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Unit1 Getting along with others Unit 1　Getting along with others(A卷) Ⅰ.單項填空 1．(2016無錫輔仁中學(xué)檢測)Despite such a big difference in ________ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. A．point　　　　　　　　 　B．idea C．a(chǎn)ttitude D．sight C　解析： 句意：盡管一個人的飲食態(tài)度有著很大的不同， 但是毫無疑問西方人把中國的飲食看作是某種特殊的東西。 point“點； 意義”； idea“主意， 念頭”； attitude“態(tài)度， 看法”； sight“視力” 。 2．(2016南京高三調(diào)研)A lot of the waste thrown away in the U．S.________ being shipped overseas to China, India, and other developing countries. A．breaks up B．clears up C．sums up D．ends up D　解析： 句意：美國扔掉的廢物， 許多都被運往海外， 運送到中國、 印度和其他發(fā)展中國家。 break up“結(jié)束； 解散， 驅(qū)散； 關(guān)系破裂， 離異”； clear up“打掃； 清理； (天氣)放晴； 澄清”； sum up“總結(jié)， 概括”； end up“結(jié)束； 告終； 最終處于” 。 end up doing“結(jié)果……” 。 3．—I think you should phone Jenny and ________her for what you did. —No way.It is her fault.I’ll never ________her for what she has done wrong to my parents. A．a(chǎn)pologize; forgive B．a(chǎn)pologize to; forgive C．forgive; apologize D．a(chǎn)pologize to; tease B　解析： 根據(jù)語境可判斷， 第一空要表達(dá)的是“apologize to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉”， apologize為不及物動詞。 根據(jù)No way.It is her fault.以及never可判斷第二空應(yīng)填forgive。 4．Workers approaching retirement should be saving more, not less, ________ low rate of interest. A．in terms of B．regardless of C．a(chǎn)s a result of D．in spite of C　解析： in terms of“就……而言”； regardless of“不顧， 不管”； as a result of“因為， 由于”； in spite of“盡管” 。 句意：由于低利率， 臨近退休的職工應(yīng)該存更多而不是更少的錢。 5．The singer is always very________ to the reaction of the audience when she gives a performance. A．sentimental B．positive C．sensible D．sensitive D　解析： 句意：這位歌手在演出時總是對觀眾的反應(yīng)非常敏感。 be sensitive to“對……敏感”； sentimental“多愁善感的”； positive“積極的， 肯定的”； sensible“明智的， 可感知的” 。 6．________ electronic mail, today you can send a letter halfway around the world in seconds simply by pressing a button. A．Thanks to B．Apart from C．Regardless of D．According to A　解析： 句意：幸虧有了電子郵件， 現(xiàn)在你只要按一下按鈕就能在幾秒內(nèi)把一封信寄出半個世界了。 根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選A項。 apart from表示“除……以外”； regardless of表示“不管， 不論”； according to表示“依據(jù)， 根據(jù)”。 7．After looking over my plan, the manager hoped I could ________ a better and more practical one. A．end up with B．catch up with C．come up with D．get along with C　解析： 句意：瀏覽了我的計劃后， 經(jīng)理希望我能想出一個更好更實用的計劃。 end up with“以……告終/結(jié)束”； catch up with“追上， 趕上”； come up with“想出， 提出”； get along with“與……相處， 取得進(jìn)展” 。 8．Jack must have got very excited when he picked up three awards in total in the music awards ceremony on Thursday night, ________ he? A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．didn’t D．hasn’t C　解析： must have done結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句有didn’t...和haven’t...兩種構(gòu)成方式， 如果句中有過去的時間狀語， 就用前者didn’t...構(gòu)成。 所以答案是C項。 9．We are lucky to be among the generation of people who have ______ and experienced the great social changes in our country. A．conflicted B．responded C．witnessed D．a(chǎn)ssociated C　解析： 句意：我們是幸運的一代人，因為我們見證了國家巨大的變化。 conflict“沖突”； respond“回應(yīng)”； associate“相關(guān)”； witness“見證”， 故選C。 10．(2016蘇北五市模擬)________to too much sunlight, as is generally considered, will add to the potential of catching skin cancer. A．Being exposed B．Exposed C．Exposing D．To expose A　解析： 此處為非謂語動詞作主語， 所以用動名詞或動詞不定式， 但根據(jù)句意“人們都認(rèn)為， 皮膚過多地暴露在太陽下， 會增加患皮膚癌的可能性” 可知需用被動形式， 所以選A。 11．