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Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) A My wifes friend Rachel wouldnt stop complaining (抱怨)．For twenty minutes she had a series of complaints.She complained about her job.She complained about her companys new policies.She complained about the economy.Most of all, she complained about her lack of sales at work. I dont remember saying this, but Rachel likes to remind me that I finally stopped her from complaining by saying, “Rachel, will you please shut up？” Then I said, “It is really simple.You have a choice.You can accept your present job with a positive attitude and decide to do your best every day or you can find a new job in a new company.But whatever you do, stop complaining because its not doing you any good.Either change your job or change your attitude towards your job.”The conversation was over and so was our friendship, I thought, because Rachel wouldnt speak to me for a few months. Then my wife and I saw her at a party and she told me that while it didnt feel good to hear what I had said, she decided to take my advice.She stayed in her job, stopped complaining and started selling more.Three months after changing her attitude, her sales were up 30%.A year later, her sales were up 70%.Everyone in her company wanted to know how she was doing it. Rachel stopped complaining and started winning.How about you? Is complaining harming you or your team? If complaining is holding you back, I know how you feel.I used to be a complainer.Thats why I knew what Rachel needed to hear.I was in a similar situation 10 years ago.But Ive learned that when you stop complaining and take positive action, you start winning.Give it a try! 【語篇解讀】　在作者的建議下，Rachel改變態(tài)度不再抱怨，工作業(yè)績也提高了。 1．The writer wrote this passage to________. A．explain the harm of complaining B．show how proud he is of himself C．say sorry to Rachel for what he did D．encourage readers to get rid of the habit of complaining 【解析】　作者意圖題。通讀全文可知，作者主要是講不抱怨的好處，故可推斷，他主要是想鼓勵(lì)我們改變抱怨的習(xí)慣。 【答案】　D 2．Whats the writers advice to Rachel? A．To start a business of her own. B．To stop complaining in front of him. C．To stop talking to him for a few months. D．To find a new job or change her attitude towards her present job. 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“...Either change your job or change your attitude towards your job.”，可知應(yīng)選D。 【答案】　D 3．What do we learn about Rachel? A．She is very easy to deal with. B．She is the best friend of the writer. C．She has benefited from what the writer said. D．She doesnt like following other peoples advice. 【解析】　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“...she decided to take my advice.She stayed in her job, stopped complaining and started selling more.”可知，Rachel采納了作者的建議，改變了抱怨的習(xí)慣，終于把業(yè)績提上去了，故選C。 【答案】　C 4．How does the writer make his point clear? A．By telling stories of famous people. B．By referring to scientific data. C．By following the order of time. D．By giving examples. 【解析】　文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，作者主要是通過舉Rachel和他自己的例子來說明他的觀點(diǎn)的。 【答案】　D B About ten men in every hundred suffer from colour blindness in some way.Women are luckier; only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter.Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman! There are different forms of colour blindness.In some cases a man may not be able to see deep red.He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shadows of green.Sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green.In rare cases an unlucky man may see everything in shades of green―a strange world indeed. Colour blindness in human beings is a strange thing to explain.In a single eye there are millions of very small things called “cones”．