,PracticeandProgress,TechniquesUsedinMultipleChoice,單項(xiàng)填空題,高考題型專題復(fù)習(xí),命題特征,解題技巧,專題練習(xí),解題要素,命題要點(diǎn),Multiplechoicecharacteristics,單項(xiàng)填空的命題特征,知識(shí)覆蓋面廣語(yǔ)境地位突出交際性原則明確試題題干新穎迷惑性較大靈活性較高,Multiplechoicecheckpoints,單項(xiàng)填空的命題要點(diǎn),情景交際動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)介詞搭配連詞、代詞形容詞、副詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,EssentialFactorsinDoingMultipleChoice,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),注重意群理解,單項(xiàng)填空的解題要素,一、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，迷惑性大，稍有疏忽，便會(huì)受到干擾項(xiàng)的干擾。解題時(shí)必須首先認(rèn)清主要句子成份。,復(fù)雜句子解讀的一般規(guī)律是,謂語(yǔ),She,saw,賓語(yǔ),thatherboss,Mr.Foss，wasdeadonthefloor.,WhenMissGreengottotheofficeearlyyesterdaymorning，,whoworksinabigcompany，,主語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ),定語(yǔ),找到主句及其謂語(yǔ)。,主句是復(fù)雜句中不帶連接詞的句子,WhenMrs.Green,whoworksinabigcompany,gottotheofficeyesterdaymorning,shesawthatherboss,Mr.Foss,wasdeadonthefloor.,主題（主語(yǔ)）TheoldEnglishteacher,內(nèi)容（謂語(yǔ)）willgiveusatalk,內(nèi)容修正（狀語(yǔ)）whenheisfreenextweek,詞義限定1（定語(yǔ)）whoretiredtenyearsago-TheoldEnglishteacher,詞義限定2（定語(yǔ)）onhowtostudyEnglishwell-Atalk,TheoldEnglishteacherwhoretiredtenyearsagowillgiveusatalkonhowtostudyEnglishwellwhenheisfreenextweek.,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的一般規(guī)律是1）找到主語(yǔ)確定信息主題2）找到謂語(yǔ)確定信息內(nèi)容3）找到狀語(yǔ)確定信息成立的條件4）找到定語(yǔ)以確定某個(gè)名詞的準(zhǔn)確意義解讀復(fù)雜句子的一般規(guī)律是1）解讀句子的關(guān)鍵是找到主句的謂語(yǔ),主句是復(fù)雜句中不帶連接詞的句子。,二、注重意群理解groupmeaning意群在英語(yǔ)交際中表達(dá)一個(gè)詞組一個(gè)句子或一個(gè)段落的完整的意義。各個(gè)意群是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體，在意義上不能把里面的單詞分割開(kāi)來(lái)。,各個(gè)意群是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體，在意義上不能把它們分割開(kāi)來(lái)。如：,1.Jennyispleasantto_.A.sayB.speakC.talkD.talkto,D,2.Occasionsarequiterare_Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.(08山東）A.WhoB.whichC.whyD.when,D,3.-Whomwouldyourather_withyou,MaryorJune?-_.A.go,NeitherB.havego,EitherC.havegone,EitherD.havetogo,Both,B,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),注重意群理解,Remember,StrategiesUsedinMultipleChoice,解題策略：,把握語(yǔ)境信息,StrategyOne,把握語(yǔ)境題干中不明確標(biāo)示解題關(guān)鍵信息，而是比較巧妙地隱含在句子中，稍不注意就會(huì)錯(cuò)選。,不同的語(yǔ)境傳達(dá)不同的信息,注意比較:,1.（原題）HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?Ihavenoidea.He_itthismorning.（NMET2004全國(guó)II）（改編）HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?Yes.He_itthismorning.A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddone,c,A,2.（原題）-WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?-_wayasyouplease.(2004福建)（改編）-WhichofthetwowaysshallItaketothevillage?-_wayasyouplease.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.Either,D,C,3.（原題）Whatworriesmeis_heisgoingtomaketheleapfromhiscomfortablelifewithustoindependence.(2009屆第一次聯(lián)考)A.howB.whatC.whereD.that（改編）Whatcomforts/pleasesmeis_heisgoingtomaketheleapfromhiscomfortablelifewithustoindependence.,A,D,4.