—Can you help me with the maths homework, Mom? —You can’t always ________ others’ help for your homework.Do it by yourself this time, dear. A．wait on B．rely on C．insist on D．turn on B　解析： rely on“依賴， 依靠”， 符合句意。 wait on“服侍， 焦急地等待”； insist on“堅持”； turn on“打開” 。 12．I’m always ________ about what I say because some careless remarks are likely to hurt others’ feelings. A．enthusiastic B．curious C．doubtful D．cautious D　解析： 句意：我說話總是很謹(jǐn)慎， 因為一些無心的話可能會傷害到別人的感情。 enthusiastic“狂熱的”； curious“好奇的”； doubtful“感到懷疑的”； cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的” 。 13．(2016鹽城中學(xué)高三綜合測試)Henry rather than Tom and James ________ for the loss. A．a(chǎn)re to blamed B．is to blamed C．a(chǎn)re to blame D．is to blame D　解析： be to blame“該受責(zé)備， 應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任”， 是固定結(jié)構(gòu)， A rather than B 作主語時， 謂語動詞和A一致。 14．The thief admitted ________ over 10 motorbikes and now he has been arrested. A．to steal B．to have stolen C．stealing D．having stolen D　解析： admit后面需跟動名詞作賓語， 再根據(jù)句意“這個小偷承認(rèn)偷了10輛摩托車， 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被抓了” 可知， 最佳答案為動名詞的完成時態(tài)。 15．— Do you mind if I open the window? —________ I feel a bit cold. A．Of course not. B．I’d rather you didn’t. C．Go ahead. D．Why not? B　解析： I’d rather you didn’t.表示 “我倒寧愿你不這樣”， 委婉地拒絕對方。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 Have you ever heard the saying“All roads lead to Rome” ? At one time, this was pretty much true. During the Roman Empire, lots of roads were built in order to move armies, send messages by courier (信使), and make trade easier. The network of Roman roads began in 312 BC.It was demanded that the roads be built strong so that they would not fall down. Roman soldiers, supervised(監(jiān)督) by engineers, laid down the roads in a special pattern of layers. There were all together 4 layers, which were made of different materials, such as sand, rocks, stones and so on. Also, Roman roads were cambered(拱形). This means that they were built higher in the middle than on the edges, allowing rainwater to run off, which prevented flooding. We use the same technique in building roads today. The Romans also laid out roads over hills when necessary, setting them down in a zigzag (之字形的) pattern to make the road rise gradually. All Roman roads had milestones (里程碑), placed every thousand paces (a Roman mile). The milestones told when the road was built, who was emperor at the time, the road’s destination, how far the traveler was from the destination, and how many miles had been traveled since the beginning of the road. This information was a great help to travelers. Because of their excellence in construction, it really is no surprise that many parts of Roman road still exist today. These roadways are one of the most impressive achievements of the Roman Empire. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文由“條條大路通羅馬” 這句諺語引出了對羅馬道路修建的一些介紹， 包括修建的時間跨度、道路的形狀以及道路上的里程碑等。 1．Which of the following descriptions about Roman roads is NOT true? A．Roman roads were built by the Roman soldiers directed by the engineers. B．Roman roads could prevent flooding using the technique we don’t use today. C．Roman roads had milestones that were placed every Roman mile. D．Roman roads still exist today as an impressive achievement of Roman Empire. B　解析： 推理判斷題。 根據(jù)文章第二段的Roman soldiers, supervised(監(jiān)督) by engineers, laid down the roads in a special pattern of layers.排除A; 根據(jù)文章第四段的All Roman roads had milestones(里程碑), placed every thousand paces (a Roman mile)．