Unit 6 When was it invented?單元話題 In this unit, students learn to talk about the history of inventions.單元語法Passive voice (past tense)教學目標1.能掌握以下句型：When was the telephone invented？I think it was invented in 1876. What are they used for? They are used for seeing at night.2.能談論物品被發(fā)明的時間、發(fā)明者，表達某發(fā)明的用途。3.了解一些近現(xiàn)代發(fā)明的時間及用途，激發(fā)自己熱愛發(fā)明的情感。培養(yǎng)學生善于觀察事物，面對難題，用積極的態(tài)度去解決，發(fā)揮想象力，認識世界，改造世界，擁有強烈求知欲的素養(yǎng)。 學情分析本單元話題是發(fā)明，學生們對發(fā)明不太熟悉，因此教師在講前應普及下有關發(fā)明的知識。在暢談發(fā)明話題時自覺運用被動語態(tài)的過去時態(tài)。第一課時Section A(1a2d) 重點單詞1.style n樣式，款式 2.pleasure n高興，愉快3.daily adj. 日常的，每日的 4.mention v. 提到，說到5.list v列表，列清單n.名單，清單重點詞組1.shoes with special heels特殊后跟的鞋子2.hot ice­cream scoop 熱的冰淇淋勺子 3.run on electricity 電動的4.be used for被用作5.such a great invention 如此了不起的發(fā)明6.our daily lives我們的日常生活 7.have a point有點道理 8.with pleasure 愿意效力重點句式1.I think the TV was invented before the car.我認為電視是在轎車之前發(fā)明的。2. When was the telephone invented？I think it was invented in 1876.電話是什么時候發(fā)明的？我認為電話是在1876年被發(fā)明的。3.What are they used for? They are used for changing the style of the shoes.他們可用來做什么？他們可用來改變鞋子的樣式。4.The zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.But at that time, it wasn't used widely.拉鏈是由Whitcomb Judson 在1893 年發(fā)明的，在那時它并沒有得到廣泛應用。 §自主學習案翻譯下列詞組。1特殊后跟的鞋子 _ 2熱的冰淇淋勺子 _3電動的_4被用作_5學校項目的課題_6我們的日常生活_7有點道理_§課堂導學案Step 1 準備及熱身(Preparation) 展示一些近代發(fā)明的圖片及近代發(fā)明的發(fā)明者，讓學生們將圖片及發(fā)明者相連。T: Do you know what these inventions are?S1: It's a car.S2: It's a telephone.S3: It's a television.T: Do you know who these inventors are? S1: Karl Benz.S2: Alexander Bell.S3: JL.Baird.Let students match the inventions and the inventors.Step 2 呈現(xiàn)及輸入 (Presentation) 1要求學生翻開課本P41，迅速閱讀1a部分的內容。并按要求完成課本上相應的任務： Number the pictures.(1分鐘)2檢查答案，先要求全班一起給出答案并檢查討論。3要求學生聽第一遍錄音，并完成課本上1b的聽力任務： Listen and match the inventions with the years.Check their answers: 讀出序號讀出年份讀出完整的句子。(2分鐘)4要求學生聽第二遍錄音，并逐句進行跟讀。(2分鐘)5完成教材1c的任務，要求學生模仿1a內容，進行對話練習。并邀請23對同學當堂進行演示。(3分鐘)6小結訓練。要求學生在規(guī)定的時間內完成一個小練習。并請若干學生給出自己的答案。有錯誤的及時解決糾正。(2分鐘)用所給單詞的正確形式填空。1When _ the telephone _ (invent)?2The computer can _(help) us do math problems.3. In those days, the woman couldn't _ (afford)a TV because they were really expensive.4A friend of _ (I) came to see me last week.5I think you need _ (take) a history class.Step 3練習及體驗 (Practice) 1要求學生翻開課本P42。播放錄音一遍，完成2a，2b的聽力任務，然后個別檢查，統(tǒng)一核對答案。(2分鐘)2要求學生聽第二遍錄音，并逐句進行跟讀。(2分鐘)3聽力內容鞏固訓練。要求學生根據(jù)所聽到的內容完成下列各句。完成后要求若干學生給出自己的答案。以鞏固對聽力內容的了解。