,賓語(yǔ)從句 The Object Clause,什么是賓語(yǔ),I like my teacher.（名詞作賓語(yǔ)) I enjoy playing basketball.(動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)） I decide to study hard.（不定式作賓語(yǔ)） I know him .（代詞作賓語(yǔ)）,賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，是動(dòng)作的承受者。 賓語(yǔ)由名詞、代詞、不定式 或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語(yǔ)來(lái)?yè)?dān)任。,我們 知道 姚明 We know Yao Ming,我們 知道 他是一個(gè)著名的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員 We know,賓語(yǔ)從句就是由一個(gè)句子來(lái)構(gòu)成主句的賓語(yǔ)，并有一個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)。,一 什么 是賓語(yǔ)從句？,賓o,賓o,主s,謂v,he is a famous basketball player,that,連接詞,我們 知道 他是一個(gè)著名的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員,謂v,主s,賓語(yǔ)從句三要點(diǎn),一、語(yǔ)序 二、引導(dǎo)詞 三、時(shí)態(tài),有哪些句子可以做賓語(yǔ)？,1.陳述句 He is a famous basketball player. 2.一般疑問(wèn)句 Will our teachers attend the meeting ？ 3.特殊疑問(wèn)句 which coat did you prefer?,My name is My favorite sport is I am I speak/have/like I can play,Are you? Can you play? Do you do? Where are you? What can you do? How do you do?,陳 述 句,-,-,一般 疑問(wèn) 句,特殊 疑問(wèn) 句,結(jié)構(gòu)比較,陳述句,一般 疑問(wèn) 句,特殊 疑問(wèn) 句,_+ _ + _,結(jié)構(gòu)比較,be,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),_ + _ + _,.,主語(yǔ),?,_ +_+ _,特殊 疑問(wèn)詞,一般 疑問(wèn)句,?,?,_ + _ + _,主語(yǔ),?,_ +_ + _,主語(yǔ),結(jié)論:陳述句和疑問(wèn)句最本質(zhì)的區(qū)別是陳述句中的be動(dòng)詞, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ,助動(dòng)詞在主語(yǔ)后,而在疑問(wèn)句中,它們則在主語(yǔ)前,句子的兩種語(yǔ)序: 1.陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)叫陳述語(yǔ)序 賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序 2 疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)叫疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序,將下列句子改成陳述句語(yǔ)序： 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here.,It is on Fifth Avenue.,They are doing homework.,4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a uniform?,She works in a hospital .,I went to Center Park .,We have to wear a uniform.,They can wear hats in school .,7.Can they wear hats in school?,8.Wheres your pen pal from? 9.Where does he live? 10.What language does she speak? 11.Why do you like pandas?,Where your pen pal is from,Where he lives,What language she speaks,Why you like pandas?,1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。That只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.,賓語(yǔ)從句的類(lèi)型,練一練,1.This is a book. 2.You like singing. 3.He worked last night. 4.They will go home. 5.Jim has been to Beijing. 6.She sings well.,用以下開(kāi)頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句: 1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend ,（that）,一般疑問(wèn)句做賓語(yǔ),我問(wèn)他是否想去游泳,1, 改為陳述句語(yǔ)氣， 2，用if/whether連接,I ask,Does he want to go swim?,he wants to go swim,If/whether,I ask,2. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,練一練,1.Is he reading ? 2.Do you get up at six? 3.Does Tom work hard? 4.Did you watch TV ? 5.Will they read books ? 6.Can you sing ?,用以下開(kāi)頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks ,if/whether,特殊疑問(wèn)句做賓語(yǔ),Which coat did you like best?,I wonder which coat you like best.,用疑問(wèn)引導(dǎo)，改為陳述語(yǔ)氣。,我想知道你最喜歡哪一條領(lǐng)帶？,Which tie do you like best,特殊疑問(wèn)句變成 陳述語(yǔ)序 連接詞就是疑問(wèn)詞本身,I wonder,I wonder,ATTENTION,which tie you like best?,3. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。 例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.,練一練,What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下開(kāi)頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me 4. The man asked ,1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來(lái)使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。 e.g I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . I hear ( that ) he is interested in English .,賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)的變化,四.賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化,填一填,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。 （需要性原則）,2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。 e.g He said ( that ) he would go to Xian . He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday . He said ( that ) he was reading a book . He said ( that ) he had had supper already . 3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . The PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health .,2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）,1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,1) He to Hong Kong .,2) He sick. 3) He a book . 4) He,辨一辨,would go,was,was reading,his work.,had finished,確定從句的時(shí)態(tài)(根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)),主句時(shí)態(tài),從 句 時(shí) 態(tài),連 接 前,連 接 后,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)保持不變,一般過(guò)去時(shí),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí),一般將來(lái)時(shí),過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句三要素,that（陳述句 ）,ifwhether（一般疑問(wèn)句 ）,特殊疑問(wèn)詞（特殊疑問(wèn)句),主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)序,賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序都為陳述句語(yǔ)序,客觀真理 自然現(xiàn)象 公式定理 名言警句 時(shí)態(tài)不變,七.本課小結(jié),.Find out the mistakes and correct them. 1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student. 3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is?,找錯(cuò)誤,was,is,whose,II.改錯(cuò)：,1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.,_,Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.,2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east.,_,Father told me the sun always rises in the east.,3.He doesnt know that when she can come back.,_,He doesnt know when she can come back.,直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系,三、人稱(chēng)的變化 1. 從句的主語(yǔ)如果是第一人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句則與主句的主語(yǔ)一致；如果是第二人稱(chēng)，則與主句的賓語(yǔ)一致；如果是第三人稱(chēng)，不用變化。