These help us to see in a bright light and to tell difference between colours.There are also millions of “rods” (棒條體), but these are used for seeing when it is near dark.They show us shape but no colour. Some insects have favourite colours.Mosquitoes prefer blue to yellow.A red light will not attract insects, but a blue lamp will.In a similar way human beings also have favourite colours.Yet we are lucky.With the aid of the cones in our eyes we can see many beautiful colours by day, and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night.One day we may even learn more about the invisible colours around us. 5．The passage is mainly about ________. A．colour and its surprising effects B．women being luckier than men C．dangers caused by colour blindness D．colour blindness 【解析】　主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句話“About ten men in every hundred suffer from colour blindness in some way.”以及第二段首句“There are different forms of colour blindness.”可知，全文講述的是有關(guān)“色盲”的一些事情，故選D項(xiàng)。 【答案】　D 6．According to the passage, with the help of the “cones”， we can________. A．tell different shapes B．see in a weak light C．kill mosquitoes D．tell orange from yellow 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...called‘cones’．These help us to see in a bright light and to tell difference between colours.”可知，答案為D項(xiàng)。 【答案】　D 7．Why do some people say it is safer to be driven by women? A．Women are more careful. B．There are fewer colourblind women. C．Women are fonder of driving than men. D．Women are weaker but quicker in thinking. 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Women are luckier; only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter.”可知，答案為B項(xiàng)。 【答案】　B 8．Which of the statements about the colourblind is TRUE? A．Not all of them have the same problem in recognizing colour. B．None of them can see deep red. C．None of them can tell the difference between blue and green. D．All of them see everything in shades of green. 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句“There are different forms of colour blindness.”可知，答案為A項(xiàng)。 【答案】　A C (2016全國乙卷)I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier.Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips—of those, 51 have been abroad.I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干細(xì)胞) in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.In all，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐獻(xiàn)者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient，weve got 72 hours at most.So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence，Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the checkin desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said：“Well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for you—there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient—please, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，rerouted(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. For this courier job, youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。大家都知道，醫(yī)生是救死扶傷的典范，作者雖然不是醫(yī)生，但他的工作也與很多人的性命息息相關(guān)，大家快來讀一讀文章，了解一下他的工作吧！ 9．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1? A．provider B．delivery man C．collector D．medical doctor 【解析】　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞后的Ive done 89 trips以及．..from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor to the time they can be implanted in the patient，weve got 72 hours...可知，“我”是一個(gè)運(yùn)送干細(xì)胞的人，運(yùn)送有嚴(yán)格的時(shí)間限制，故B項(xiàng)“送貨員”與之相符合。其他三項(xiàng)的意思：provider供應(yīng)者；collector收集者，收藏家；medical doctor醫(yī)生。 【答案】　B 10．Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours? A．He cannot stay away from his job too long. B．The donor can only wait for that long. C．The operation needs that much time. D．The ice wont last any longer. 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.可知，保存干細(xì)胞的冰只能維持42個(gè)小時(shí)，所以“我”必須在這個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)送達(dá)，D項(xiàng)與之相符合。A、B、C三項(xiàng)在文中未提及。 【答案】　D 11．Which flight did the woman put Peter on first? A．To London. B．To Newark. C．To Providence. D．To Washington. 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句She arranged for a flight...for me，rerouted me through Newark and got me back to the UK...