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1、專題能力訓(xùn)練一單項(xiàng)填空(一)(句子結(jié)構(gòu)類)一、A組1.(2017天津高考?jí)狠S卷,24)Our English teacher told us to find out the differences between American English and British English lie.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which答案:A解析:句意:我們的英語老師讓我們找出美國英語和英國英語的區(qū)別在哪?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句,引導(dǎo)詞做動(dòng)詞lie的賓語,指存在于哪里,故選A項(xiàng)。2.(2017天津高考?jí)狠S卷,28)Employers were unwilling to offer him

2、 a job he had been in prison.A.whenB.thoughC.asD.unless答案:C解析:句意:雇主們都不愿給他提供工作,因?yàn)樗M(jìn)過監(jiān)獄。此處表示原因,應(yīng)用連詞as,故選C項(xiàng)。3.Howareyougettingalongwithyourproject?IwasabouttogiveupwhenanideaoccurredtomeIcouldworkwithTim.A.whyB.howC.thatD.whether答案:C解析:考查同位語從句。句意:你的工程進(jìn)展得怎么樣了?我剛想放棄這項(xiàng)工程,這時(shí)我突然想到可以與蒂姆一起合作?！癐couldworkwithTi

3、m”是與先行詞idea等同的內(nèi)容,所以用that引導(dǎo)這個(gè)同位語從句。4.As was known to all,John had broken his promise he would stay with us for some time.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.what答案:C解析:考查同位語從句。本句中promise后面含有同位語從句“thathewouldstaywithusforsometime”,that在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,只是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞而已。句意:眾所周知,約翰違背了他要和我們待在一起一段時(shí)間的諾言。故C項(xiàng)正確。5. and Ill get the work f

4、inished.A.Having one more hourB.One more hourC.Given one more hourD.If I have one more hour答案:B解析:句意:要是再有一個(gè)小時(shí),我就完成工作了。題干是“祈使句+and+表示結(jié)果的陳述句”。A、C兩項(xiàng)是非謂語動(dòng)詞,不能構(gòu)成句子;D項(xiàng)是條件狀語從句,不是并列分句。B項(xiàng)是名詞詞組,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)祈使句,表示條件。6.was most important to her,she told me,was her family.A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As答案:C解析:句意:她告訴我,對(duì)她來說最重要的是她的家

5、人。“wasmostimportanttoher”是主語從句,空格處做這個(gè)從句的主語,表示“的事情”,故用What。7.The mother couldnt figure out made her son spend so much time in preparing for this match.A.what it was thatB.that it was thatC.it was what thatD.what was it that答案:A解析:謂語動(dòng)詞figureout后面的“madehersonspendsomuchtimeinpreparingforthismatch”是賓語從句

6、,根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知這個(gè)賓語從句用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,語序是:特殊疑問詞+it+is/wasthat.。8.WillMr.Blackgototheopeningceremonythisweekend?No,hehasfinallydecided.A.notB.nottogoC.nottoD.nottogoto答案:C解析:decided后面的完整形式是nottogototheopeningceremony,為了避免重復(fù)只留下notto,把其他重復(fù)的內(nèi)容省略。9.IwellremembermyexperienceasavolunteerIfoundwellsofpatienceandloveIneverknew

7、Ihad.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which答案:A解析:句意:我清楚地記得自己那次做志愿者的經(jīng)歷,在那次經(jīng)歷中我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很有耐心和愛心,這些是我(之前)從不曾知道的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞為有地點(diǎn)含義的抽象名詞experience,故選where。10.Myfathercalledmeyesterday,askingmeIwasgettingalongwiththeexam.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why答案:B解析:“Iwasgettingalongwiththeexam”是asking的賓語從句,這個(gè)從句缺少的是方式狀語,故用how