如： “I was born in Zhangjiajie.”He said. He said that he was born in Zhangjiajie . “You must give me my pen.” he told me -He told me that I must give him his pen. “They go to the park.”she said. -She said that they went to the park.,一隨主二隨賓第三人稱(chēng)不變化,直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系,三、標(biāo)點(diǎn)的使用 2. 賓語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號(hào)；主句是疑問(wèn)句，用問(wèn)號(hào)。 “Who are you ?”Can you tell me ? Can you tell me who you are ? “His sister goes to the park .”he said. -He said that his sister went to the park .,將下列句子合并為一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me? 9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? 10. “Where is Tom?” They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,Jim asked if he was doing his homework.,“Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? 2. “Where is Tom?” They asked. 3. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number. Do you know？Where does he live？ Do you know where he lives？,Would you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,將下列句子合并為一句: 1. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 2. “I will come back.” Tom said. 3. “I can finish my work before supper.” He said. He said that he could finish his work before supper .,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系,一般疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閕f (whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,She asked, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ” “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked.,She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper.,He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall.,如果從句是一般疑問(wèn)句，引導(dǎo)詞用if/whether； 語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序。,1. What did Mike say? He said _. A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring 2. Let me tell you _. A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car 3. Peter knew _. A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris,4. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 5. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen 6.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday. A. why did he get C.why does he get B.why he gets D. why he got,練一練,( )1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived ( )2. Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where would he play football C. if had he seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game ( ) 3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which ( )4. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is,D,D,B,D,( ) 5. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave ( ) 6.-We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from ( ) 7. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did ( ) 8. Could you tell me _ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. which,B,C,C,C,1. I hear (that) _. (一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái)）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)）,the earth moves around the sun,2. He said (that) _. (他非常想念我們）,完成句子,4. I want to know _ _. (他是否跟我們一起去公園),if (whether) he will go to the park with us,55. Ask him _. (他是否能來(lái)),whether (if) he can come,6. Please tell me _ _. (我們將什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì)) 7. Can you tell me _. (他在哪兒) 8. Could you tell me _ _. (我該怎么去車(chē)站),when well have a meeting,where he is,how I can get to the station,由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,注意一下情況只用whether，不用if。,1. whether引導(dǎo)的從句常可以與連詞or或or not直接連用。如： Let me know whether you can come or not. Let me know if you can come or not. 2. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句提到句首時(shí)，只能用whether引導(dǎo)。如： Whether it is true or not, I cant tell. If it is true or not, I cant tell.,3. whether可以引導(dǎo)帶to的不定式。如： I dont know whether to accept or refuse. I dont know if to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引導(dǎo)的成分可放于介詞之后，作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. I worry about if I hurt her feelings.,If 與whether 的區(qū)別,I dont know _ he will come or not. I dont care of _ he is handsome. He wondered _ to stay here the next week. _ he will come is not decided.,與or not 連用只能用whether,介詞后只能用whether,與to do 不定式連用只能用whether,作主語(yǔ)只能用whether,1. What did Mike say? He said _. A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring 2. Let me tell you _. A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car 3. Peter knew _. A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris,4. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 5. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen 6.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday. A. why did he get C.why does he get B.why he gets D. why he got,7. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter 8. He asked his father _. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen 9. No one tells us_, so we need your help. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it,10. Could you please teach me _ the computer. A. how check C. how to check B. to check D. to how checking 11. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea. A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought,Do you know _? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live 2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do,C,B,鞏固練習(xí)：,I從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。,4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _? what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily,C,3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada. what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here,C,5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.,A. took B. take C. takes D. will take,6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.,A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled,A,C,Thank you!,