專題十 動詞的時態(tài),河北中考五年命題規(guī)律及趨勢 考綱要求1.現(xiàn)在進行時 2.一般現(xiàn)在時 3.一般過去時 4.一般將來時 5.過去進行時 6.現(xiàn)在完成時時態(tài)年份題號選項設(shè)置提示詞分值一般現(xiàn)在時201633wears/wore/has worn/was wearingwhen he reads1分201536wins/won/will win/has wonevery time1分201335arrives/arrived/is arriving/will arriveas soon as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則1分一般過去時201632leave/left/will leave/was leaving無1分201440comes/came/is coming/was coming無1分201337left/leaves/is leaving/was leaving無1分201241do；get/did；get/will；get/have；got無1分一般將來時201635see/saw/has seen/will_see無1分201531go to/went to/have gone to/am_going_to無1分201439talk/talked/will_talk/have talkedthis afternoon1分201333go/went/will_go/was going無1分現(xiàn)在進行時201534will become/became/is_becoming/was becomingthese years 1分201437knocks/knocked/is_knocking/was knocking無1分201336will drive/are_driving/were driving/have driven無1分過去進行時201537sits/sat/is sitting/was_sitting無1分201444interviews/interviewed/has interviewed/was_interviewing無1分201345have enjoyed/will enjoy/are enjoying/were_enjoyingall night1分201243will shop/am shopping/was_shopping/have shoppedthis morning1分現(xiàn)在完成時201636will get/has_got/is getting/was getting無1分201532finds/found/has_found/will find無1分201442pass/have_passed/will pass/are passing無1分201343dont watch/wont watch/havent_watched/wasnt watching無1分201240received/will receive/was receiving/has_received無1分 動詞的時態(tài)是河北中考單項選擇題中的高頻考點。語句設(shè)置多為兩個單句，詞數(shù)在1015，其語境設(shè)置靈活，大多沒有明顯的時間狀語提示，需要分析另一語句的語境和時態(tài)來判斷動作的先后順序，淡化了古板的依賴時間狀語提示來判定時態(tài)的考查方式?，F(xiàn)在完成時為每年必考的時態(tài)，過去進行時、一般過去時、一般將來時為?？键c。一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時為輪考點。對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查也會和“主將從現(xiàn)”相結(jié)合，如2013年的35題對as soon as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則的考查。此外，詞語運用和連詞成句也涉及對時態(tài)的考查，考查點主要為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。預(yù)測2017年河北中考的單項選擇仍會出現(xiàn)至少3道時態(tài)題，其中現(xiàn)在完成時是必考點，一般過去時和一般將來時考查的可能性很大。第一節(jié) 時態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成,河北中考重難點突破【滿分點撥】1動詞的五種基本形式變化表英語動詞有五種基本形式，即：動詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)(現(xiàn)在式)、過去時、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。形式構(gòu)成例詞動詞原形沒有經(jīng)過任何變形，就是詞典中一般給出的形式be，do，have，come第三人稱單數(shù)一般在動詞原形后直接加sworkworksreadreads以s，o，x，z，sh，ch結(jié)尾的動詞，后加esgogoeswashwashes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加esflyfliesstudystudies過去式與過去分詞一般在動詞原形后直接加edworkworkedstaystayed在以e結(jié)尾的動詞后只加dcloseclosedlikeliked以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加edstudystudiedcarrycarried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫此輔音字母再加edstopstoppedplanplanned 續(xù)表形式構(gòu)成例詞現(xiàn)在分詞一般在動詞原形后直接加ingsleepsleepingwaitwaiting以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞，去e再加ingsmilesmilingmovemoving以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫此輔音字母再加ingsitsittingdigdiggingplanplanning少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動詞，變ie為y，再加ingdiedyinglielying常見的短暫性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：短暫性動詞延續(xù)性動詞have closed/openedhave been closed/openhave diedhave been deadhave lefthave been awayhave begun/startedhave been onhave finished/endedhave been overhave becomehave beenhave borrowedhave kepthave boughthave hadhave joinedhave been a member of/have been inhave left sp.have been away from sp.have fallen asleephave been asleephave put onhave wornhave caught/got a coldhave had a coldhave got to knowhave known2.常見6種時態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法河北中考對于一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進行時、一般將來時、過去進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時都有考查，須掌握這些時態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成和功能。 種類意義構(gòu)成特點時間標(biāo)志詞例句備注一般現(xiàn)在時1.現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動作；2目前的狀態(tài)；3客觀真理be用am/is/are；主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，作謂語的行為動詞詞尾加s/es；其他人稱和數(shù)用動詞原形。