排除C; 根據(jù)文章最后一段的Because of their excellence in construction, it really is no surprise that many parts of Roman road still exist today.排除D; 根據(jù)文章第三段的．..allowing rainwater to run off, which prevented flooding. We use the same technique in building roads today.可知B符合題意， 故選B。 2．What information can you find on the milestones? A．The builders of the road. B．The materials used in building roads. C．The distance from one city. D．The time spent in building roads. C　解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞milestones找到文章對應(yīng)段落是第四段， 其中的The milestones told when the road was built, who was emperor at the time, the road’s destination, how far the traveler was from the destination, and how many miles had been traveled since the beginning of the road.判斷選C。 3．The passage mainly ________． A．explains the saying “All roads lead to Rome” B．praises ancient Romans for their great achievements C．shows how great the Roman Empire was D．introduces the construction of the Roman roads D　解析： 主旨大意題。 通讀全文可知本文由“條條大路通羅馬” 這句諺語引出了對羅馬道路修建的一些介紹， 包括修建的時間跨度、道路的形狀以及道路上的里程碑等， 因此D項符合題意。 Ⅲ.任務(wù)型閱讀 (2016揚州寶應(yīng)縣安宜中學(xué)高三調(diào)研)Managers should always have an exit strategy. Because if you receive a promotion or new position, you’ll need to have a plan in place for your departure—including a solid suggestion for someone to fill your role. And that means you need to be preparing your employees for leadership now. But, developing your employees into leaders isn’t an instant shift so it’s important to start now.In my experience as a manager, I’ve found that these strategies are vital to start developing the skills that will benefit you and your employees. 1．Teach Them to Network It’s important to teach your employees how to effectively network as soon as possible.You can start small, within your own company, even when there are company events e．g.sponsored meals, or afterwork events, encourage your leadersintraining to go and more importantly, to branch out beyond conversations with the coworkers they already know. Then, as they grow more comfortable, you can include them community and industrywide events—and eventually, even send them in your place to represent your company.When they progress into leadership roles, they’ll already have valuable contacts, plus the skills needed to succeed. 2．Give Them the Right Experience As you dole out projects and assignments, give some thought to the unique duties you have as a manager.These are the skills that your employees may not be familiar with—but should, if they aim to move up within the organization.Then, find ways for your employees to start gaining experience in those areas. The same can be applied to other duties that your team may not have much experience in—like running meetings and overseeing projects.Since these tasks typically include managing other employees, the leader will have to make sure the team stays on task, meets objectives, and works collaboratively—all skills that are essential for a manager. 3．Allow Them to Struggle a Little When an employee needs help with a task, he or she typically comes to you, so you can either take over or provide the resource that will help accomplish the task.And in most cases, fulfilling that managerial duty is perfectly fine.But when you’re coaching your employees to become leaders, I’ve found that it’s beneficial to push them to figure out how to get what they need—on their own. Of course, this doesn’t mean you can—or should—sit back and do nothing to help.But little by little, let your employees take on more responsibility.Eventually, they’ll learn how to get what they need even without your help. 4．