專題十動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài),懷化五年中考命題規(guī)律及趨勢(shì)考綱要求1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)3.一般過去時(shí)4.一般將來時(shí)5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)年份題號(hào)選項(xiàng)設(shè)置提示詞分值一般過去時(shí)201329invent/inventing/was invented無(wú)1分現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)201662are_(sit)are1分201327eat/are eating/ateLook1分201226took/takes/are takingLook1分過去進(jìn)行時(shí)201428is walking/was walking/has playedwhen引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句主句時(shí)態(tài)1分現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)201627has been to/has gone to/went tosorry，he isnt in.1分201529change/changed/has changedsince 引導(dǎo)的主句時(shí)態(tài)1分動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是懷化中考單項(xiàng)選擇題中的高頻考點(diǎn)。語(yǔ)句設(shè)置多為一個(gè)單句，詞數(shù)在1015詞，其語(yǔ)境設(shè)置不是很靈活，大多都有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提示?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)五年中考過兩次；過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)五年中也分別考過一次；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)五年中考了三次；一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)五年中沒考過一次，為冷考點(diǎn)。此外在翻譯句子中也涉及對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)的考查，考查點(diǎn)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。預(yù)計(jì)2017年懷化中考的單項(xiàng)選擇仍會(huì)出現(xiàn)一道時(shí)態(tài)題，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考查的可能性很大。第一節(jié)時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成,懷化中考重難點(diǎn)突破【滿分點(diǎn)撥】1動(dòng)詞的五種基本形式變化表英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有五種基本形式，即動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)(現(xiàn)在式)、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。形式構(gòu)成例詞動(dòng)詞原形沒有經(jīng)過任何變形，就是詞典中一般給出的形式be，do，have，come第三人稱單數(shù)一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加sworkworksreadreads以s，o，x，z，sh，ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，后加esgogoeswashwashes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加esflyfliesstudystudies續(xù)表形式構(gòu)成例詞過去式與過去分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加edworkworkedstaystayed在以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后只加dcloseclosedlikeliked以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加edstudystudiedcarrycarried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫此輔音字母再加edstopstoppedplanplanned續(xù)表形式構(gòu)成例詞現(xiàn)在分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加ingsleepsleepingwaitwaiting以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加ingsmilesmilingmovemoving以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫此輔音字母再加ingsitsittingdigdiggingplanplanning少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y，再加ingdiedyinglielying常見的短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：短暫性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have closed/openedhave been closed/openhave diedhave been deadhave lefthave been awayhave begun/startedhave been on續(xù)表短暫性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have finished/endedhave been overhave becomehave beenhave borrowedhave kepthave boughthave hadhave joinedhave been a member of/have been inhave left sp.have been away from sp.have fallen asleephave been asleephave put onhave wornhave caught/got a coldhave had a coldhave got to knowhave known2常見6種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法種類意義構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞例句備注一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作2目前的狀態(tài)3客觀真理be用am/is/are；主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，作謂語(yǔ)的行為動(dòng)詞詞尾加s/es；其他人稱和數(shù)用動(dòng)詞原形often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，on Sundays，every week/month/year(every系列)He usually leaves for school at 7 in the morning.他經(jīng)常早上7點(diǎn)去學(xué)校。The moon moves around the earth.月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。一般過去時(shí)1.過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作2過去存在的狀態(tài)be用was/were；其他動(dòng)詞用過去式j(luò)ust now，ago，in 1980，last night/week/month(last系列)，this morning，yesterday，the other day，used toWe went to the History Museum last Monday.上周一我們?nèi)チ藲v史博物館。I was busy yesterday.我昨天很忙。一般將來時(shí)1.將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作2將來存在的狀態(tài)1.助動(dòng)詞will(shall)動(dòng)詞原形2am/is/are going to動(dòng)詞原形tomorrow，from now on，soon，in the future，next year/week/month/term(next系列)I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我將在校門口見你。Ill be 15 next week.下周我就15歲了。在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)續(xù)表種類意義構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞例句備注現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作am/is/are動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞now，at present，at the moment，look，listenThe telephone is ringing.Could you answer it，please？電話響了，你可以接聽一下嗎？表示位置移動(dòng)或狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞，如：come，go，leave等詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式可表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去某一階段或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作was/were動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞at 1：00 last night，at that moment，表示過去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句I was reading when he came in.當(dāng)他進(jìn)來的時(shí)候，我正在讀書。He was always complaining about something.他總是抱怨一些事情。在復(fù)合句中，如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，那么延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，通常在when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中出現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作；對(duì)現(xiàn)在還有影響2從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)have/has動(dòng)詞的過去分詞yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since 1996，for ten yearsHe has only been to the Great Wall once.他去過長(zhǎng)城一次。I have been in the Youth Volunteers for five years.我來到青年志愿者有五年了。1.since后面的從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2.短暫性動(dòng)詞不與一段時(shí)間連用。如果要與一般時(shí)間連用必須換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(見上表)【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】一、詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用1Grandma usually _wakes_up_ early in the morning.(醒來)2When we _compare_(比較) Western culture with Chinese culture，youll find many differences.3That company _provided_ (提供) us with 3，000 dollars in 2012.4The thief stole_ (steal) food from the supermarket and was caught by the policemen.5The wind _swept_away_ (sweep away) the clouds and the sky was clear.6We still dont know when your friend _will_come_ (come) here.7I overslept this morning.By the time I got to the train station，the train _had_left_(leave)8I _was_reading_ (read) a novel last night when I heard knocks at the door.二、單項(xiàng)選擇( C )9.(2016張家界中考)_you ever_the history museum，Paul?No，I havent.ADo；visitBDid；visitCHave；visited( A )10.(2016泉州中考)Have you watched the new movie Kung Fu Panda 3，Kelly?Not yet.I_it with my classmate tonight.Awill watch Bwas watchingChave watched( B )11.(2016永州中考)What are you doing now?I_to the music.Ais listening Bam listeningCwas listening( A )12.(2016長(zhǎng)沙中考)I think Ill take a bus to the meeting.The bus？If you_，youll be late.AdoBhave doneCwill do( C )13.(2016長(zhǎng)沙中考)Your coat fits you well.Thank you.I_it when I was on vacation.Ahave boughtBbuyCbought( A )14.(2016常德中考)What were you doing when I phoned you yesterday evening?I_my homework.Awas doing Bhave done Cdid