often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，on Sundays，every week/month/year(every系列)He usually leaves for school at 7 in the morning.他經(jīng)常早上7點去學(xué)校。The moon moves around the earth.月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。一般過去時1.過去發(fā)生的動作；2過去存在的狀態(tài)be用was/were；其他動詞用過去式j(luò)ust now， ago，in 1980，last night/week/month(last系列)，this morning，yesterday，the other day，used toWe went to the History Museum last Monday.上周一我們?nèi)チ藲v史博物館。I was busy yesterday.我昨天很忙。一般將來時1.將來發(fā)生的動作；2將來存在的狀態(tài)1.助動詞will(shall)動詞原形2am/is/are going to動詞原形tomorrow，from now on，soon，in the future，next year/week/month/term(next系列)I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我將在校門口見你。Ill be 15 next week.下周我就15歲了。在時間和條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時?，F(xiàn)在進行時說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作am/is/are動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞now，at present，at the moment，look，listenThe telephone is ringing.Could you answer it，please？電話響了，你可以接聽一下嗎？表示位置移動或狀態(tài)變化的動詞，如：come，go，leave等詞的現(xiàn)在進行時形式可表示將要發(fā)生的動作。過去進行時過去某一階段或某一時刻正在進行的動作was/were動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞at 1：00 last night，at that moment，表示過去時間的狀語從句I was reading when he came in.當(dāng)他進來的時候，我正在讀書。He was always complaining about something.他總是抱怨一些事情。在復(fù)合句中，如果兩個動作同時發(fā)生，那么延續(xù)性動詞用過去進行時，短暫性動詞用一般過去時，通常在when或while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中出現(xiàn)?，F(xiàn)在完成時1.到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動作；對現(xiàn)在還有影響；2從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)have/has動詞的過去分詞yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since 1996，for ten yearsHe has only been to the Great Wall once.他去過長城一次。I have been in the Youth Volunteers for five years.我來到青年志愿者有五年了。1.since后面的從句用一般過去時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時；2.短暫性動詞不與一段時間連用。如果要與一段時間連用必須換成延續(xù)性動詞。(見上表) 【考點搶測】一、單項選擇( B )1.(2016保定調(diào)研)Dont worry.You _ enough time to finish this task.Ahad Bwill haveCgave Dwill give( A )2.(2016保定調(diào)研)Nobody _ TV.Lets turn it off.Awatches BwatchedCis watching Dwas watching( C )3.(2016石家莊43中模擬)I dont know when he _But when he _，please tell me so that I will wait for him at the bus stop.Awill come；will comeBcomes；comesCwill come；comesDcomes；will come( C )4.(2016路南區(qū)質(zhì)檢一)We are glad to hear that the Greens _ to a new flat next week.Amove BmovedCwill move Dhave moved( D )5.(2016路南區(qū)質(zhì)檢一)Amy，I called you yesterday evening，but nobody answered the phone.Oh，I _ a walk with my mother at that time.Atake BtookCam taking Dwas taking( C )6.(2016路南區(qū)質(zhì)檢一)Now my father _ his bike to work every day instead of driving.Aride BrodeCrides Dwill ride( B )7.(2016石家莊質(zhì)檢二)Mom，I _ up.Could I make decisions for myself?Of course you can，Dear.But you still need my help.Agrow Bhave grownCam growing up Dgrew( D )8.(2016石家莊質(zhì)檢二)Tina usually _ up late at night.It is a bad habit.Ais staying Bwill stayCstayed Dstays( A )9.(2016石家莊質(zhì)檢二)Guys，we _ class.Please dont make any noise.Aare having Bwere havingChad Dhave had( B )10.(2016邯鄲升學(xué)一模)You can catch up with others as long as you _ hard.Awill work BworkChave worked Dworked二、連詞成句11(2016河北三模)Mrs.Lee，ago，teach，English，us，five years_Mrs._Lee_taught_us_English_five_years_ago_12(2016河北升學(xué)四模)a，school，mother，in，teach，English_Mother_teaches_English_in_a_school_13(2016河北升學(xué)一模)beautiful，have，voice，Kelly，a_Kelly_has_a_beautiful_voice_14(2016河北升學(xué)一模)wallet，my，dad，I，for，last year，a，buy，his birthday_I_bought_my_dad_a_wallet_for_his_birthday_last_year_15(2016河北升學(xué)二模)he，how，exercise，do，often_How_often_does_he_exercise_？16(2016河北升學(xué)二模)last，we，many，visit，summer，places_We_visited_many_places_last_summer_17(2016路北區(qū)九年級三模)game，night，you，the，at，watch，last，8：00，be_Were_you_watching_the_game_at_8：00_last_night_？18(2016路南區(qū)九年級二模)hometown，since，change，my，a lot，1980，have_My_hometown_has_changed_a_lot_since_1980_