Create an Ownership Mentality Creating an ownership mentality starts with trusting your employees and giving them the authority to make certain decisions.This can also mean giving them a little personal time to work on a side project that they think will increase sales.When you make your employees feel like an integral part of the company, they will naturally rise to the occasion and emerge as leaders. Title Four 1.____________that will turn your employees into leaders Managers’ exit strategy When 2.____________，make suggestions who will take your 3.____________ before you leave the company. How to develop skills 4.______________ to both you and your employees Teach Them to Network To 5.____________ with，teach your employees to network within the company，for instance，have a 6.____________ with coworkers that you don’t know. Give Them the Right Experience 7.____________ the unique duties of a manager，including those that your team may be 8.____________ and help employees gain experience in the areas. Allow Them to Struggle a Little When employees need help，push them to get what they need by themselves.9.____________，let them shoulder more responsibility. Create an Ownership Mentality Give employees the right to make some decisions and allow them to feel like an 10.____________ figure in the company. 答案：1.strategies　2.promoted　3.place/part/position　4.beneficial　5.begin/start　6.conversation　7.Consider 8．inexperienced　9.Gradually　10.important/essential Unit 1　Getting along with others(B卷) Ⅰ.完形填空 When I was young, I never had a special Christmas gift that I dreamed of and was crazy about. I know I __1__ a lot of great Christmas presents as I grew up. Chatty Cathy, Baby Thumbelina, Little Miss No Name... I just don’t remember __2__ them. Although my parents had their financial __3__， they always made Christmas special for their four children. Dad worked a(n) __4__ job as a referee in high school basketball games to __5__ a little more cash, and Mom was the queen of bargain shopping. The gifts __6__ have been inexpensive, but there was more than enough under the tree. Stored in happy memories are the family __7__：helping Mom and Dad drag the Christmas decorations out of the attic, going with Dad to __8__ the tree from the Kiwanis, and decorating the tree __9__ strings of blue lights and Christmas lasting days and days and days. The piles of __10__ under our tree wrapped in newspaper are more memorable than __11__ was wrapped. The act itself of unwrapping and __12__ seeing what was beneath the newspaper was __13__ and memorable. But the most clear are the images of smiles, the sounds of __14__ and“oh, thank you thank you thank you”， not the images of toys or clothes. It’s the __15__ of Christmas. The best moments, the happy moments were not the gifts, __16__ the togetherness, the love of family.Even in the occasional quarrels of brothers and sisters, even in the __17__ of late nights, even in the sometime stress of it all. Christmas should not __18__ on what’s on our gift lists. For it’s not about what gifts we __19__ or receive, but about what we do, what we experience.Those are the happy moments that __20__． 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。 是什么讓圣誕節(jié)如此難忘呢？漂亮的禮物？美麗的衣服？不， 都不是。 真正能夠讓人念念不忘的是和家人在圣誕節(jié)一起做的事， 是家人們在一起度過的那段時光。 