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專題 52 提綱類書面表達(dá)（三） 關(guān)鍵詞：提綱類,漢語提示,書面表達(dá) 難度系數(shù)：???? 推薦指數(shù)：????? 【基礎(chǔ)回顧】 考點(diǎn)歸納： 提綱作文是高考英語書面表達(dá)的熱點(diǎn)題型。命題者通常把提綱作文與其他常用文體形式(如書信、報(bào)道、通知、日記等)有機(jī)結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行考查，使該類書面表達(dá)試題綜合性越來越強(qiáng)。 基礎(chǔ)必讀： 高分策略 高考范文中復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)： 1.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) With English words getting popular in both media and daily life,a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of them,leavingthepublic divided into two opposing groups: “For” and “Against.” 【2014江蘇卷】 隨著英語詞匯在媒體和日常生活中變得越來越普遍，漢語字典收錄了239個(gè)新英語詞匯，致使公眾對(duì)此產(chǎn)生了贊成和反對(duì)的兩派。 2.分詞和從句并用 Given the choice,I would make donations to those who still live under the bottom line of the modern living condition. 【2014廣東卷】 如果有機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)捐助那些仍然生活在現(xiàn)代生活底層的人們。 I am really proud of this experience, because it helps me realise that we all can fulfill our potential and achieve our goals through hard work, it also helps me better understand the proverb "Practice makes perfect".【2013?浙江卷】 我真的以這次經(jīng)歷而感到自豪，因?yàn)樗粌H幫助我認(rèn)識(shí)到了我們都能通過我們的努力挖掘出我們的潛能并實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的目標(biāo)，它還幫助我更好地理解了“熟能生巧”這個(gè)諺語。 In our life we may meet many failures, as long as we try our best, there’s no need feeling regret for these failures. 【2013湖南卷】在我們的生活中，我們可能會(huì)遇到許多失敗，只要我們努力了，我們沒有必要為那些失敗而后悔。 Generally speaking , we are busy reviewing and preparing for it the moment we enter senior three ,which is considered a vital period . 【2014四川卷】 一般地說，我們一進(jìn)入高三就忙于復(fù)習(xí)和為高考做準(zhǔn)備，這被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵階段。 3.虛擬語氣和從句并用 How I wish I would read and reply your email as soon as I received it.【2013山東卷】 我多么希望我一收到你的郵件就閱讀并回復(fù)它啊。 4.多層從句 1.If we want to improve our study, we should repeat what the teachers taught us again and again, and then we can understand or remember the knowledge which the teachers demand us to master.【2013四川卷】如果我們想提高我們的學(xué)習(xí)，我們應(yīng)該一遍又一遍地重復(fù)老師給我們講的內(nèi)容，而后我們才能理解或記住老師要求我們掌握的知識(shí)。 2.I must confess we young generation must realize that our parents care for us as well as hoping to share what we have been doing with them.（confess后整體是一個(gè)賓語從句，這個(gè)賓語從句中又包含一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，在that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中又包含what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）【2013重慶卷】 我必須坦白地承認(rèn)，我們年輕人必須意識(shí)到我們的父母不僅關(guān)心我們而且希望我們和他們分享我們?cè)谧龅氖隆? 【技能方法】 基本解題步驟： ①審題：觀察判斷要寫文章的類型和特點(diǎn)； ②抓點(diǎn)：要點(diǎn)就是高考評(píng)分的給分點(diǎn)或者扣分點(diǎn)。要求能在提綱的提示下用簡(jiǎn)單詞語寫出所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。這樣做可以防止要點(diǎn)遺漏或者過分發(fā)揮； ③定調(diào)：即確定體裁與題材，確定格式、人稱、時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)、人稱口吻、順序段落、開頭和結(jié)尾。然后將要點(diǎn)擴(kuò)展成句； ④成文：連句成文。正確使用過渡詞，使行文流暢。并注意段與段的銜接； ⑤修改：看看是否有要點(diǎn)遺漏，字?jǐn)?shù)是否符合要求，人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一致等方面的錯(cuò)誤，以便及時(shí)修改； ⑥謄寫：修改無誤后，認(rèn)真規(guī)范地謄寫在規(guī)定的地方。 【基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)】 假定你是李華，正在新西蘭學(xué)習(xí)，你計(jì)劃寒假期間在當(dāng)?shù)芈眯?，?qǐng)寫一封e-mail向旅行社詢問相關(guān)的旅行信息。 內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括： 1．旅行信息（如景點(diǎn)等）； 2．當(dāng)?shù)靥厣ㄈ缡称返龋? 3．注意事項(xiàng)。 注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．開頭語已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student, studying in New Zealand. I’m writing to _______________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely yours, Li Hua 【答案】 One possible version: Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua, a Chinese student, studying in New Zealand. I’m writing to ask for information aboutyour agency’s New Zealand’s travel for the winter vacation. My friend and I plan to travel in the country. Could you tell me the departure time and traveling routes? As we know, New Zealand is famous for its beautiful scenery and places of interest and I want to know more details about these. Besides, I am also interested in the local food there. How much do I have to pay for the travel? At length, are there other things I should be aware of? I would be grateful to receive a replyat your earliest convenience. Sincerely Yours, Li Hua 【亮點(diǎn)說明】文中使用了非常好的短語和句子比如ask for information；As we know, New Zealand is famous for its beautiful scenery and places of interest；At length, are there other things I should be aware of?