8、表示“(考試情況)怎么樣?”11.AsfarasImconcerned,theycouldnt,theywould,getoutoftroublebythemselves.A.evenifB.whatifC.onlyifD.asif答案:A解析:句意:我個(gè)人認(rèn)為,他們即使想(擺脫),也無法獨(dú)立擺脫困難。evenif“即使”,符合句意,在此引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。whatif“要是會(huì)怎樣呢”;onlyif“只有”;asif“好像”。12.Itsnotwhatyouhaveinyourlifebutyouhaveinyourlifethatmatters.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.what

9、答案:A解析:句意:在你的人生中,重要的是你擁有誰而不是你擁有什么。該句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是not.but.連接的并列成分。根據(jù)句意可知,應(yīng)該用who引導(dǎo)從句,who在從句中做賓語。13.Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutthepolicy,expertssay,acouplecangivebirthtotwochildrenwillsetoffarapidriseofpopulation.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether答案:B解析:句意:專家們說,沒必要擔(dān)心一對(duì)夫婦能夠生兩個(gè)孩子的這個(gè)政策會(huì)引起人口的快速增長。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本空引導(dǎo)同位語從句

10、,做thepolicy的同位語,從句中不缺成分,故用that。14.Thereareoccasionsbackpackersaresotiredthattheyfallasleepalmostanywhere.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.what答案:A解析:句意:背包旅行者是如此勞累,以至于他們幾乎在任何地方都能睡著。這樣的情況是有的。occasion“(某事發(fā)生的)時(shí)候,場(chǎng)景”,是一個(gè)時(shí)間概念,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語,因此使用關(guān)系副詞when。15.Withtimegoingby,onceseemedvitalinourlifeisnolongerasimporta

11、ntnow.A.whichB.howC.whatD.whether答案:C解析:句意:隨著時(shí)間的流逝,曾經(jīng)似乎是我們生活中極其重要的事,現(xiàn)在不那么重要了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,名詞性從句在句中做主語,且從句中缺少主語,因此用what。二、B組1.(2017天津高考?jí)狠S卷,29)We are hoping for support from Mr.Webster,without support we cant make it.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD.that答案:B解析:句意:我們希望從韋伯斯特先生那里得到支持,沒有他的支持我們就不能成功。此處是定語從句,空格后有support,故

12、填whose,whosesupport做without的賓語。2.(2017天津紅橋區(qū)二模,4)Im not sure whether I can persuade him to give up the adventure.,I will try my best.A.AnyhowB.SomehowC.BesidesD.Therefore答案:A解析:句意:我不確定我能否說服他放棄這次冒險(xiǎn)。不管怎樣,我會(huì)盡全力(說服他)。anyhow“無論如何,不管怎樣”,符合語境;somehow“以某種方式;不知怎的”;besides“此外”;therefore“所以”。3.isknowntoallistha

13、twatchingTVproperlymaymakeourmindbroadandourliferich.A.ItB.AsC.WhatD.That答案:C解析:句意:眾所周知,恰當(dāng)?shù)乜措娨暱梢允刮覀兊囊曇伴_闊,生活豐富多彩。主語從句中缺主語,故用what。故選C項(xiàng)。4.It is becoming a threat to the Chinese language and culture some people cant write Chinese characters properly.A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.how 答案:B解析:句意:有些人不會(huì)正確書寫漢字這一現(xiàn)象正

14、在對(duì)漢語和中國文化產(chǎn)生威脅。it是形式主語,“somepeoplecantwriteChinesecharactersproperly”是真正的主語,是由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。that僅起引導(dǎo)作用,不在從句中做成分。5.The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why答案:C解析:句意:這個(gè)令人震驚的消息使我意識(shí)到,我們將要面對(duì)多么嚴(yán)重的問題。及物動(dòng)詞realize后面部分是賓語從句,這個(gè)賓語從句中,terribleproblems做face的賓語,引導(dǎo)詞做定

15、語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞problems,常用what引導(dǎo)。6.I promise to make you all proud again in direction life may take me.A.however B.wherever C.whatever D.whenever答案:C解析:句意:我保證不管在什么樣的人生方向上我都會(huì)再次讓你們感到驕傲。whatever修飾名詞direction,意為“無論什么方向”;however“無論怎樣”;wherever“無論哪里”;whenever“無論何時(shí)”。故選C項(xiàng)。7.Many a person up setting off firecrackers

