定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)一. 定語(yǔ)從句的相關(guān)概念: 1. 定語(yǔ)從句，在句子中起定語(yǔ)作用，修飾_或_，有時(shí)可修飾_。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫_。核心要素: 先行詞, 關(guān)系詞 定語(yǔ)從句可分為_(kāi)定語(yǔ)從句和_定語(yǔ)從句兩種。 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有兩種：關(guān)系代詞：_ 等關(guān)系副詞：_ 等區(qū)分如下句子中，哪些是定語(yǔ)從句，若為定語(yǔ)從句，則用橫線劃出先行詞，并圈出相應(yīng)的連接詞：1. If a book is in English, that means slow progress for you. 2. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which allows them to communicate freely with each other. 3. We will never forget the days that we spent together last year.4. The prize will go to the writerwhose story shows the most imagination. 5. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of which has taken more than three years. 6. The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 7. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 8. As is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.二定語(yǔ)從句的難點(diǎn)：定語(yǔ)從句/名詞性從句 定語(yǔ)從句/狀語(yǔ)從句 定語(yǔ)從句/強(qiáng)調(diào)句1The fact _ the earth moves around the sun was once questioned by people. The fact_ he mentioned in the meeting was indeed ignored by people. A that B which C when D where 定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中是否充當(dāng)成分？ _ 名詞性從句中呢？_2You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again. You should make it a rule to leave things in the place _ you can find them again. A B which C in which D where 定語(yǔ)從句前面_先行詞，此時(shí)where=_，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句則反之。 31）It was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning. It was seven oclock _he went to school this morning. 2）Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday? It was in the hall _ the students often have a meeting. A. where B. which C. that D. when 強(qiáng)調(diào)句去“It was/isthat ”句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意完整。三定語(yǔ)從句的主要考點(diǎn)：1that /which/who 的選用 在下列情況中常用that： 先行詞是不定代詞all, few, something, anything等 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾 先行詞被all, any, every, each, some, no等修飾 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last 修飾 先行詞即有人又有物時(shí) 在以who, which 引起的問(wèn)句中，為避免重復(fù)。在下列情況中常用which: 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中 在介詞后面表物 在下列情況中常用 who: 先行詞為anyone; those; he時(shí)1) The first text _ we are to learn is very difficult.2）Those _ come to school first should open the window. 3) I am interested in everything _ I dont know.4) He changed his mind, _made us very angry5) We know nothing but the doctors and the hospitals _ you are talking about.6) The only thing _ could be done is to pray.7) He _ laughs last laughs best.8) Who is the person_ was waving his hand to you when we took a walk in the avenue?9) He took out a pistol with _ he shot at the murderer.2. which /as 的選用as常用于suchas; the sameas;asas,另as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,可放于主句前、后、中，常表“正如”。常用句式為：as is said above; as is known to all;as is often the case; as is reported等。which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，不能放于主句前，無(wú)“正如”之意。The room hasnt been cleaned for weeks,_ makes it very dirty.He was late again, _ we had expected.Here is so big a stone _no one can lift.He lost his temper again, _ is often the case.I live in the same place_ Tom does.注意：用suchas/ suchthat; the sameas/the samethat填空It is _ an interesting book _ we all like. It is such an interesting book _we all like it.suchas引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，從句_；suchthat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，從句_This is _ _ bag _ I lost yesterday. (相似物) This is _ _ bag _ I lost yesterday. (同一物)3：where 的模糊用法where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。如：1. Ive come to the point _ I cant stand him.2. The country is in the situation _a war will break out at any time.小結(jié)：當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句修飾_等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種情形下” 。4介詞+關(guān)系代詞介詞/介詞短語(yǔ)的選用主要根據(jù)三個(gè)原則: 固定搭配 根據(jù)句意 從屬關(guān)系1. She is the very person _ _ pocket I found my lost watch.2The documents _ _ they were searching have been recovered.3He referred me to some reference books _ _ I am not very familiar.4 This is our classroom,_ _ _ _ _ there is a teachers desk. 5This is the book_ _ I got the story. 6. Do you see the house, the window _ _ are all broken.注意：1) 第6句中 the window of which =_/_2) 動(dòng)詞性短語(yǔ)不可拆分時(shí)，介詞就不能提前，如:The boy whom my sister is looking after is getting better.5. 定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致問(wèn)題This is one of the books that_ required for study at school.He is the only one of the teachers who _ (know) French in our school.6in which case 等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，用抽象名詞case, point, reason, situation, time 等總結(jié)主句的內(nèi)容時(shí)，以“介詞+which+抽象名詞”構(gòu)成從句，對(duì)所提的事進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。 1The plane may be several hours late, _ _ _ theres no point in our waiting. 2. The postman comes at 6.30 in the morning,_ _ _I am usually fast asleep. 3. Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, _ _ _ he could hardly recognize her at first sight. 4. We arrived at noon, _ _ _ the demonstration was over.5. It rained all night, _ _ _ the ship broke in pieces. 四典型高考英語(yǔ)陷阱題1. This is the book that I have read _ dozens of times. But I have never read _. A. it, B. ，it C. it, it D. ，2. Is this room _ he lived in 5 years ago? Is this the room _ he lived in 5 years ago? A. that, that B. the one, the oneC. that, the one D. the one, that3. The farmhouse we paid a visit _ at the top of the hill.A. standingB. to standC. to standing D. to stands4. He has two children, and both of _ are abroad.A. them B. which C. whom D. who5. He has two children, both of _ being abroad.A. them B. which C. whom D. who6. I think this is the very work that we must finish _ her.A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped7. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which8. He likes living alone, and says that he wants to go and live in a place _ nobody knows. A. where B. that C. when D. what9. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”A. that B. which C. where D. what10. By the window sits his wife, who, dressed in black, _ like my aunt.A. look B. looking C. looked D. looks11The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains.A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were12._ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It B. As C. That D. What13. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of_ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those14. In china, the number of cities is increasing _development is recognized across the world. A. where B. which C. whose D. that15. The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.A/ B. in which C. that D. all of the above 16. He hid himself in a tree, _ he could see the enemy in the distance.A. from which B. from where C. where D. in which17The second is connected with the use _ the body makes of food.A. of whichB. whereC. to doD. that18. Is this the man _ you want to have _the radio for me? A. who; repaired B. that; repaired C. whom; repairing D. that; repair