和 I would be grateful to receive a replyat your earliest convenience. 為文章增色不少。 【能力提升】 【湖北省華中師范大學(xué)第一附屬中學(xué)2017屆高三上學(xué)期期中考試】書面表達(dá)（滿分25分） 你們班計(jì)劃在下周一下午4:00—5:00在本班教室舉行一次題為“I Have a Dream”的英語演講比賽（English speech contest），假定你是班長(zhǎng)李華，請(qǐng)給你們外籍教師Lucy寫封書面邀請(qǐng)函，請(qǐng)她擔(dān)任評(píng)委，對(duì)演講作簡(jiǎn)要點(diǎn)評(píng)，并對(duì)獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哳C發(fā)證書（certificate）。 注意：1，詞數(shù)100左右；2，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。3，開頭結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Lucy, ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Lucy, In order to promote students interest inspeaking English, our class plans to hold an English Speech contest entitiled "I Have a Dream" in our classroom next Monday afternoon. As our foreign English teacher, we all agree you are the right person to be invited to be the judge. The contest is scheduled from 4:00 to 5:00pm, during which time six contestants will compete in turn. At the end of the contest, you will also be invited to make a brief comment on the contestants performance as well as issue the certificates to the winners. Thank your very much for the favour youll do to us. Looking forward to your coming. Yours Li Hua 【亮點(diǎn)說明】本文是一篇英語要邀請(qǐng)函。內(nèi)容齊全，語句通順，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，使用高級(jí)句子。In order to promote students interest inspeaking English,動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語；we all agree you are the right person to be invited to be the judge.省略that的賓語從句；The contest is scheduled from 4:00 to 5:00pm, during which time six contestants will compete in turn.被動(dòng)語態(tài)和非限制性定語從句完美結(jié)合；另外，As our foreign English teacher, At the end of the contest,的運(yùn)用為文章增色添彩。 考點(diǎn)：考查話題作文 【終極闖關(guān)】 假設(shè)你是高中生李華，你校校園網(wǎng)招收英文網(wǎng)絡(luò)編輯（web editor）,請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示，用英語向外籍主編Chris 申請(qǐng)這一職位。要點(diǎn)包括： 1. 關(guān)心時(shí)事，對(duì)新聞工作感興趣； 2. 有做?？浾叩墓ぷ鹘?jīng)歷； 3. 擅長(zhǎng)英語，曾獲校英語寫作大賽一等獎(jiǎng)。 注意： 1. 詞數(shù)不少于100； 2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； Dear Chris, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, I’m writing to apply to be a web editor, which I saw advertised on our school website. I would like to work for you because I care a lot about current affairs and take great interest in journalism. I think I can do the job well due to my language skills. I’m good at English. Once I got the first prize in the English Writing Competition in our school. In addition, I worked as a reporter for our school newspaper last year, which will surely help me do the job better. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Li Hu 【亮點(diǎn)說明】 本文是一封求職信，要點(diǎn)齊全，結(jié)構(gòu)合理，文中使用高級(jí)句子，which I saw advertised on our school website，這是非限制性的定語從句。運(yùn)用了原因狀語從句，because I care a lot about current affairs and take great interest in journalism。連接詞的使用也非常合理，In addition 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 書面表達(dá)寫作步驟： 書面表達(dá)一般分為三個(gè)過程：思維、組織、表達(dá)。先是思維，審題想清要用的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)及文章結(jié)構(gòu)，把要寫的東西在腦中 思考，要對(duì)所給材料進(jìn)行組織，把這些思維作出整理，使其條理、系統(tǒng)化，但這還是較粗糙的，可能還有一些用詞不當(dāng)或語言錯(cuò)誤；最后才是表達(dá)，把組織過的材料仔細(xì)推敲，確定無問題了再落筆成文。在撰寫時(shí)要注意主謂一 致，時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，用詞貼切等。上述三個(gè)過程，最難的是第三個(gè)過程，需 要我們有較好的語法知識(shí)，掌握一定數(shù)量的句型，習(xí)慣用語，熟練的寫作技巧，這樣才能寫 出通順生動(dòng)的文章來?？傊?，要提高英語寫作水平，需要兩方面的訓(xùn)練：一是語言基礎(chǔ)方面的訓(xùn)練，要有扎實(shí) 的造句、翻譯等基本功，即用詞法、句法等知識(shí)造出正確無誤的句子；二是寫作知識(shí)和能力方面的訓(xùn)練以掌握寫作方面的基本方法和技巧。平時(shí)要多分析范文，多讀多背誦，學(xué)會(huì)恰當(dāng)?shù)匾煤团囵B(yǎng)自己的語感。 考點(diǎn)：應(yīng)用文寫作