(4分鐘) The battery­operated slippers are used for _ in the dark.They were invented by Julie Thompson.This heated ice­cream scoop is used for _ out really cold ice­cream.The shoes with adjustable heels are used for _ the style of your shoes.4大聲朗讀聽力材料。(1分鐘)Step 4 運用及生成 (Production)1放下聽力材料，要求學生模仿聽力內容，利用2a，2b的信息分角色進行對話練習。然后邀請23對同學當堂演示?？茨囊粚Φ谋憩F(xiàn)最佳。(5分鐘)2播放2d的對話錄音，讓學生跟讀，模仿并理解大意。然后讓學生分角色朗讀并表演2d的對話。(5分鐘)3對話內容鞏固訓練。要求學生根據(jù)2d對話的內容完成短文。完成后要求若干學生給出自己的答案。以鞏固對對話內容的了解。(4分鐘)Last week, Roy saw a _,_it says the zipper is one of the _ small inventions that changed the world.It _ that the zipper was _ by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.But at that time, it wasn't _ used.Paul thinks he do seems to have a _.The zipper is really such a great invention and it's used in our daily lives very often and _.Step 5 鞏固及提高(Progress) 探究點They're used for seeing in the dark.人們在黑暗中用它們來照路。 be used for被用來做短語后接名詞或動詞的­ing形式。eg.Knives are used for cutting things.刀用來切東西。English is used for business.英語用于做生意。 【拓展】 (1)be used as被用作，介詞as表示“作為”，其后接名詞，強調使用的工具及手段。 eg.The room is used as an office.這間房被用作辦公室。(2)be used by被使用，介詞by后面接動作的執(zhí)行者。eg.Cellphone is used by most people.大多人都用手機。(3)be used to do sth.被用來做某事。eg.Smartphones are used to play games.智能手機可被用來玩游戲。 針對訓練 用use的恰當形式填空。 1Everything you say will be recorded and will _ us.2Some herb(草本植物)can _ medicine.3The bricks(磚) _building houses.Step 6 家庭作業(yè)(Homework)1背誦2d的對話。2完成本單元學生用書第一課時的練習。§教學反思：_第二課時Section A(3a4c) 重點單詞1.nearly adv.幾乎，差不多 2.boil v. 煮沸，燒開3.remain v. 保持不變；剩余 4.national adj.國家的，民族的5.ring v發(fā)出響聲，打電話 6.smell n氣味 v發(fā)出氣味，聞到7.low adj.低的，矮的 8.translate v. 翻譯9.lock v鎖上n鎖 10.sudden adj.突然的重點詞組1.by accident偶然，意外地 2.a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong一位叫神農的中國統(tǒng)治者3.over the open fire在火堆上 4.fall into the water 落入水中 5.make tea 泡茶 6.take place 發(fā)生 7.without doubt毫無疑問 8.the saint of tea茶圣 9.It is said that 據(jù)說，聽說10.at a low price 以一個很低的價格 11.take these photos 拍這些照片 12.go out alone 單獨外出 13.translate the book into different languages 把書翻譯成不同種的語言14.all of a sudden突然 15.work on 從事，進行 重點句式1.The most popular drink in the world, was invented by accident.世界上最受歡迎的飲料是被偶然發(fā)明的。2. Many people believe that tea was first drunk by Shen Nong nearly 5，000 years ago.許多人相信茶是在將近五千年前由神農首先喝的。3.A nice smell was produced when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.當茶葉落入熱水中時發(fā)出一種很香的味道。4.It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.它也討論了什么地方出產最好的茶葉并且用什么樣的水。5.It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.已確信茶是在六到七世紀期間被帶到韓國和日本的。6.When was the zipper invented？It was invented in 1893.拉鏈是什么時候發(fā)明的？它是在1893年被發(fā)明的。7.Who was it invented by？