16、 because of heavy smog.A.is givenB.has givenC.are givenD.have given答案:B解析:manyaperson做主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)。giveup表示“放棄”,與主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故選B項(xiàng)。8.Excuse me, Im afraid you cant sit here.This table is reserved.A.butB.andC.soD.for答案:A解析:Excuseme/Imsorry后面常跟but.引出真正要說的事情。9.Thenewmachine,ifproperly,willworkatleast

17、tenyears.A.useB.usingC.beingusedD.used答案:D解析:if是連接詞,表示“如果”,后面是省略句。use與主語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用used。10.youaretravellingnearorfar,wevegottipsonsavingmoneyandpackingsmartly.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhetherD.If答案:C解析:句意:無論你是近距離旅行還是遠(yuǎn)距離旅行,我們都有關(guān)于省錢和快速打包的竅門。根據(jù)句中的“or”可知,此處是whether.or.連接的讓步狀語從句。11.Jenny,willyouleavenow?No.Itwillbetw

18、oweeksIleavehere.A.whileB.sinceC.beforeD.when答案:C解析:句意:珍妮,你現(xiàn)在走嗎?不,我過兩周才離開這兒。“Itwillbe+時(shí)間段+before.”是固定句型,意為“過才,在之后才”。12.Youcanneverplaycomputergamesyouhavepassedthetest.A.whenB.becauseC.ifD.unless答案:D解析:句意:如果你沒有通過那次考試,那么你絕不能玩電腦游戲。unless相當(dāng)于if.not,意為“除非,如果不”,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,符合句意。13.Thesedrugsworkbestonlyafter

19、theyreachexpertscalladesiredlevelinthebody.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which答案:C解析:句意:這些藥只有達(dá)到專家們所稱的一種理想的水平后才能在身體中發(fā)揮最佳藥效。因?yàn)閺木渲械腸all后接雙賓語,因此這里用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。14.Weallagreedthatthewayhethoughtoftosolvetheproblemwasimpractical.A.inwhichB.whichC.whatD.where答案:B解析:句意:我們都認(rèn)為他想出來的解決這個(gè)問題的方法是不實(shí)際的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞是the

20、way,所以此處可用關(guān)系代詞which或that,也可不填。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知選which。15.BarbieflureferstothetrendyoungwomendramaticallychangetheirappearancetomakethemselveslooklikehumanBarbiedolls.A.whatB.whetherC.thatD.how答案:C解析:句意:芭比潮流指的是這樣一種趨勢(shì)年輕的女士大幅度地改變她們的外表,以使自己看起來像真人版的芭比娃娃。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空后是一個(gè)同位語從句,解釋名詞thetrend的內(nèi)容,從句成分和意義完整,故用that來引導(dǎo)。三、C組1.

21、(2017天津和平區(qū)二模,4)A childs behavior is most easily influenced by his parents.True.Thats we should set a good example to our kids.A.whyB.whenC.whetherD.where答案:A解析:句意:一個(gè)孩子的行為很容易受到其父母的影響。說得對(duì)。這就是為什么我們要給我們的孩子樹立一個(gè)好的榜樣。此處用why引導(dǎo)表語從句,表示原因。2.(2017天津和平區(qū)二模,12)The girl thought her boyfriend had bought her a neckla

22、ce of great value in fact it was made of glass.A.whenB.whileC.thatD.as答案:B解析:句意:這個(gè)女孩以為她的男朋友給她買了一條很貴重的項(xiàng)鏈,然而事實(shí)上那條項(xiàng)鏈?zhǔn)遣Ａё龅?。空格處前后表示?duì)比,故用while。3.(2017天津河西區(qū)三模,10)Im looking forward to the exam,strange it may seem.A.whileB.althoughC.asD.yet答案:C解析:句意:奇怪的是,我很期待考試。此處為倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),某些讓步狀語從句要倒裝,此處從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成Althoughitmayseems

