會計學1名師面對面中考英語總復習名師面對面中考英語總復習 閱讀理解一閱讀理解一 外研外研第44講閱讀理解(一)第1頁/共38頁閱讀理解。(2014，揚州)World War lasted from 1939 to 1945.Life changed for everybody，including women and children because of the war.Millions of people lost their lives during the war.The Diary of a Young Girl was a record of that time.The book was written by a girl named Anne Frank.Anne Frank was born in Germany in June 1929.Because the German Nazi(納粹分子)hated the Jews(猶太人)and wanted to kill them，her family had to move to another country.In July 1942，they went into hiding in a secret place in her fathers office.During that difficult time，Anne kept writing diaries until she and her family were discovered by the Nazis in August 1944.They were caught and sent to a Nazi camp.The next year，her mother died.In the same year，she and her elder sister died of illness，before the war ended.第2頁/共38頁After the war，her father collected her diaries and the book The Diary of a Young Girl came out in 1947.It has been put into over 30 languages since then.The book has been read by people all over the world.In her diary，Anne wrote down her thoughts，her feelings，her hopes and her dreams for the future，“I want the diary to be my friend，and Im going to call this friend Kitty.”“I cant spend all day complaining because its impossible to have any fun！.Every day，I feel the beauty of nature and the goodness of the people around me.With all that，why should I be sad？”The Diary of a Young Girl has also become a symbol of the greatness of the human spirit.It is called one of the wisest and most moving records on war.第3頁/共38頁1In which year did Anne die of illness？_D_AIn 1939.BIn 1942.CIn 1944.DIn 1945.2According to the passage，“Kitty”is _A_Aher diary Bher elder sisterCher mother Dher hiding place第4頁/共38頁3Which of the following is true？_C_AAnne was lazy,sad and complained all day.BThe book is mainly about Annes school life.CAnne loved life though she was in difficult time.DThe book has been put into nearly 30 languages.4From the passage,we can infer(推斷)_B_AAnne was born in GermanyBAnne was a JewCAnnes father collected the diariesDAnne was a Nazi第5頁/共38頁中考英語“閱讀理解”題主要是考查考生綜合運用所學語言知識的能力。很多考生在做題時常常有一種“讀得懂做不對”的感覺。那么有必要對閱讀理解這種題型及其解題技巧作一些簡要的分析。從近幾年的中考閱讀理解情況看，短文體裁多樣，題材各異，文章涉及科學知識、社會文化、政治歷史、人文環(huán)境和日常生活等方面，充分體現(xiàn)其時代性、實用性。短文的長度和難度逐年加大。常見題型有主旨題、細節(jié)題、推斷題、猜測詞義題。第6頁/共38頁(一)主旨概括題主旨題主要考查學生對短文中心思想或作者意圖的掌握。做此類題時，應通讀全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主題句的意義。短文往往圍繞主題句展開，主題句通常出現(xiàn)在短文第一句或最后一句。(二)細節(jié)理解題細節(jié)題是用來進一步表達主題，體現(xiàn)中心思想的，往往針對短文某個細節(jié)來設題。做此類題時，應快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、數(shù)字等，閱讀時要有針對性。第7頁/共38頁【例1】(2014，重慶B)Many people have great difficulty in saying goodbye.But from goodbye moments，we can always learn something.Once，I overheard(無意中聽到)a father and daughter in their goodbye moment.The father said，“I love you，I wish you enough.”The daughter answered,“Daddy,our life together has been more than enough.Your love is all that I need.I wish you enough,too,Daddy.”第8頁/共38頁They kissed and she left.The father walked over towards me.I could see he wanted and needed a cry.He came over to me and asked,“Did you ever say a forever goodbye to someone？”Before I could answer,he went on,“I am old and she lives much too far away.I know her next trip back would be for my funeral(葬禮)”“When you were saying goodbye I heard you say,I wish you enough.May I ask what that means？”第9頁/共38頁He began to smile,“Its a wish that has come down from my greatgreatgrandparents.And my parents used to say it to me.”He stopped for a moment and looked up as if trying to remember it.He smiled even more.“When we said I wish you enough，we were wanting the other person to have a life full of enough good things.”Then，turning towards me,he shared(分享)the following“wish”from his heart.I wish you enough sun to keep you bright.I wish you enough rain to appreciate the sun more.I wish you enough happiness to keep you alive.I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life appear much bigger.I wish enough hellos to get you through the final goodbye.My friends,I wish you enough.第10頁/共38頁1Many people would find it difficult _ A _.Ato say goodbyeBto overhear othersCto share their wishes Dto live too far away點撥：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首句“Many people have great difficulty in saying goodbye.”得到答案。第11頁/共38頁2How did the father get the“wish”？AThe writer wrote it for him.BHis parents passed it down to him.CThe teacher taught him at school.DHis daughter told him about it.點撥：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Its a wish that has come down from my greatgreatgrandparents.And my parents used to say it to me.”得到答案。答案：_B_第12頁/共38頁3From the passage,we may learn _ D _.Athe daughter didnt understand his fatherBthe old man didnt want to see his daughterCthe writer knew the old man very wellDthe father and daughter loved each other so much點撥：歸納判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段和“I could see he wanted and needed a cry.”知道A、B和C是錯誤的。