It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.它是由誰發(fā)明的？它是被惠特科姆賈德森發(fā)明的。8.The fridge was sold at a low price.這個冰箱被以低價賣掉了。9.The students were told not to eat or drink in class. 學生們被告知在課堂上不準吃或喝任何東西。 §自主學習案翻譯下列詞組。1偶然地 _2據(jù)說_3落入水中_ 4在火堆上_ 5泡茶_6最上等的茶葉_7茶圣_8人們相信_9發(fā)生_10無疑_11以一個很低的價格_ 12拍這些照片_13單獨外出_14把書翻譯成不同種的語言_15突然_16從事_17不到，少于_§課堂導學案Step 1 準備及熱身(Preparation) 播放視頻茶葉的起源，讓學生們了解中國的茶文化，及茶葉被發(fā)明的淵源，并了解其發(fā)展過程。1What is the video about? 2Who is the writer of Cha Jing? Students try to answer the questions: It's about the tea. Lu Yu.Step 2 呈現(xiàn)及輸入 (Presentation) 1要求學生快速默讀短文，熟知大意，并完成課本3a的任務：match each paragraph with its main idea; 然后邀請幾位同學給出自己的答案，全班一起學習討論。(3分鐘)2先邀請幾位同學閱讀短文(可一人一段)，教師要注意學生的語音，給予必要的朗讀指導。然后播放錄音，全班同學一起跟讀。(3分鐘)Step 3練習及體驗 (Practice) 1完成教材3b的任務，要求學生再次閱讀短文內容，回答3b中所提出的問題。(5分鐘)2用3c方框中所給的單詞的正確形式完成句子；設置一個5分鐘的時限；然后請5位同學分別朗讀句子，同時核對答案。參考答案1invented2.drunk3.produced4.brought5.tradedStep 4 運用及生成 (Production) 短文內容鞏固練習。教師可給出一篇改寫了的短文，將一些重點的表達方式空出。讓學生在規(guī)定的時間內補全短文。然后邀請若干同學給出自己的答案。(4分鐘)Tea is the most popular drink in the world.But to our surprise, it was invented by _.It _ brought to western world _ 1610, but it was discovered 3，000 years earlier.An _ Chinese legend says Shen Nong _ the tea when he was boiling drinking water in the open air.Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and _ there for some time.And a _ smell came from the water then._ the mixture and it was wonderful.And in this way, tea was invented.Step 5 呈現(xiàn)及輸入 (Presentation) 學生閱讀Grammar Focus中的句子，然后完成本單元學生用書單元語法小專題Grammar Focus的精講專練部分。Step 6 運用及生成 (Production) 1要求學生翻開課本P44，參照4a所提供的信息和例句，用被動語態(tài)改寫句子。給出5分鐘的時限，并請4位同學在黑板上改寫，全班集體核對答案。(5分鐘)參考答案2My camera was stolen from my hotel room by somebody.3Where were these photos taken?4We were advised by our parents not to go out alone.5The book was translated by different writers into different languages.2用所給單詞的正確形式完成4b句子。給出5分鐘的時限，并請5位同學朗讀句子，全班集體核對答案。參考答案1were invited2.were brought3.was locked, rang 4.were told, broke5.were eaten, liked3先瀏覽4c的短文，確定空格處的動詞是用主動形式還是被動形式，然后用動詞的正確形式填空完成短文。給出5分鐘的時限，并請1位同學朗讀短文，全班集體核對答案。參考答案1was invented2.was born3.worked4.learned5.was invented6.was said7.is usedStep 7 鞏固及提高(Progress)探究點 The Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.毫無疑問，中國人是最了解茶的性質的民族之一。 without doubt毫無疑問地；的確，固定短語，在句中作狀語。eg.Without doubt, he is the best student in our class.毫無疑問，他是我們班上最好的學生。He is, without doubt, the greatest golfer in Japan.毫無疑問，他是日本最好的高爾夫球手。【拓展】 doubt作動詞的句型：(1)doubt名詞或代詞。eg.I doubt his words.我懷疑他的話。(2)doubt賓語從句。在否定句和疑問句中，doubt后接that引導的賓語從句。eg.I don't doubt that he can finish the work on time.