1．A.sent　　　　　　　 　B．received C．bought D．chose B　解析：根據(jù)下句所舉例子可知， 作者收到過許多圣誕禮物。 故選B。 2．A.opening B．seeing C．ordering D．packing A　解析：根據(jù)上句可知， 本句中的“them” 指禮物， 而且作者的意思為“想不起打開過這些禮物了” 。 故選A。 3．A.independence B．struggle C．support D．influence B　解析：根據(jù)“Although” 可知， 前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步關(guān)系， 因此此處所選詞應(yīng)帶有負(fù)面意思。 故選B, financial struggle“金錢方面的困難” 。 A項意為“獨立”； C項意為“支持”； D項意為“影響”， 均不符合語境。 4．A.busy B．pleasing C．ordinary D．extra D　解析： 根據(jù)下文中的“a little more cash” 可知， 這是爸爸的兼職工作。 故選D, 意為“額外的， 多余的” 。 5．A.apply for B．give away C．bring in D．set down C　解析： 爸爸從事兼職工作的目的是多賺點錢。 故選C, 意為“賺， 引進(jìn)” 。 A項意為“申請”； B項意為“分發(fā)， 泄露”； D項意為“寫下， 制定”， 均不符合語境。 6．A.may B．must C．should D．would A　解析： 本句是對過去情況的一種推測， 而且語氣較弱。 故選A, 意為“可能” 。 B項意為“肯定， 一定， 必須”； C項意為“應(yīng)該， 理應(yīng)”； D項意為“將會”， 均不符合語境。 7．A.values B．features C．traditions D．principles C　解析： 根據(jù)冒號后內(nèi)容可知， 這是圣誕節(jié)期間的家庭傳統(tǒng)。 故選C, 意為“傳統(tǒng)， 習(xí)慣” 。 A項意為“價值”； B項意為“容貌， 特征”； D項意為“原則， 原理”， 均不符合語境。 8．A.borrow B．select C．separate D．deliver B　解析： 根據(jù)故事情節(jié)可知， 此處指作者和爸爸一起去Kiwanis挑選圣誕樹。 故選B, 意為“挑選” 。 A項意為“借”； C項意為“分開”； D項意為“遞送， 發(fā)表” 。 9．A.around B．between C．through D．with D　解析： 此處指用藍(lán)色燈帶裝飾圣誕樹， decorate sth. with sth.“用……裝飾”， 為固定搭配。 故選D。 10．A.lights B．decorations C．toys D．presents D　解析： 根據(jù)下文“The act itself of unwrapping and ______ seeing what was beneath the newspaper...the images of toys or clothes” 可推知， 此處指圣誕樹下有許多包裝著的禮物。 故選D。 11．A.which B．that C．what D．a(chǎn)s C　解析： 根據(jù)第一段可知， 作者忘記了一些禮物的名字， 因為想不起打開過， 而讓作者記得的是圣誕樹下有許多禮物。 故選C, 意為“什么”， 引導(dǎo)賓語從句， 并在從句中作主語。 A項意為“哪一個”； B項引導(dǎo)賓語從句時不作成分； D項不引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。 12．A.finally B．suddenly C．frequently D．usually A　解析： 此處所選詞應(yīng)體現(xiàn)出孩子渴望看到禮物的心情。 故選A, 意為“最后， 終于” 。 13．A.inspiring B．exciting C．satisfying D．puzzling B　解析： 所選詞應(yīng)該體現(xiàn)出孩子們終于看到圣誕禮物的心情， 結(jié)合下句可知， 應(yīng)選B項， 意為“令人激動的” 。 A項意為“鼓舞人心的”； C項意為“令人滿意的”； D項意為“令人困惑的”， 均不符合語境。 14．A.whispers B．cries C．complaint D．laughter D　解析： 根據(jù)下句可知， 孩子們喜歡這些禮物， 且由上句可知， 他們很興奮， 由此可知， 答案為D, 意為“笑聲” 。 A項意為“耳語”； B項意為“喊聲， 哭聲”； C項意為“抱怨”， 均不符合語境。 15．A.process B．a(chǎn)rrangement C．experience D．a(chǎn)tmosphere C　解析： 根據(jù)上下文可知， 作者認(rèn)為圣誕節(jié)真正令人難忘的不是禮物， 而是和家人團(tuán)聚以及家人的愛。 故選C, 意為“經(jīng)歷， 體驗”， 與下文中的“but about what we do, what we experience” 相照應(yīng)。 A項意為“進(jìn)程， 過程”； B項意為“安排”； D項意為“氛圍， 大氣層”， 均不符合語境。 16．A.but B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．so A　解析：not...but...是固定短語， 意為“不是……而是……”， 符合語境。 故選A。 17．A.tiredness B．wandering C．sleeplessness D．entertainment A　解析： 根據(jù)其后定語“of late nights” 可知， 答案為A, 興奮了半天的孩子們在半夜感到困倦。 B項意為“徘徊， 漫游”； C項意為“失眠”； D項意為“娛樂”， 均不符合語境。 18．A.rely B．put C．center D．work C　解析： 本句指圣誕節(jié)重要的不是禮物， 而是我們在圣誕節(jié)所做的事。 故選C, 意為“集中， 以……為中心” 。 19．A.accept B．give C．like D．require B　解析： 根據(jù)其后的“or receive” 可知， 應(yīng)選B, 指給予或收到的禮物。 20．A.differ B．happen C．mean D．matter D　解析： 本句話是對上文的概括， 說明了這些和家人一起度過的時光才是重要的， 值得我們記憶的。 故選D, 意為“要緊， 有關(guān)系” 。