第13頁/共38頁4The best title of the passage may be“_ C _”AFather and DaughterBA Difficult MomentCWish You EnoughDA Trip Back Home點撥：主旨概括題。文章大意為“作者通過一位父親與女兒告別以及與該父親的交談，表達了作者對I wish you enough的觀點和想法?！惫蔬xC。第14頁/共38頁Canada is famous for its winter lifestyle，for the season lasts half the year there.A great example of this is the Quebec Winter Carnival(嘉年華)Quebec is an old city with beautiful historic buildings，and many agree that winter is the best time to visit.The city comes alive in the snow，especially during the winter festival.People who visit the cold city can find tons of things to do that will make winter seem perfect.第15頁/共38頁The Carnival has a magical ice palace made with 9，000 tons of snow，a boat race on the St.Lawrence River，and two night parades(游行)with funny people and colorful cars.Others interesting things include a 122meter ice slide，and a large football game.There is also an exciting dogsled race that runs through six kilometers of the citys streets.With more than 20 teams in the game，the dogsled race is noisy，fun and full of great cheer.Even better，artists from around the world come to enter the snow sculpture(雕塑)competition.It is amazing how these artists can bring snow to life.The Quebec Winter Carnival has everything for the whole family and more.It is surely a great way to experience winter at its fullest.第16頁/共38頁Another famous winter festival is on the other side of the world in China.Known as the City of Ice，Harbin is the capital city of Heilongjiang Province，which is next to Siberia.In the winer，it is very cold，and temperatures there can drop to 30 below zero.Even so，the cold weather makes the city the right place for the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival.The festival is held every year.第17頁/共38頁1According to the passage，many people think _D_ is the best time to visit Quebec.AspringBsummerCautumnDwinter2The Quebec Winter Carnival includes _C_a dogsled racea winter swimmingtwo night paradesa snow fighta boat raceA B C D第18頁/共38頁3Which of the following is TRUE about Harbin？_A_AIt is known as the City of Ice.BIts famous for its four seasons.CIt is in Northern China，next to Quebec.DIt holds an exciting festival every month4The writer will probably write about _D_ in the next part of the article.Athe Quebec Winter CarnivalBthe introduction of Heilongjiang ProvinceCthe snow sculpture competition in QuebecDthe Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival第19頁/共38頁(一一)(2014，紹興紹興)Vicky Zhao is from the mainland working in Hong Kong.For her，one thing she cant stand is people standing on the wrong side of the escalator(自動扶梯)in subway stations.“Escalators help us move faster and save time.It isnt a place to rest，”the 24yearold says，“I often see tourists blocking(擋住)the way with their heavy suitcases or chatting on the escalators during rush hour.It makes me very angry.”第20頁/共38頁Agreeing that she is not the patient type，Zhao says things are much better in Hong Kong than in cities on the mainland where people often pay no attention to“stand right，walk left”signs.The reason behind the rule“stand right，walk left”seems clear.Even though you may want to have a rest and just wait while youre transported up or down,you should still consider others and leave enough space for people in a hurry,so that they can run and take the train.But the people who stand on escalators will tell the walkers not to be so impatient.In a recent story about the escalator rule，one stander says.“If the person is in such a rush，why not just take the stairs？”第21頁/共38頁Many cities escalators，including Londons and Beijings,use the“stand right,walk left”rule to speed up the movement of people.(In Australian cities like Sydney you should stand on the left side instead.)But some cities discourage people from moving on escalators out of safety reasons.In Hong Kongs subway stations people are asked to“stand still”on escalators.Even so，most people keep the“stand right,walk left”rule.Whatever the escalator rule is in the place you live in or visit,do what most people are doing and always be mindful of others:leave enough space between each other,dont stay at the end of the escalator,and if someone is blocking your way,a simple“excuse me”is enough.第22頁/共38頁1According to the passage，Vicky Zhao _B_Acomes from Hong KongBis a 24yearold girlCwants to be a patient personDworks in a subway station2The passage mentions that people are advised not to move on the escalator in _D_ALondon BBeijingCSydney DHong Kong第23頁/共38頁3It can be learnt from the passage that the writer _C_Ais crazy about taking escalatorsBagrees to the“stay right,walk left”ruleCtells us to consider other peopleDhas been to Hong Kong many times4.Whats the best title of the passage？_A_AGet it right BHelp othersCTake stairs DMove fast第24頁/共38頁(二)(2014，嘉興)Have you noticed the number of people listening to music very loudly on the trains and buses？