我相信他能按時完成任務。在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引導的賓語從句。eg.I doubt whether/if she will keep her word.我不敢肯定她會信守諾言。針對訓練 根據(jù)漢語，完成句子。 1毫無疑問，外觀比價格重要。_，appearance comes before price.2. 我懷疑他們能否游過河去。I doubt_3我相信他一定會成功。I_ that he will succeed.Step 8 家庭作業(yè)(Homework)完成本單元學生用書第二課時的練習。§教學反思：第三課時Section B(1a1e) 重點單詞1.crispy adj. 脆的，酥脆的 2.salty adj. 咸的3.sour adj. 酸的，有酸味的 4.customer n. 顧客重點句式1. Did you know potato chips were invented by mistake？I didn't know that.Who invented them? Potato chips were invented by a cook called George Grum. 你知道土豆條是由于錯誤才發(fā)明的嗎？我不知道，是誰發(fā)明的？土豆條是由一個叫George Grum的廚師發(fā)明的。2.The customer thought the potatoes were not thin enough.顧客認為土豆不夠薄。3.Finally he put lots of salt on them so they were salty enough. 最后他在他們上面撒了許多鹽以使他們足夠咸。 §自主學習案翻譯下列詞組。1錯誤地，無意地 _2嘗起來很脆_3不夠薄_4使顧客高興_5最后終于_6在上放了很多鹽_7烹飪了很長時間_8土豆條_§課堂導學案Step 1 準備及熱身(Preparation) 1Let students watch an interesting picture.2Ask some questions about them.T: What did they eat? S1: Ice­cream.T: What did the big dog think of the ice­cream? S2: Sweet, cool, and delicious! T：Well let's look at some other delicious food, please.Step 2 呈現(xiàn)及輸入 (Presentation) 1要求學生翻開課本P45，迅速閱讀1a部分的內容。并按要求完成課本上相應的任務。 然后要求4名同學給出自己的答案，并進行個讀，齊讀。(2分鐘)2要求學生完成1b部分的任務：Write the name of a different food after each word.然后邀請幾名同學給出自己的答案。并把收集的答案列舉在黑板上。(4分鐘)參考答案sweet banana;_crispy chips;_salty noodles;_sour grapes3聽第一遍錄音，完成課本上1c部分的任務： Listen and circle T or F. (2分鐘)1T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.TStep 4 運用及生成 (Production) 1聽第二遍錄音，完成課本上1d部分的任務：Listen and complete the sentences. (2分鐘)2聽力內容鞏固訓練。要求學生根據(jù)所聽到的內容完成下列對話。完成后要求若干學生給出自己的答案。以鞏固對聽力內容的了解。(3分鐘)Do you like potato chips? Do you know how the potato chips _? Now, let's listen and fill in the blanks.Potato chips were invented _.They were invented by a chef called George Crum.One day a customer thought the fried potatoes weren't thin _ and weren't _ enough.So George cut them really thin and cooked them for a long time _ they were crispy.And he _ a lot of salt on them so they were salty.3聽第三遍錄音，并打開聽力材料，全班逐句進行跟讀。(2分鐘)4放下聽力材料，要求學生利用1c和1d的聽力內容；模仿1e方框所給的對話編造一個有關土豆條的發(fā)明的對話練習。然后邀請23對同學當堂分角色演示。看哪一對的表現(xiàn)最佳。(5分鐘)Step 5 鞏固及提高(Progress) 探究點一 Potato chips were invented by mistake.薯條是被陰差陽錯地發(fā)明的。 by mistake固定短語，意為“錯誤地”，常用在句中作狀語。eg.He took my umbrella by mistake.【拓展】 (1)make a mistake犯錯，也可寫成make mistakeseg.Don't worry, we all make mistakes.(2)mistake sb./sth.for sb./sth.把錯當成eg.I mistook her for her sister.我把她誤看成她妹妹。 針對訓練 1I'm sorry I took your pen _(錯誤地)2It's normal to _(犯錯)while learning English.3I _ (錯當成)her umbrella _ mine.