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,A night the earth didn’t sleep,Unit 4 Earth quakes,before the earthquake of Tangshan,,1. Imagine your home begins to shake, what will you do? 2. If there is time for you to take only one thing, what will you take? Why?,,,Talking about,A terrible earthquakes,Click the picture,,,,Wells,rose and fell, had deep cracks; smelly gas came out of it.,Chickens and pigs,were too nervous to eat.,Mice,Fish,The sky,ran out of the fields, looking for places to hide.,Jumped out of bowls and ponds.,,bright lights and the sound of planes were seen and heard.,Water pipes,cracked and burst.,People,Thought little of these events.,3. What do you think may happen before an earthquake?,,,,1976年7月28日凌晨3時(shí)42分56秒,我國(guó)河北省唐山市發(fā)生了一次7.8級(jí)強(qiáng)烈地震。這次震驚世界的“7.28“大劫難,是中國(guó)歷史上一次罕見(jiàn)的地震災(zāi)害,也是迄今400多年來(lái)世界地震。據(jù)地震專家測(cè)定，這次地震所釋放的能量為3.2×1017焦耳，相當(dāng)于1000萬(wàn)噸級(jí)核彈的爆炸力，是廣島原子彈能量的400倍。整個(gè)華北大地都在劇烈地顫動(dòng)，地震有感范圍波及全國(guó) 14個(gè)省市自治區(qū)。總面積約相當(dāng)于國(guó)土面積的1/3，其中，陸地面積約為217萬(wàn)平方公里，占全國(guó)總面積的23%。 唐山大地震，是迄今為止四百多年世界地震史上最悲慘的一頁(yè)。242,769個(gè)震亡，164,851人重傷，截癱患者3817人，失去父母的孤兒4204人，7200多家庭全家喪生。強(qiáng)烈的地震沖擊波，橫掃著唐山市的地面建筑，市區(qū)原有 1348萬(wàn)平方米的建筑，倒塌破壞面積達(dá)1311萬(wàn)平方米，破壞率達(dá)95.8%。居民住宅的破壞更為嚴(yán)重，破壞率達(dá)到 97.25%。唐山就這樣坍成了一片磚頭瓦礫、斷壁殘?jiān)?地震使鐵路和公路交通遭到嚴(yán)重破壞。京山、通坨鐵路線路204公里遭到嚴(yán)重破壞，筆直的鋼軌，大段大段地出現(xiàn)蛇形扭曲，或由于路基下沉呈波浪狀起伏，部分鐵軌扭曲折疊在一起。鐵路橋梁破壞63座，鐵路房屋倒塌73%，沿線信號(hào)、給水、電力等運(yùn)輸設(shè)備遭到嚴(yán)重破壞。地震對(duì)公路的破壞占唐山公路總里程的80%，橋梁破壞占62%。地震造成的公路路面開(kāi)裂和斷陷，裂縫最寬達(dá)1米，垂直落差達(dá)1 .6米。,,,,地震使大部分農(nóng)田水利設(shè)施被毀，農(nóng)田噴沙冒水，機(jī)井坍塌，井管折斷，水庫(kù)大壩出現(xiàn)裂縫。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，由于地震噴沙毀壞農(nóng)田 150萬(wàn)畝，占耕地總面積的 20%；損壞機(jī)井近 4萬(wàn)眼，占總數(shù)的73.04%；5座大中型水庫(kù)開(kāi)裂滑塌，240座小水庫(kù)震壞。砸死大牲畜3.6萬(wàn)頭,豬44.2萬(wàn)多頭。 地震使工業(yè)生產(chǎn)遭到嚴(yán)重破壞，震前 1000余萬(wàn)平方米工業(yè)建筑 80%倒塌或嚴(yán)重破壞，工業(yè)生產(chǎn)設(shè)備損壞率達(dá) 56%，整個(gè)城市幾乎見(jiàn)不到一座起立的煙囪，工業(yè)企業(yè)全部停產(chǎn)。 唐山地區(qū)總的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失達(dá)54.48億元。北京、天津及河北省的一些縣也遭到不同程度的損失 面對(duì)如此嚴(yán)重的災(zāi)害，黨和政府迅速采取和實(shí)施了國(guó)家級(jí)的救災(zāi)對(duì)策，實(shí)行以解放軍為主體，各專業(yè)搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)隊(duì)伍大力協(xié)同；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)救護(hù)和以鄰近的輕災(zāi)區(qū)及外省市為強(qiáng)大后方的救援體制，展開(kāi)了大規(guī)模的抗震救災(zāi)工作。,destroyed buildings and houses,The cracked ground,,-,,The hills became rivers,The destroyed bridges,The railway tracks,,,,,Destroyed houses,,,,,The loss of Tangshan Earthquake in 1976,foods and clothing for the survivors,Buses couldn’t get there, how could we help them?,urgent rescuing of the people,,Paragraph1:,Paragraph2:,Paragraph3:,,The great earthquake the city of Tangshan and shocked the people.,The government sent the army to help the survivors, bringing hope for a new life.,Before the earthquake, strange things happened, but people thought little of them / take no notice of them.,Divide this passage into three Paragraphs and write down the main idea of each Paragraph:,The army came to help them.,2. Before the earthquake the people didn’t worry because,B. The quake happened while they were sleeping.,C,E,3. Such a great number of people died because,1. The chickens didn’t eat because,B,C. They were nervous.,4. Water was needed,D. Dams and wells were useless.,D,5. The people didn’t lose hope because,E. They didn’t know the quake caused the strange events.,A,1. Join the correct parts of the sentences.,The walls of the village wells had cracks in them.,,,,,Shelters were put up for those with no homes.,Roads got huge cracks.,Brick buildings were destroyed.,The army helped the survivors.,Arrange the following in the order of the things happened during the Tangshan earthquake:,New Tangshan（1）,Did people give up?,New Tangshan（2）,,,,,New Tangshan（3）,2. What will you do if an earthquake happens?,1. How can we reduce the loss of the earthquake?,Don’t build houses along the lines where two of the earth’s plates join together.,,3) A driver should slow down the car or bus then stop driving, a passenger should catch the armrest tightly.,Discussions,2) Build houses on rock not on sand.,3) Make the houses as strong as possible.,4) Experience, forecasts and technology are very important.,If you stay indoors, you may hide under a desk or other furniture, in the corner, in a small kitchen or a toilet. It’s dangerous to jump downstairs.,2) If you stay outdoors, keep away from the electrical lines and walls, run to the open field(曠野)。,,,,,Ask and answer,Earthquakes are terrible. But we must help ourselves! Nothing in the world is impossible for a united human society!,1. Finish Ex1-3 P23 discovering useful words and expressions. 2. Surf the internet to learn more about,Homework,退出,The end,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,