthinkthebread’sfresheratWest’s,solet’sgothere.3)A:Iwantacoupleofbooks.ShallwegototheUniversityBookshop?B:Yes,goodidea.They’renotusuallyasexpensiveasHill’sBookshop.4)A:Whereshallwegoforsomepaint,CrestorTed?B:Let’sgotoCrest.Therearemorechoicesthere.,PartIIListeningPractice,,2-1Script,ListeningandSpeaking,Ifyouwanttolivealonglife,youshouldfollowthesegoldenrules.Youshouldbemarried,liveinasmalltownandhaveajobthatrequiresphysicalactivities.Andyoushouldnotsmoke.Norshouldyoubecomeover-weight.Youshoulddrivewithinthespeedlimitsandwearasafety-belt.Andyoushouldhaveregularmedicalcheck-ups.Ifyoufollowtheserules,youwillhaveabigchancetolivetoagoodoldage.,PartIIIListeningPractice,