可知，她先安排“我”去了Newark，然后再轉(zhuǎn)到英國，故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】　B D Introductory Chemistry was taught at Duke University for many years by Professor Bonk.One year, two guys took the class and did pretty well on all the quizzes and midterms.They each had a solid A．These two friends were so confident in going into the final that the weekend before the final, despite the chemistry final being on Monday, they decided to go to the University of Virginia to party with some friends. They had a great time there.However, with their hangovers(宿醉)and tiredness, they overslept all day Sunday and didnt make it back to Duke until early Monday morning.Rather than taking the final then, they found Professor Bonk after the final and explained to him how they missed the final.They told him they went up to the University of Virginia for the weekend and had planned to come back in time to study, but they had a flat tire on the way back and didnt have a spare.So they were late getting back to campus. Professor Bonk thought this over and agreed that they could take the final the following day. The two guys, happy and relieved, studied that night and went into the classroom the next day at the time that Professor Bonk had told them.He placed them in separate rooms and handed each of them a test booklet.He told them to begin. They looked at the first problem which was something simple about solution (溶液)．It was worth 5 points.“Cool”，they thought，“this is going to be an easy final”．They then turned the page.They were unprepared, however, for what they saw on it.The question contained only two words：Which tire? (95 points) 【語篇解讀】　本文為一篇小故事。兩個(gè)化學(xué)成績較為出色的大學(xué)生在期末考試即將到來之際不專心復(fù)習(xí)，而是到弗吉尼亞大學(xué)與朋友聚會(huì)，結(jié)果因宿醉和疲倦返校后沒能參加考試。他們向Bonk教授撒謊說回來時(shí)汽車爆胎，Bonk教授識(shí)別出他們?cè)谌鲋e后，答應(yīng)讓他們補(bǔ)考。其中一道95分的題目是：哪個(gè)輪胎爆胎了？ 12．The two guys decided to go to the University of Virginia because________. A．they were afraid of the final B．there was a match there C．the final would be held there D．they thought they could pass the final easily 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的最后一句話可知應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。 【答案】　D 13．From the passage we know________. A．the two guys came back to campus late on purpose B．Professor Bonk wasnt strict with the two guys C．repairing the flat tire took the two guys a lot oftime D．Professor Bonk didnt believe the two guys explanation 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Bonk教授給他們兩個(gè)人出的補(bǔ)考題“哪個(gè)輪胎爆胎了？”可以看出D項(xiàng)正確。 【答案】　D 14．After the final, they________. A．may apologize to Professor Bonk B．must have the same scores C．wouldnt be confident in their chemistry D．would feel happy and relieved 【解析】　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，題目要求他們答出哪個(gè)輪胎爆胎，這是他們所沒有預(yù)料到的，說明謊言被揭穿，故應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。 【答案】　A 15．From the passage we can get a lesson that __________. A．he who makes no mistakes makes nothing B．he is wise that is honest C．one never loses anything by politeness D．think twice before you do 【解析】　主旨大意題。A項(xiàng)意為“想不犯錯(cuò)誤，就一事無成”；C項(xiàng)意為“講禮貌不吃虧”；D項(xiàng)意為“三思而后行”。B項(xiàng)意為“誠實(shí)者最明智”，可概括文章所闡明的道理。 【答案】　B Ⅱ.閱讀填句(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)?！緦?dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：91390046】 What Teenagers Can Do To Earn More Respect As teenagers continue to grow and develop into young adults, the transition(過渡) into adulthood has begun.With so many physical and emotional changes going on, certain manners are often forgotten and other adult traits are not yet accepted as a way of life.__16__ By doing the following things, you will earn more respect. 1．Contribute to the household At the very least, clean up after yourself.As a teenager, you are old enough to clean up after yourself.When you make a mess, clean it up.__17__ All chores that you do help to reduce the load of the person who did them before.Now that youre old enough and capable, why shouldnt you contribute to the household? __18__ 2．