23、trange,意為“盡管看起來離奇”。此類結(jié)構(gòu)一般為:名詞/形容詞/動(dòng)詞+as+主語+謂語。故選C項(xiàng)。4.,Carolinacouldntgetthedooropen.A.TryasshemightB.AsshemighttryC.ShemightastryD.Mightsheastry答案:A解析:句意:盡管卡羅萊娜努力了,但是她還是不能把門打開。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)用倒裝。5.The little boy wont go to sleep his mother tells him a story.A.orB.unlessC.butD.whether答案:B解析:句意:這個(gè)小男孩不愿意睡覺

24、,除非他媽媽給他講個(gè)故事。此處用unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,表示“除非,如果不的話”。6. you have any disagreement,we will carry out the plan next week.A.UnlessB.ThoughC.However D.When答案:A解析:句意:除非你不同意,我們下一周將要執(zhí)行這個(gè)計(jì)劃。此處用Unless引導(dǎo)這個(gè)讓步狀語從句,表示“除非”。7.You can smoke here you leave a window open to let the smoke out.A.even thoughB.so thatC.as long as

25、D.in case答案:C解析:句意:只要你把窗戶敞開讓煙氣散發(fā)出去,你就可以在這里吸煙。這里用aslongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,表示“只要”。8.I dont think the price of gas will go down this week,?A.will itB.dont IC.wont itD.do I答案:A解析:“Idontthink+賓語從句”,后面跟反意疑問句時(shí),反意疑問句要與賓語從句的主語和謂語一致,而且此句為否定前移,賓語從句仍然作為否定句處理,所以要用willit。9.OnlywhenshebegantowriteGrowingUpAgainignoringher

26、mum.A.sheregrettedB.shehadregrettedC.didsheregretD.hadsheregretted答案:C解析:句意:只有當(dāng)她開始寫再次長大時(shí)她才后悔忽視了她的媽媽。only連接的時(shí)間狀語(從句)放在句首時(shí),句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝語序。動(dòng)作regret應(yīng)在began之后發(fā)生,不可用過去完成時(shí),而應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故C項(xiàng)正確。10.Itwaswhilehewasvisitinghisuncleinamountainvillagehegottheinspirationforhisnewnovel.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where答案:A解析:句意:他正

27、是在山村拜訪他叔叔時(shí),獲得了新小說的靈感。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他”,故選A項(xiàng)。11.IhavebeenlivingintheUnitedStatesfor20years,butseldomsolonelyasnow.A.haveIfeltB.IhadfeltC.IhavefeltD.hadIfelt答案:A解析:句意:我在美國生活了20年了,但是很少像現(xiàn)在這樣感到如此孤獨(dú)。否定詞seldom置于句首,句子要部分倒裝,再根據(jù)前面的“havebeenliving”可知此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選A項(xiàng)。12.IfIwereyou,Iw

28、ouldtakeiteasy;isnoneedtobenervous.A.itB.thisC.thereD.which答案:C解析:Thereisnoneedtobe/do.是固定句型,意為“沒有必要”。13.scoresoftimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.A.HavingexplainedB.HavingbeenexplainedC.ThoughitwasexplainedD.Itwasexplained答案:D解析:本句中but是并列連詞,由此可知but前后都是完整的分句。故D項(xiàng)正確。14.Maryenjoyshome-madefood,soshes

29、eldom,eatsout.A.ifneverB.ifanyC.ifeverD.ifnot答案:C解析:句意:瑪麗喜歡家常便飯,所以她如果曾在外面吃飯的話也是很少。if不和never連用;ifany“如果有一些的話”;ifever“如果曾有過的話”;ifnot“如果不這樣的話”。15.Dontstandbywhenyoucomeacrosshavedifficultyinsupportingtheirfamilybecauseofseriousillness.A.whoB.whoeverC.whicheverD.whomever答案:B解析:comeacross后面為一個(gè)賓語從句,而引導(dǎo)詞在賓語從句中做主語,強(qiáng)調(diào)“任何人”,應(yīng)用whoever。7