探究點二George wanted to make the customer happy.喬治想使顧客高興。 make the customer happy是make的一個固定結構。其結構為：make賓形容詞，意為“使某人/物”。eg.The good news made me excited.這個好消息使我很興奮?！就卣埂?(1)make賓do sth.讓某人做某事eg.My parents often make me do some housework.我父母經(jīng)常讓我做一些家務活。(2)make賓名詞/代詞，使某人/物(成為)eg.We made him our monitor.我們讓他當我們的班長。(3)make賓動詞的過去分詞，使某人/物被eg.Can you speak louder to make yourself heard？你能說大點聲，讓別人聽得見嗎？針對訓練 用所給詞的適當形式填空。4Staying up too late makes me _(sleep)5He lost his key.It made him _(stay)outside.6His joke made us _ (laugh)7Tom played football very well.So we made him our _ (lead)Step 6 家庭作業(yè)(Homework)完成本單元學生用書第三課時的練習。§教學反思：第四課時Section B(2a2e) 重點單詞1.Canadian 加拿大的 2.divide v. 分開，分散3.hero n. 英雄，男主角 4.professional adj. 職業(yè)的，專業(yè)的5.basket n籃，筐重點詞組1.a much­loved and active sport一個深受喜愛并且積極的運動2.divideinto把分開 3.work together配合，合作4.at the same time同時 5.stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 6.dream of doing sth.夢想做某事7.look up to欽佩，仰慕 8.the professional basketball groups職業(yè)籃球機構9.decide on決定，判定 e up with想到，想起 11.lead to導致 12.all of a sudden突然 13.use someone else's idea借用其他人的想法14.more than 超過，多于15.the popularity of basketball 籃球的普及重點句式1.It is over 100 years old and is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries.它有一百多年并且在二百多個國家有一億多人都打籃球。2.It's believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21，1891.已確信歷史上的第一次籃球賽是在1891年12月21日進行的。3.Dr.Naismith created a game to be played inside on a hard floor.Dr.Naismith創(chuàng)造了一個可在室內堅硬地板上玩的游戲。4.Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.今天，隨著許多年青人夢想成為著名的球員，籃球在全世界的受歡迎程度得到上升。5.Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play，but it has also become a popular sport to watch.籃球不僅已成為受歡迎的比賽運動，而且已成為受歡迎的觀賞運動。6.This special pen was invented by Liu Jie.這個特殊的鋼筆是由劉杰發(fā)明的。7.It's hard to tell who came up with the idea first.很難斷定誰先想到這個主意。8.They think that the inventor used someone else's idea to create his or her invention.他們認為發(fā)明家是借用其他人的想法來創(chuàng)造自己的發(fā)明。 §自主學習案翻譯下列詞組。1一項深受喜愛的運動 _ _2配合，合作_ _3阻止某人做某事_ _.4夢想做某事_ _.5欽佩，仰慕_ _6想起，想到_ _7導致_ _8借用他人的想法_ _§課堂導學案Step 1 準備及熱身(Preparation) 1向同學們展示一些籃球運動的圖片，并問一些有關籃球的問題，并和全班一起討論。 T: Do you like basketball? (What's your favorite sport？) S1: Sure.I like it very much.T: Do you watch basketball games?S2: Yes.I like to watch the NBA and CBA.T: Do you know the history of basketball game? 2進行短文學習之前，教師要準備幾個有助于理解短文內容的問題。要求學生帶著問題去閱讀短文。在閱讀完短文之后應該能回答所給出的問題。