（原題）-Thetwoexercisesarenteasy,arethey?-Yes,_ofusdidthemright.（第一次聯(lián)考）noneB.allC.nooneD.everyone（改編）-Thetwoexercisesarenteasy,arethey?-Yes,_didthemright.-Thetwoexercisesarenteasy,arethey?-No,_ofusdidthemright.,應(yīng)為every/anyoneofus,不能說(shuō)everyone/someone/anyoneof,B,B/D,A,以語(yǔ)境為切入點(diǎn),認(rèn)真思考。不放過(guò)任何細(xì)節(jié)，把握住題干里所隱藏的信息、關(guān)鍵詞。,解題訣竅,還原或化簡(jiǎn)句子,StrategyTwo,還原或化簡(jiǎn)句子題干以省略句、疑問(wèn)句、被動(dòng)句、倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句等形式，避開(kāi)考生所熟悉的陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)，從而加大難度。有時(shí)題干較長(zhǎng),加入了從句、插入語(yǔ)等修飾部分。,如：1.Whomwouldyouratherhave_withyou?A.togoB.goC.goneD.going,分析：測(cè)試的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是使役動(dòng)詞have的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。havesb.dosth.,還原為：youwouldratherhavewhom_withyou.,一、將疑問(wèn)句改成陳述句,1.Timeshouldbemadegooduseof_ourlessonswell.A.learningB.learnedC.tolearnD.learns,Weshouldmakegooduseoftime_ourlessonwell.,C,2.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.AtoinventBinventingCtohaveinventedDhavinginvented.,PeoplegenerallyconsideredCharlesBabbage_thefirstcomputer.,C,二、改被動(dòng)句為主動(dòng)句,1.Itwas_theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathomeArepairBrepairingCtorepairDinrepair,還原為：Theoldmanspentthewholemorning_theoldclockathome,三、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型還原成簡(jiǎn)單句式,whatlittleTomsaidtohismothersounded!AwhatreasonableBHowareasonableCHowreasonableDWhatareasonable,WhatlittleTomsaidtohismothersounded!很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)sound之后應(yīng)接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。,四、感嘆句還原為陳述句,ThatwaswehadinLondon3yearsago!AwonderfultimeBawonderfultimeCwonderfulDwonderfully,可還原為：WehadawonderfultimeinLondon3yearsago?？煽闯鲈搹?fù)合句中有一固定搭配hadawonderfultime（玩得愉快），定語(yǔ)從句中省略了關(guān)系代詞that。,(that),五、固定短語(yǔ)還原,六、補(bǔ)充省略成分,1.-Whatmadeyousohappy?-_.A.Becauseofmypassingtheexam.B.Ipassedtheexam.C.BecauseIpassedtheexam.D.Mypassingtheexam.,(mademesohappy),2.Iftheweatherisfine,wellgo.If_,_.A.not,notB.no,noC.not,noD.no,not,Ifyoustudyhard,youllsucceed.Ifnot,not.,3.Oneofthesidesoftheblackboardshouldbepaintedyellow,and_.(2000春季招生)TheotheriswhiteB.AnotherwhiteC.TheotherwhiteD.Anotheriswhite,A少了painted,B和D不能用another,因?yàn)槟景逯挥袃擅?，兩面中的另一面只能用theother.,C實(shí)際是theothershouldbepaintedwhite的省略,C,1.Hebelievesinhimself，_，inmyopinion,isofthemostimportanceAthatBwhichCwhatDAs2.Thewriter，whomIoftenrefertoatthemeetings,_famousforthoseworksAisBareCamDwere,(),B,七、去掉插入語(yǔ)、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)、從句等,A,(,),將不熟悉的疑問(wèn)句，倒裝句，被動(dòng)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句等還原為熟悉的陳述句；也可將殘缺的部分補(bǔ)出或?qū)⒉迦胝Z(yǔ)等多余的部分刪除。,解題決竅,克服思維定勢(shì),StrategyThree,克服思維定勢(shì)利用思維定勢(shì)的影響設(shè)計(jì)的題目是最容易讓我們上當(dāng)?shù)念}目。