第五講 名詞性從句1(2016高考全國(guó)乙卷短文改錯(cuò))My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 2(2016高考北京卷單選，29改編)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be entirely free from dust.3(2016高考天津卷單選，11改編)The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.4(2016高考江蘇卷單選，21改編)It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.5(2016高考北京卷單選，24改編)Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.6(2015高考北京卷單選，35改編) we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.7(2015高考江蘇卷單選，25改編) Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some wont accept it.8(2015高考浙江卷單選，6改編)If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.9(2014高考大綱卷單選，24改編)Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565.10(2012高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷單選，24改編)It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.11(2015高考全國(guó)卷短文改錯(cuò))After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing. 12(2015高考全國(guó)卷語(yǔ)法填空)As natural architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.13(2014高考廣東卷語(yǔ)法填空)I didnt understand this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.14(2015高考全國(guó)卷短文改錯(cuò))After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing. 15(2015高考湖南卷單選，26改編)You have to know youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.答案：1.thatwhere2.that3.that4.that5Whatever6.How7.Where8.what9.when10what11.wherethat或去掉where12.how13why14.wherethat或去掉where15.where1掌握名詞性從句連接詞的基本用法(1)連接詞that在從句中沒(méi)有任何含義，只起連接作用，不作任何成分；(2)連接詞whether/if意為“是否”，只起連接作用，不作任何成分。若在兩者之間二選一，應(yīng)選擇whether；(3)連接代詞who，whom，whose，what，which，who(m)ever，whatever，whichever既起連接作用，同時(shí)又在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分；(4)連接副詞when，where，why，how既起連接作用，同時(shí)又在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。2牢記what和that的區(qū)別(1)that沒(méi)有詞義，也不作任何成分，當(dāng)從句意義完整，不缺任何成分時(shí)用that；(2)what在從句中表示“的(東西)”(有時(shí)候可以不譯)，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。3熟記it作形式主語(yǔ)代表從句的句型公式(1)Itbe形容詞(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)that從句。(2)Itbe名詞(短語(yǔ))(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)that從句。(3)Itbe過(guò)去分詞(said/told/reported/decided等)that從句。(4)It特殊動(dòng)詞(seem/appear/happen/occur/matter)that從句。4熟記it作形式賓語(yǔ)代表從句的常見(jiàn)句式(1)動(dòng)詞find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，需要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。(2)有些動(dòng)詞帶從句時(shí)習(xí)慣上需要在從句前加it，這類動(dòng)詞有：hate，enjoy，like，love，dislike，appreciate，see to等。5銘記同位語(yǔ)從句的用法同位語(yǔ)從句常放在fact，news，word(消息)，idea，truth，doubt，belief，thought，problem等詞的后面，對(duì)前面的名詞做進(jìn)一步解釋，說(shuō)明前面名詞的具體含義。引導(dǎo)詞常用that，也可用其他連接詞引導(dǎo)。注意：同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)不直接跟在它所說(shuō)明的某個(gè)名詞后，而是被別的詞隔開(kāi)。.單句語(yǔ)法填空1With many cities in China dreadfully blanketed by thick haze，the environmental problem is Chinese people concern most nowadays.2Research suggests an increase in voice is a signal one is lying.3 shocked us is an Asian Airlines plane flying from Seoul crashed at San Francisco，killing two Chinese girls and sending as many as 130 to the hospital.4 makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.5 I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.6Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.7Ive put a cross on the map to show that famous hotel is.8In fact，Im wondering my efforts were all in vain.9Is there any particular soup you would like to have? you select is all right with me.10Only when you go to New York City in person will you realize diverse the American culture is.11Up to now，I havent got any idea we should go on with the project.12From space，the earth looks blue.This is about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.13(2016江西紅色六校模擬)Its good to know the dogs will be well cared for while were away.14The bride and bridegroom gave attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.15Sorry，Im late，but you cannot imagine great trouble I took to find your house.16The problem is we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.17You should be grateful to your employees，because you wouldnt be you are now without them.18Its my treat today.Is there anything particular you would like to have? you choose is fine with me.19What is concerning us greatly is the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free.20The practical suggestion came from the representatives the new rule be adopted.答案：1.what2.that3.What；that4.What5.What6.that7.where8.why9.Whichever10.how11whether12.because13.that14.whoever15.what16how17.where18.Whatever19.when/how/whether20that.單句改錯(cuò)1His promise which he would give away half of the years income to the disabled turned out a lie. 2Intelligence，perseverance and confidence are that it takes to make a good scientist. 3We are thinking about whom can be admitted into our club.The number of members is limited. 4At the evening party the host said who was able to solve the riddle could get a nice present as a reward. 5(2016山東青島模擬)Whether we will do is to leave a note to tell Mum we will be back late. 6That will matter is not how many books you read，but how much you learn when you finish reading. 