參考案例1How old is the sport of basketball?It's_a_little_over_100_years_old.2When was it invented?It_was_invented_in_1861.3When was the first basketball game in history played?On_December_21st,_1891.4Why were the Berlin Olympics important for basketball?Because_it_became_an_Olympic_event_in_Berlin.5What do many Chinese play basketball for?They_play_it_for_fun_and_exercise.Step 2 呈現(xiàn)及輸入 (Presentation) 1要求學生快速默讀短文，熟知大意，并找出各段的主題大意。 然后邀請幾位同學給出自己的答案，全班一起檢查討論。(3分鐘)2先邀請幾位同學閱讀短文(可一人一段)，教師要注意語音，及時糾正。然后播放錄音，全班同學一起跟讀。(3分鐘)Step 3練習及體驗 (Practice) 1讓學生再細讀短文， 完成2c所給的記憶圖，并適當添加其他信息。(3分鐘)Step 4 運用及生成 (Production)1借助2c的信息記憶圖和你的同伴一起利用2d所給的問題一起來總結籃球的發(fā)展過程。2讓學生分組先討論一下你認為一些著名的運動員怎么樣，列舉一些要成為一名著名的籃球隊員有哪些困難。Step 5 鞏固及提高(Progress)探究點 It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21，1891.人們相信歷史上第一場籃球賽是在1891年12月21日舉行的。 It is believed that 人們相信其句型結構為：It be動詞的過去分詞that從句。句中it是形式主語，that從句才是真正的主語。eg.It is believed that he is an excellent basketball player.人們相信他是一位優(yōu)秀的籃球運動員。【拓展】 類似句型還有：It is said that 據(jù)說It is supposed that據(jù)猜測It is reported that 據(jù)報道eg.It is said that we'll have a sports meeting next week.據(jù)說下周我們要開一個運動會。It's supposed that Mary will return soon.據(jù)猜測瑪麗很快會回來。It's reported that a car accident happened in our city.據(jù)報道我市發(fā)生了一起車禍。針對訓練 根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。1_(人們認為)our life is better and better.2._(據(jù)報道)a new road will be built in our city.3._(據(jù)猜測) Mr.Black had been separated from his wife.4._(據(jù)說)a snowstorm will hit our city.Step 6 家庭作業(yè)(Homework)1試著向你的朋友用英語講述籃球的發(fā)展過程。2完成學生用書本單元第四課時的練習。§教學反思：_第五課時 Section B(3a3b) 重點單詞invention，business，description，imagine重點短語take notes，is used for，It's hard to，come up with.重點句式1.Think of something that you do not like to do. 2.Write a description of your new invention.3.This special pen was in invented by Liu Jie.It has three colors and is used for §課堂導學案Step 1 準備及熱身(Preparation) 問題導入：1Who like basketball?2Do you watch basketball games?3How much do you know about this sport?Step 2呈現(xiàn)及輸入 (Presentation)1讓學生討論完成3a表格的內容。2根據(jù)3a所給表格列舉出的內容提示，想些你不喜歡做的事，然后想一些發(fā)明來幫助你，然后和同伴進行交流，寫出提要。Step 3練習及體驗 (Practice)要求學生完成下列練習，通過練習來加強學生的理解，使所學語言得到及時的運用。( )1.It's _ that the earth is round.Abelieve BsayCbelieved Dsaying( )2.A number of the students_ on the playground now. The number_3，000.Ais；is Bis；areCare；are Dare；is( )3.The traffic accident stopped me from_ to the station on time.Aget BgettingCto get Dgot( )4.He dreamed_ a snake(蛇)Aon BwithCof DinStep 4 運用及生成 (Production)1假設你現(xiàn)在是一名商人，根據(jù)3a寫的提要以及3b方框中所給的句型、短語提示寫出一篇描述你的新發(fā)明的文章，介紹這種新產品并設法賣給你的同學們。2學生完成后評出優(yōu)秀的書信在班上展示，對于存在的問題，予以指導糾正。Step 5 家庭作業(yè)(Homework)1查找更多有關你最想了解的一項發(fā)明的信息，然后用所給提示寫句子。2完成本單元學生用書第五課時的練習。§教學反思：_