Be responsible __19__ Whether they are basic things, like brushing your teeth or doing your homework, or more involved chores that contribute to the household, simply fulfill your responsibilities on time.When adults know that they can rely on you, their trust and respect for you will increase. 3．Solve more of your own problem without asking for help Instead of taking the easy approach and asking for help, make an effort to solve your problems on your own first.The “easy way” is only easy for you, but it is an extra task for the person from whom you are seeking help.Seek help only after you have make an honest effort to solve your own problems.__20__ When you become a good problem solver, you increase your value to the community. A．Everyone has certain responsibilities. B．By being aware of these manners and traits, you can manage them sooner. C．The people doing the chores before will greatly appreciate the help. D．This includes, but is not limited to, your dishes and your room. E．It will make your life more pleasant. F．Depending on the problem, 15 minutes of effort is usually a good guideline. G．When speaking to a group, speak loud enough. 【語篇解讀】　本篇文章是關(guān)于青少年要如何贏得別人的尊敬和信任的幾點(diǎn)建議。首先要學(xué)會(huì)在家里幫忙做家務(wù)，從最簡單的洗碗疊被做起。其次，要學(xué)會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)任，哪怕是自己個(gè)人衛(wèi)生也要做好。最后，要學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立解決問題。當(dāng)把這些都做好的時(shí)候，人們對(duì)你的信任也就隨之而來了。 16．B　考查上下文的推理判斷能力。前句中出現(xiàn)的manners和traits以及后句的句式和B選項(xiàng)的句式以及句中的these manners和traits恰好呼應(yīng)，語義上也能起到承上啟下的作用，所以判斷B選項(xiàng)正確。 17．D　考查上下文的推理判斷能力。前句講你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)自己收拾衛(wèi)生，而D選項(xiàng)This includes, but is not limited to, your dishes and your room.“這包括在內(nèi)，但不能局限在收拾自己碗筷和房間上”恰好能承接上文，故D選項(xiàng)正確。 18．C　考查上下文的推理判斷能力。本段內(nèi)容是建議青少年要學(xué)會(huì)做家務(wù)活來幫助家人。所以所填句子應(yīng)該和做家務(wù)幫忙有關(guān)，而且從段落安排上看，最后一句話應(yīng)該起到總結(jié)概括作用，由此判斷C選項(xiàng)正確。句意：如果你幫忙做家務(wù)，那么平時(shí)做這種家務(wù)的人會(huì)很感激。 19．A　考查上下文的推理判斷能力。由后句Whether they are basic things, 可以推斷前句應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)they所替代的名詞，而根據(jù)下文舉的例子like brushing your teeth or doing your homework 等可知A選項(xiàng)符合語境，能引領(lǐng)下文。句意：每個(gè)人都有某些責(zé)任。故A為正確選項(xiàng)。 20．F　考查上下文的推理判斷能力。在本段中作者建議人們不要輕易向人求助，要在自己努力而未果的情況下去找人幫忙，縱觀選項(xiàng)，只有F選項(xiàng)符合語境，能承接上文。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) 13yearold Frank had received many presents he wanted.But Frank was not __21__ because this was his first Christmas without his brother.Frank said to his parents that he would __22__ to see a friend.__23__ it was cold outside，F(xiàn)rank put on his new jacket and took presents on his new sled(雪橇)． As Frank walked，he saw a house with the __24__ hanging over a fireplace.A woman was seated near them __25__ .The stockings reminded Frank of the ones beside him and his brother.A sudden thought __26__ Frank. So he knocked on the door.“__27__？”the sad voice of the woman answered.“May I come in？” “Please” she said，seeing his __28__ full of gifts，and thinking he was making a collection，“but I have no food or gifts for you.I even have __29__ for my own children.” “Thats not why I am here，”Frank replied.“Please __30__ any present you like for your children from this sled.” “Why，God bless(保佑)you！” the __31__ woman answered.She chose until the stockings were full.“Wont you tell me your __32__？”she asked.“Just call me the Christmas Scout，”Frank replied. The visit __33__ the boy touched, with an unexpected __34__ in his heart.He understood that his sorrow(悲傷)was not the only sorrow.He __35__ all the gifts，including the new jacket. “Where are your presents, Frank？” asked his father as he __36__ the house.“I handed them out to other children.” “Frank, how could you do so？” his mother asked in anger.The next morning，he came downstairs and __37__ his parents listening to Christmas news on the radio.Then the announcer spoke：“Merry Christmas! Several families __38__ their children were made happy by the gifts from a boy.No one could __39__ him.” Frank felt his fathers arms go around his shoulders，and he saw his mother smiling __40__ her tears. 