安徽專版,新課標(biāo)（RJ）,語法專題（十四）復(fù)合句,PARTTWO,第二篇語法突破篇,【中考考點】（1）賓語從句的時態(tài)、語序及引導(dǎo)詞。（2）賓語從句的簡化形式。（3）狀語從句中連詞的選擇和時態(tài)。（4）關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的基本用法。（5）關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法。,考點一引導(dǎo)詞,1.在that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,若是陳述句作賓語,that可以省略。Theradiosays（that）itwillraintomorrow.收音機報道說明天要下雨。2.連接代詞which,what,who等或連接副詞how,where,why,when等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句作賓語從句時,從句改用陳述語序。Couldyoutellmetoyou?你能告訴我他跟你說了些什么嗎?,whathesaid,3.whether或if引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句或選擇疑問句作賓語從句時,從句改用陳述語序。IwonderyouhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.我想知道你是否已經(jīng)告訴李雷這個消息了。注意下列幾種情況中,賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞通常使用whether:（1）具有選擇意義且又有or或ornot,尤其是直接與ornot連用時,通常用whether。（2）介詞之后用whether。（3）不定式前用whether。,if/whether,考點二時態(tài),1.當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時,賓語從句的時態(tài)可根據(jù)實際情況而定。Irememberhemeabookyesterday.我記得他昨天給了我一本書。HehastoldmethatheforNewYorktomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我明天他就動身去紐約了。2.當(dāng)主句為過去時態(tài)時,賓語從句要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。WeaskedwhatJeanwasdoingthen.我們問瓊那時正在做什么。3.當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或普遍規(guī)律時,賓語從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時。Lisaaskedwhetherlightfasterthansound.莉薩問光的傳播速度是否比聲音快。,gave,willleave,travels/goes,考點三語序,1.陳述句改為賓語從句時,語序不變。Heisagoodchild.Theteachersaid.Theteachersaid（that）hewasagoodchild.老師說他是個好孩子。,2.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句改為賓語從句時,語序改為陳述語序。Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.Iwonderif/whether.我想知道他工作是否努力。Whendidheleave?Idontknow.Idontknowwhenheleft.我不知道他是什么時候離開的?！咀⒁狻抠e語從句的簡化當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同,且主句的謂語動詞是know,remember,forget,learn等時,從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。IdontknowwhatIshouldsay.Idontknowwhat.我不知道要說什么。,tosay,heworkshard,考點一狀語從句的分類,1.時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,notuntil,assoonas等。Whenhecomesback,Illgiveyouacall.他回來時,我會給你打電話的。Theydidntstopuntiltheyfinishedthework.他們直到完成工作才停下來。IllringyouassoonasIreachBeijing.我一到北京就給你打電話。,2.原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有because,since,as等。Ididntgo,becauseIwasafraid.我沒去,因為我害怕。Sinceyouarefreetoday,youdbettertakeagoodrest.既然你今天有空,你最好好好休息。3.條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有if,unless,aslongas等。Ifitrains,Illgobycar.如果下雨,我就乘小汽車去。Youcannotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí),你是不會成功的。,4.結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有sothat,suchthat等。Itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldntseetheroad.雨下得如此大,以至于我們看不見路。5.讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有though,eventhough/if,although,nomatter+疑問詞等。Eventhough/ifyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.即使你這么說,我也不信。6.目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有sothat,inorderthat等。IneedtogetupearlysothatIcancatchtheearlybus.我需要早起,以便我能趕上早班車。,7.方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有asif/though,as等。Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrown-up.那個孩子跟我們談起話來像個成年人似的。8.地點狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有where,wherever等。Whereverhegoes,healwaysbringshispetdog.無論他去哪里,他總是帶著他的寵物狗。9.比較狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有than,asas,notas/soas等。CarolspeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.卡蘿爾英語說得和你一樣好。,考點二主句與從句時態(tài)一致的問題,在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中,主句和從句之間的時態(tài)一致問題一般分為下列三種情況:1.主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn):若主句是祈使句或主句中有情態(tài)動詞時,那么從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.過馬路時要小心。Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelights.當(dāng)紅燈亮?xí)r,車輛必須停下來。,turn/arered,2.主將從現(xiàn):主句用一般將來時,而從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。IwillvisitmygoodfriendwhenItime.當(dāng)我有空時,我將去看望我的好友。Ifsheheretomorrow,Iwillgototheparkwithher.如果明天她來這里,我將和她一起去公園。3.過去時態(tài):若主從句都是在敘述過去的事情,則主從句可以用一般過去時或過去進行時。MymotherwascookingwhenIgothomeyesterday.昨天我到家時,我媽媽正在做飯。,have,comes,考點三賓語從句和狀語從句同時出現(xiàn),Idontknowif（是否）hewillcome.If（如果）hecomes,Iwilltellhimabouttheaccident.我不知道他是否會來。如果他來的話,我將告訴他這起事故。