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A The other morning on the subway I sat next to an attractive young blonde woman who was reading something on her iPad.She was very welldressed，carrying a Prada bag with tastefully applied makeup indeed，she had an unmistakable air of wealth，material success and even authority.I suspected she worked as a highlypaid Wall Street lawyer or stockbroker or something of that sort.So，I was curious to see what she was so focused on.The Wall Street Journal perhaps? The Economist? Quite the contrary；rather，she was concentrating on a romance novel.Then I realized that I have known many women who love romance novels—smart，attractive，successful，“l(fā)iberated”，modern females who nonetheless find some kind of deep satisfaction and thrill from those hyperromantic，artificial and extremely unrealistic tales of handsome，manly heroes falling in love with virginal women，enduring a series of adventures，then no doubt having a happy ending. These_romance_stories_are_to_literature_what_hot_dogs_are_to_fine_food.Yet，the genre(體裁) remains enormously popular.Consider some of these surprising statistics from the good folks at the Romance Writers of America(RWA)： More than 9，000 romance titles were released last year，with sales of about $1.44 billion(more than triple the revenues generated by classic literary fiction)． More than 90 percent of the market are women(okay，that’s not at all surprising)． Readers are typically women between the ages 30 and 54 who are themselves involved in a romantic relationship(betraying the stereotype that only lonely women long for these tales of love and adventure)． Almost 40 percent of romance book consumers have an annual income of between $50，000 and $99，900(placing them firmly in the middle class)． I had thought that romance novels accounted for a very small share of the literary market，so I was quite surprised that this part has such enormous popularity.But I must wonder why so many women—forty years after the women’s liberation movement continue to indulge in the fanciful tales? I’m not sure if it represents a kind of “rejection” of the women’s liberation movement，but clearly something is missing in the lives of contemporary ladies.A romance author named Donna Hatch who focuses on the Regency period(early 19th century Britain) explained the appeal of such books this way: “Regency men were civilized and treated women with courtesy.When a lady entered the room，gentlemen stood，doffed their hats，offered an arm，bowed，and a hundred other little things I wish men still did today.But they were also very athletic；they hunted，raced，boxed，rode horses.They were manly, strong, noble, and honorable.And that is why I love them！” Mrs.Hatch may have expressed the secret desires and attitudes of untold millions of her peers—that is，in the early 21st century，have women grown tired of the burdens and expectations that the “freedoms” they have gained give them? Is this a rejection of modern feminism? Do women long for days of old when men were masculine gentlemen and women were feminine and protected as precious treasures and regarded as possessions? Perhaps most women(even the ones who get lost in romance novels) do not want to go all the way back but it is obvious，________． 【解題導(dǎo)語】　落難少女情結(jié)：現(xiàn)代女性喜愛閱讀言情小說的背后。 1．What is the function of the opening paragraph? A．To summarize the whole passage. B．To prove the author’s argument. C．To lead in the main topic of the passage. D．To raise problems that will be solved later. C　解析：推理判斷題。本文第一段講述的是作者在地鐵上的一次偶遇，由此引出下文對“現(xiàn)代女性喜愛閱讀言情小說的背后”的深思。即第一段為引子，引出文章的話題。故該題正確答案為C。 2．What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph imply? A．Romance novels are satisfying and thrilling. B．Romance novels are not of much “nutrition”． C．Romance novels are as popular as hot dogs. D．Romance novels are an essential part of contemporary life. B　解析：句意猜測題。因為“A is to B what C is to D．”：A之于B就像C對于D一樣。故該句句意應(yīng)為：言情小說對于文學(xué)而言就像熱狗