7There is no doubt whether teachers play an important role in childrens growth. 8(2016浙江金華十校模擬)It surprised us all Kate made such big progress in this final exam. 9Our teacher once told me light travelled much faster than sound. 10There is a feeling in me well meet again. 答案：1.whichthat2.thatwhat3.whomwho4whowhoever5.WhetherWhat6.ThatWhat7whetherthat8.all后加that9.travelledtravells10me后加that.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。It was a rainy night in New Orleans.At a bus station in the town，I watched a young girl 1. (cry)as her baggage was taken down.It seemed that she had lost her ticket.She cried and 2. (beg)them not to leave her there.The bus driver had a face of stone 3. no sign of wanting to help，and his heart was 4. (sure)the same.“Losing your ticket is like losing your money，” he said，5. (leave)the girl in the rain.Then an old Indian stood up and blocked the drivers way，and would not let him pass before he said 6. he had to say.“How can you leave that girl out there？You cant leave her alone.You will meet your schedule，7. she might meet her end.” The driver still didnt care about the young girls problem.Then the old gentleman bought her a ticket and helped her put away the baggage.“How can I repay for your 8. (kind)？” the girl said，“We are strangers and we wont meet again.A merethank youdoesnt seem enough.” He replied，“What goes around comes around.”This is 9. Ive learnedWhatever you give，you will get it back.Always be 10. (help)and kind to others，and well be helped in the future.1解析：crying。watch sb.doing sth.為固定句型，意為“看見(jiàn)某人做某事”。2解析：begged。and連接兩個(gè)并列成分，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該保持一致。3解析：with。司機(jī)滿臉木然，沒(méi)有想要幫忙的意思。故用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。4解析：surely。此空修飾整個(gè)句子，故用副詞形式。5解析：leaving。此句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為said，可判斷此處用非謂語(yǔ)形式；另外，he和leave存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。6解析：what。said后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，say缺賓語(yǔ)且指物，故用what。7解析：but。句意：你去趕時(shí)間表，她卻無(wú)路可走。根據(jù)句意，這兩句話存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。8解析：kindness。your為形容詞性物主代詞，后應(yīng)該用名詞。9解析：what。is后的表語(yǔ)從句中，learn缺賓語(yǔ)且指物，故用what。10解析：helpful。此空與and后的kind并列，故用形容詞形式。.短文改錯(cuò)For a person，belief always plays an important role in his life.Anyone who has strong belief can enjoy a colorfully life.Otherwise，he will lose him in his own way of life.Belief is so important what it can change ones fate.Marie Curie，famous scientist，also has set a good example.In 1898，Marie find a new element in the pitchblende.In order to improve her discovery，Marie and her husband worked hardly.At last they saw at the dim blue light of new elementradium，which made her dream came true.To my personal point of view，it can be seen which one with firmlyheld belief is likely to get successful and master his own life.答案：.寫(xiě)作提升根據(jù)上下文和括號(hào)里的提示，用名詞性從句完成語(yǔ)篇。Dear teachers and classmates，Good morning！What I want to talk about today is 1. (為了健康快樂(lè)地成長(zhǎng)我們能做什么)Firstly，its wellknown 2. (態(tài)度決定一切)If we have a positive attitude towards life，we can face whatever difficulty bravely that we will run into in life and try to overcome it.Whats more，we should study hard to enrich our knowledge.The reason is 3. (我們能適應(yīng)變化，更好地生活)when we have power.Also，I think its a good idea 4. (我們應(yīng)該結(jié)交一些好朋友)，who can share happiness and sorrow with us.Last but not least，we are supposed to do exercise regularly.It can help us to keep fit.To sum up，I believe 5. (只要我們能把上面的事情做好)，we will grow up happily and healthily.Dont you think so?Thats all.Thank you.答案：1.what we can do to grow up happily and healthily2that attitude decides everything3that we can adapt to changes and enjoy life better4that we should make some good friends5that so long as we do all the things above well名詞性從句注意(1)主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)；為使句子平衡，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)。(2)表語(yǔ)從句還可以用as if，as though引導(dǎo)。(3)表示“是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可用if或whether，但在介詞后或直接與or not連用時(shí)，只能用whether引導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句或位于句首的主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用whether，不用if。(4)同位語(yǔ)從句一般放在fact，news，idea，promise，suggestion，advice等抽象名詞之后，說(shuō)明或解釋這些抽象名詞的具體內(nèi)容。多用that引導(dǎo)，不能由which引導(dǎo)。(5)在表示“建議”“命令”“要求”，如advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，request等詞后的名詞性從句，其謂語(yǔ)通常用“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”。(6)that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，沒(méi)有任何意義，也不作任何句子成分；但that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，它代表先行詞，而且在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如：I still remember the promise that he made(定語(yǔ)從句)The naughty boy made a promise that he would never make a noise(同位語(yǔ)從句)(7)what可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句但不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，有時(shí)相當(dāng)于“the名詞that”，表示“(所)的”。如：What(The thing that)you said was right.