因?yàn)槲覀儽秤浟嗽S多語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，詞匯，詞的固定搭配和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等，做題時(shí)只注意這些熟悉的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，結(jié)構(gòu)和局部固定搭配，往往在沒(méi)有完全弄清整個(gè)題干意思是就作出了選擇，結(jié)果當(dāng)然出錯(cuò)。例如：,解析容易誤認(rèn)為是考查spendsometime(in)doingsth結(jié)構(gòu)而選A，忽視了waitingfor這一部分。正確答案應(yīng)是D。lockedinyourroom在句子里作方式狀語(yǔ)，“（我）被鎖在你的房間里等侯”。,1.Iwillspendawholeevening_inyourroomwaitingforthethieftoarrive.A.lockingB.inlockingC.beinglockedD.locked,2.Thecountrylifehewasusedto_greatlysince1992.(2005山東卷)A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged,解析易受sbbeusedtodoing的影響而誤選C。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知,hewasusedto為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞thecountrylife。此空格應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。,正確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，正確理解意群，避免定勢(shì)思維。在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，尤其是復(fù)習(xí)階段，我們應(yīng)就一些常見(jiàn)的、重要的詞、詞組及句型加以反復(fù)訓(xùn)練，以加深印象，以避免思維定勢(shì)的干擾。,解題決竅：,熟悉英語(yǔ)文化,克服母語(yǔ)干擾,StrategyFour,英漢在表達(dá)習(xí)慣，思維方式等方面具有很多不同，出題者常利用漢英差異出題。,克服母語(yǔ)干擾,注意：英漢在表達(dá)習(xí)慣，思維方式等方面具有很多不同，出題者常利用漢英差異出題。,1.-Itsgettinglate.ImafraidImustbegoingnow.(2004全國(guó)）-OK._A.Takeiteasy.B.Goslowly.C.Staylonger.D.Seeyou.,2.-IamafraidIcantreturnthebooktoyoubeforeFriday.(2008重慶卷)-_.A.DontafraidB.BecarefulC.NotatallD.Takeyourtime,Illcometoseeyouif_.A.youreconvenientB.itisconvenientforyouC.youfeelconvenientD.itisconvenientwithyou,Hewantstomovehouse,becausehehatesthe_here.A.crowdedtrafficB.crowdedtrafficsC.busytrafficD.busytraffics,3.“如果你方便的話”說(shuō)成英語(yǔ)是ifyouareconvenient嗎?,4.“交通擁擠”的英語(yǔ)是crowdedtraffic嗎?,留心英漢表達(dá)差異,平時(shí)要多讀多比較多歸納，用英語(yǔ)思維，避免Chinglish。,解題訣竅：,注重標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和連詞提示,StrategyFive,標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)或連詞往往決定句子后半部分的句子成份。,標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，連詞,Tomhasmanyfriends;_canhelphim.A.fewofwhichB.fewofwhomC.fewofthatD.fewofthem,Imetseveralpeoplethere,twoof_beingforeigners.A.whomB.themC.whoD.which,2.Imetseveralpeoplethere,twoof_wereforeigners.A.whomB.themC.whoD.which,1.ThegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyaNumberoffactors,_arebeyondourcontrol.(08湖南)A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat,借助標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)或連詞，正確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。它們往往決定句子后半部分是完整的句子還是句子成份，從而判斷所填答案是連詞還是代詞，是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。,解題決竅：,summary,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),注重意群理解,單項(xiàng)填空的解題要素,解題策略：,近幾年各地高考單選題都強(qiáng)調(diào)交際性及語(yǔ)用性，純語(yǔ)法題已經(jīng)越來(lái)越少，廣東省已取消了語(yǔ)法單選題；因此復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)程中應(yīng)注重語(yǔ)法在交際性習(xí)題中的活用，同時(shí)要注意詞的搭配動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及常用習(xí)語(yǔ)的積累。,Practicemakesperfect!,goodstayingwithyou,Thankyou,