Idontknowwhen（什么時候）hewillcometomorrow.When（當(dāng)?shù)臅r候）hecomes,Iwilltellhimaboutthenews.我不知道他明天什么時候來。當(dāng)他來時,我將告訴他這則消息。,考點一關(guān)系代詞的基本用法,考點二關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法,1.下列情況關(guān)系詞只能用that（1）先行詞為不定代詞all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等時。All（that）youhavetodoistopracticeeveryday.你必須要做的就是每天練習(xí)。Thereisntmuch（that）Icando.我能做的不多。（2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級修飾時。Thefirstlesson（that）Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.我將永遠不會忘記我上的第一堂課。Thisisthebestfilm（that）Ihaveeverseen.這是我曾經(jīng)看過的最好的一部電影。（3）先行詞被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代詞修飾時。Ihavereadallthebooks（that）yougaveme.我已經(jīng)讀完了你給我的所有的書。,（4）先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修飾時。ThewhitefloweristheonlyonethatIreallylike.這朵白花是我唯一真正喜歡的。ThisistheverybookIwanttoread.這就是我想看的那本書。（5）當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時。Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?站在那邊的那個人是誰?Whichofusthatknowsomethingaboutphysicsdoesntknowthis?在我們懂點物理的人當(dāng)中有誰不知道這個?,that,（6）先行詞既有人又有物時。Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingswecouldremember.我們談?wù)摿宋覀兯苡浀闷鸬娜撕褪?。?）time作先行詞且前面有序數(shù)詞或last修飾時,定語從句用that來引導(dǎo)（that可省略）。Thisisthelasttime（that）Ishallgiveyoualesson.這是我最后一次給你們上課了。Thefirsttime（that）Isawhimwasin2016.我第一次見到他是在2016年。,that,2.下列情況只能用which（1）關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語時,用“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)。Thisisthebookforyouask.這是你要的書。（2）引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時,只能用which。Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.這本我已經(jīng)讀了三遍的小說很感人。,which,考點三關(guān)系副詞的用法,1.when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表示時間的先行詞。IstillrememberthedayIfirstcametoBeijing.我仍然記得第一次來北京的那一天。2.where在句中作狀語,表示地點。ThisisthefactoryIworkedtwoyearsago.這就是我兩年前工作的那家工廠。3.why在句中作狀語,表示原因。Iknowthereasonhecamelate.我知道他來晚的原因。,when,where,why,1.2007安徽Mrs.Browncouldntfindherpurse.Shedidntremember.A.whoseitwasB.whereitwasC.whatitwasD.whenitwas2.2009安徽YoucantimaginewhenthepupilsreceivedthesenicepresentsonChildrensDay.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited3.2014安徽Itssolate.Whynotwritethereporttomorrow?ButIdontknowIcandoitifnotnow.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where4.2016安徽Lookatthestonebridge!Doyouknowitwasbuilt?Inthe1860s.Itisquiteold.A.whenB.howC.whereD.why,B,B,B,A,5.2017安徽DoyouknowAnngoestoworkeveryday?Usuallybyunderground.A.whyB.howC.whenD.whether6.2018安徽IwonderJanegetsonsowellwithherclassmates.Becauseshealwayscaresmuchaboutothers.A.whetherB.howC.whenD.why,B,5.B根據(jù)答語可知,問者問的是Ann的上班方式。故選B。,D,7.2018長豐三模IcantdecideIshouldparkmycar.Youdbetterparkitinfrontofthebuilding.A.whenB.howC.whereD.why8.2018滁州一模Tim,Iwanttoknowyouaregoingtodowiththemagazine.Oh,Ihaventdecidedyet.A.howB.whatC.whyD.where,C,7.C考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。根據(jù)答語可知他不確定停車的地點,應(yīng)用引導(dǎo)詞where。故選C。,B,9.2018明光一模Look!Somepeoplearerunningtheredlights.Weshouldwaitothersarebreakingtherule.A.ifB.althoughC.unlessD.because10.2018蕪湖期中Youdbettertakeamapwithyouyouwontgetlost.A.aslongasB.asifC.sothatD.nowthat11.2018明光二模Howdoyoulikemeetingan“e-friend”alone?Youdbetternot,somethingdangerousmayhappentoyou.A.orB.andC.butD.because,B,C,D,12.2018馬鞍山期末Shallwegoonapicnicthisweekend?Icantagreemorethereisaheavyrainorotherbadweather.A.althoughB.ifC.untilD.unless13.2018太和一模ThepolicemanhascaughtthethiefstoleMr.Liswallet.A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which,D,12.Dalthough盡管;if如果;until到為止;unless除非,如果不。結(jié)合語境理解可知,此句是一個unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。故選D。,B,14.2018淮北模擬JourneytotheWestisabookinfluencesteenagersalot.Itisverypopular.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what15.2018合肥一模Doyouknowthemanunderthetree?Dontyouknowhim?Heistheyoungmansavedthegirloutofwateryesterday!A.whenB.whichC.whomD.who16.2018明光一模Studyingingroupsisapopularwaycandevelopstudentscreativeability.A.whoB.whomC.whatD.which,C,D,D,17.2018阜陽二模Thisisthebestschoolwevisitedlastyear.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.which18.2018安慶一模Thesmallriverrunsthroughourvillagebroughtuslotsofpleasuremanyyearsago.Itismywarmmemory.A.whoB.whenC.whereD.that,A,D,見Word資源語法專題14復(fù)合句,