Their music is so loud that you can even hear clearly what the singers are singing.The problem is that the music is coming out from their earphones!Doctors warn young people about the dangers of listening to music from earphones so loudly for a long time.In the United States，studies show that musicians and people who work at performance halls have experienced hearing problems after exposure(暴露)to loud music for just up to 30 minutes a day.These people slowly lose their hearing and need to turn up the music even more loudly to hear it properly，possibly causing further damage to it.第25頁/共38頁As we know，the ear has three partsthe outer part，the middle ear and the inner ear.There are tiny hairs in the inner ear.It is the tiny hairs that receive the soundwaves and then change them into what the brain(腦)can understand.Exposure to loud noise can damage the tiny hairs and this causes hearing loss(損傷)Usually，this kind of hearing loss can be treated if the noise isnt very sudden and loud.Exposure to loud noise for too long a time can cause lasting damage.People with serious hearing loss may need to have an operation，but even after the operation they may not hear as well as before.第26頁/共38頁You know you have been listening to loud music too long when you start hearing ringing noises in your ear.They may be signs that the tiny hairs in your inner ear have been damaged.So next time you listen to music using your earphones，make sure it is not loud enough for others to hear.Remember that once hearing loss sets in，there is no turning back.第27頁/共38頁5We can probably read this passage in the _C_ part of a newspaper.Anews BsportsCscience Dadvertisement6The underlined word“soundwaves”in Paragraph 3 means _C_ in Chinese.A聲速 B聲調C聲波 D聲帶第28頁/共38頁7When you hear ringing noises in your ear，it means _B_Ayour middle ear has been damagedByou must stop listening to loud musicCyour hearing loss cant be turned backDyou need to have an operation on your ear8The writer of the passage is trying to advise people to _A_Ause earphones properlyBlisten to music in publicClearn about hearing problemsDunderstand three parts of the ear第29頁/共38頁(三)第30頁/共38頁9George says that the Internet helps him to _B_Aplay computer games with friendsBkeep in touch with his family and friendsCmake phone calls easilyDbuy clothing from around the world10Why does Wang Lin think electricity is the most useful？_D_ABecause it isnt really an invention.BBecause people love Alessandro Volta very much.CBecause Benjamin Franklin learned how to use it.DBecause many inventions cannot work without it.第31頁/共38頁11For Wendy，the air conditioner is the most useful because _B_Ashe has to work a lotBshe lives in a very hot placeCshe often gets sickDshe studies very hard第32頁/共38頁(四)(2014，包頭)Ted Browns dream as a child was an unusual one：he wanted to fly.What was more unusual was the way in which he made his dream come true.After high school，he wanted to join the US.Air Force but he failed because of his poor eyesight.However，his dream remained.At the age of 33，Ted was a truck driver in Los Angeles.One day，while sitting outside in his garden，he watched planes fly overhead and an idea came to him：to use balloons(氣球)to fly.第33頁/共38頁A few weeks later，Ted bought 42 huge balloons.He tied them to a chair and then he sat down in the chair with some beer，sandwiches and a gun.His plan was to fly to 10 meters above his garden，enjoy a few hours in the air，and then shoot some balloons with his gun to get back down.But things did not go as he planned.Once his friends cut the ropes under Teds chair，the 42 balloons flew into the sky at an astonishing speed until about 4 000 meters above the ground with Ted and his chair.He didnt shoot any of the balloons because he was afraid he might break the balance(平衡)of his“plane”Ted stayed in the sky with his beer and sandwiches for 14 hours，cold and frightened.第34頁/共38頁Planes heading towards Los Angeles busy international airport reported the strange sight.And Teds balloons caused great danger to them.At last，Ted gathered his courage to shoot a few balloons and slowly landed on the ground，where many policemen were waiting for him.Ted made his dream come true，but it cost him：he was fined(罰款)$1 500 for breaking the law about air safety.When asked by a reporter why he had done it，Ted answered，“A man cant just sit around and do nothing；he should have his dream and go for it.”第35頁/共38頁12Why couldnt Ted join the American Air Force？_C_ABecause he didnt finish high school.BBecause his parents stopped him.CBecause there was problem with his eyes.DBecause he was too short.13He was fined$1 500 because _A_Ahis balloons caused trouble to planesBhe stayed too long in the airChe used too many balloonsDhe took a gun with him第36頁/共38頁14Which of the following is true？_C_AHe didnt go to college because of his dream to fly.BHe felt sorry for what he had done.CHe realized his dream in a dangerous way both to himself and to others.DHe didnt shoot the balloons at first because he wanted to stay there longer.15What can be the best title for the story？_D_AGo for ItBA Man with Poor EyesightCUp High in the AirDTeds Dream to Fly第37頁/共38頁