21．A.lovely B．a(chǎn)stonished C．lonely D．happy 【解析】　由該空后“this was his first Christmas without his brother”可知，弗蘭克不高興。 【答案】　D 22．A.leave B．turn C．grow D．become 【解析】　leave “離開居住地點(diǎn)”。弗蘭克想離開家去看望朋友。由后面的準(zhǔn)備可知。 【答案】　A 23．A.When B．Since C．Where D．Though 【解析】　since“因?yàn)?；由于；既然”。因?yàn)橥饷婧芾?，他穿上了新夾克，把禮物放到了雪橇上。 【答案】　B 24．A.presents B．light C．stockings D．tree 【解析】　stockings“長筒襪”。該空與25空后的The stockings對(duì)應(yīng)，也符合圣誕節(jié)的習(xí)俗。 【答案】　C 25．A.sleeping B．crying C．smiling D．laughing 【解析】　由27空后的“the sad voice”可知，此處是cry。 【答案】　B 26．A.appeared B．worried C．occurred D．struck 【解析】　...occur to sb.“某人想起某事”；strike“突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意識(shí)到”。此處指弗蘭克突然有了一個(gè)想法。 【答案】　D 27．A.Why B．What C．Yes D．When 【解析】　由該空前后語境可知，該處是那位女士的應(yīng)答之語，所以選C項(xiàng)。Yes？表示“禮貌地應(yīng)答呼喚”。再如：“Waiter！”“Yes，sir？”“服務(wù)員！”“什么事，先生？” 【答案】　C 28.A.stocking B．pocket C．sled D．bag 【解析】　由該空后的full of gifts聯(lián)系23空后的sled。 【答案】　C 29．A.anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 【解析】　我沒有食物，也沒有禮物給你。我甚至“沒有什么”給孩子們。 【答案】　B 30．A.buy B．borrow C．bring D．choose 【解析】　choose“挑選”。該空與31后的“chose”對(duì)應(yīng)。 【答案】　D 31．A.amazed B．encouraged C．tired D．bored 【解析】　amazed“吃驚的”。聽到有人來送禮物，該女士很吃驚。 【答案】　A 32．A.address B．name C．number D．school 【解析】　由該空后的答語“Just call me the Christmas Scout”可知，問的是“名字”。 【答案】　B 33．A.started B．left C．felt D．performed 【解析】　此處是“l(fā)eave＋賓語(the boy)＋補(bǔ)語(touched)”。只有l(wèi)eave可接這種結(jié)構(gòu)。 【答案】　B 34．A.joy B．surprise C．sorrow D．disappointment 【解析】　joy“高興”。 【答案】　A 35．A.took away B．gave up C．gave away D．picked up 【解析】　give away“贈(zèng)送，捐贈(zèng)”。 【答案】　C 36．A.visited B．came C．passed D．entered 【解析】　enter“進(jìn)入；進(jìn)來”。enter the house此處指“回到家中”。 【答案】　D 37．A.made B．caught C．found D．suggested 【解析】　catch“發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺”。弗蘭克發(fā)現(xiàn)父母在聽收音機(jī)。 【答案】　B 38．A.believed B．complained C．reported D．forecast 【解析】　report“報(bào)告；通報(bào)”。此處指“有幾家人報(bào)告說”。 【答案】　C 39．A.respect B．remember C．realize D．recognize 【解析】　recognize“認(rèn)識(shí)；認(rèn)出”。沒人認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)男孩。 【答案】　D 40．A.by B．besides C．without D．through 【解析】　父親摟住了弗蘭克，而母親邊笑邊流淚。 【答案】　D Ⅳ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) 閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 41.______(be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，42.______some of them looked very anxious and 43.______ (disappoint)．When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board.I got a place next 44.______ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike 45.______(catch) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but the driver refused 46.______(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still, the boy kept 47.______ (ride)．He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard a short conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked，“48._______ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear! Its 49.______(I)．” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers 50.______(sudden) became friendly. 【答案】　41.being　42.and　43.disappointed 44．to　45.caught　46.to stop　47.riding　48.Did 49．me/mine　50.suddenly Ⅴ.短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (2016全國甲卷)The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot. 【答案】　 The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about to do during the holiday.We can between staying at home and a trip.If we stay at home, it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden view and gain we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby.I that it is a good idea.It does not cost ，yet we can still learn a lot. Ⅵ.書面表達(dá)(滿分25分) 假如你是李華，2015年你到英國倫敦留學(xué)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)一年了，現(xiàn)在給國內(nèi)的好朋友李明寫一封信，談一談倫敦和北京的異同。 詞數(shù)：100左右 要點(diǎn)：1.倫敦：汽車靠左行；很多人乘小汽車或地鐵上班；陰天多；每周工作五天；懂漢語的人少；學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)輕松； 2．北京：汽車靠右行；多數(shù)人騎自行