英文At present, many cities in our country exists the problem of heavy traffic, urban traffic problems have two main aspects: one is the city layout and road transportation capacity is insufficient, the supply shortage, On the other hand, because of the development of economy, the traffic demand increase. This requires using units per capita resource occupy road trip to alleviate traffic tools, increasingly serious traffic congestion, environmental protection, energy conservation has important significance. And because the bus with this advantage, alleviate the problem becomes possible to travel. Vigorously develop urban public transportation is ease traffic congestion in the first steps. Therefore, the development of urban public transport shall implement the bus priority of this concept. For the main urban public transportation, bus, the technology is improving its quality and level of user changes constantly meet vehicles and development.With the development of society and the improvement of people's living standard, the development of urban public transport vehicle for the requirements from simple to the car has comfortable and clean and beautiful, quick, safe, convenient and environmental aspects of development needs. By bus priority and direction for the sustainable development in urban transportation, should meet the requirements under the optimum utilizing resources of traffic demand, and to improve the environmental quality of the three aspects.In contemporary scientific development road, transport development is the necessary premise we human progress, because we have a faster, more comfortable, transportation, people have the efficiency of the development of the work now. So said traffic, everything changes in automotive field, this changes also exist. Now, the car is not only the main transportation, is also one of the best trends and fashion. According to concerning sectional statistic, the metropolitan transportation artery and NOx national standards, the more serious CO automobile pollution has become the main air pollutants, some cities ozone concentration has occurred, the potential danger of photochemical smoke pollution, so choose the importance of bus trip. Furthermore RenYuan mostly on the bus, can't see out of the window, and the possibility of the bus passengers under the wrong is greatly increased. Therefore, in order to facilitate passengers and invented the stops circuitAnalyses the city bus stops and automatic speech text information displayed application situation, proposed how to be transformed into products and technologyMeet the actual application environment, can reflect the product design philosophy. "" productization Based on this concept, gives a specific site data configuration design scheme of the center of the equipment and the hardware and software design, and expounds the principle of work.Currently our city bus stops and the realization of automatic speech on the big screen realization of automatic text displayed relatively low degree of technology and its application status is relatively backward, roughly as follows:1) type manual control. This kind of controller, there is always a lot of button in the pit stop, vehicles, exit, the way to run several stages are needed to control the driver. In fact, the driver's main task is to ensure safe driving cars, with the additional needed by the operation, apparently hands will increase vehicle safety hazard. With the development of science and technology, the control method is very backward.2) wireless interactive type. In every bus stations and on the bus, installation of wireless transceiver module vehicles, by bus stations approaching car and wireless module, so as to achieve the complete information interaction, without the driver's operation automatically stops. This scheme is automated, obviously a former greatly improved, but also exists some defects, such as, in identifying vehicles is pulled into the site or the reliability of the site is not high, the site configuration workload big (such as power supply, etc.), so the scheme has some difficulty promotion.3) the GPS positioning. From the technical level, the scheme from the principle of low reliability problem is how to put an advanced technical achievements of the original reason for the product, but also the productization "existed some shortage, such as: the contents of the voice stops to advance to the pronunciation chip, curing the design in many applications, but is widely used in this project, but it is not reasonable, because it goes" universal "design principle. Secondly, the screen will show content also stops to vehicle control system prior curing, from the user's perspective, through the cable configuration or update a serial port has completed installation "portable" when the equipment. Be like again, make with LCD display terminals, a public environment.Visible, an advanced technology, a former rational technical research into a "to" the product characteristics and the productization needs not only design skills, need more technical principle in design to reflect a kind of product application environment, the design concept of user application requirements. Based on this, the paper in borrowingJian many technical research designed on the basis of the "urban bus stops and automatic speech LED screen text information displayed system".The LED display is using light emitting diode matrix modules or pixels units flat display screen. Because it has the luminous rate is high, long service life, configuration, colourful and flexible for indoor and outdoor environment adaptiveness etc, since the late 1980s, with the continuous improvement of the LED manufacturing technology in abroad, has been widely used. After the reform and opening in China, especially in the 1990s, the national economic growth for public release information demand increasingly intense, LED display appear precisely adapted to the market situation, resulting in LED display design and manufacturing technology and application level are obtained a rapid increase. The LED display from monochrome, double-color graphic display, to display images, until the full color video screen today the development process. Whether during the performance (increase brightness LED display and blue light lamp etc.) and system composition (computerized all aspects of dynamic display system) has made great progress. Currently has reached the brightness of the video display all color, can satisfy all sorts of level of application conditions. Its applications throughout traffic, telecom, advertising and publicity, etc. The development of Chinese LED display that basically with world level synchronization, has formed a considerable development potential of the industry. It should be noted that China is not only in the application technology LED industry achieved great success, but also in the innovation ability has outstanding performance, such as Beijing ZhongQing data equipment company ZQL9701 vlsi chip, represents the LED display control circuit of the international level.With domestic LED display the rapid development of the industry, the LED display information to appear too little, designing and manufacturing personnel and maintenance personnel work, which had LED display technology to produce a book of the idea, the university of electronic science and technology press,'d invite grass book writing. In the book were LED display, LED display device, the graphic display, image display, video screen and other relevant technical problem is described, in order to make the work in LED display all kinds of readers can get something from this book useful materials.Due to the LED display is a comprehensive application of products, involving photonics, semiconductor devices, digital circuit, large scale integrated circuit chip microcomputer etc, and each party and spend large space method are introduced, easy to dilute theme. Using integrated circuit chip and in the simple popularization of hardware and explicit and LED a software. Above all, self-sustaining field, in this book, only by all means are directly related to display the part, but not all of their pursuit of technology related to finish, Second, try using simple popular scheme not plan, can pursue relevant technical sophistication. For example in some control circuit, use conventional integrated circuit, and surface, and avoid all related technology "top" trouble, so as to achieve the objective streamline on content.1 the overall design ideas:1) control equipment highly automated. In order not to add extra burden to the driver, operating system design in car any operation of vehicles start button, the system can work. To achieve this, based on the principle of technology: embedded OS kernel INCE W, embedded systems hardware design, GPS technology and LED screen display technology.2) system embodies "productization" design concept. Urban transit stations and the content that speech, to make great differences of product design, can adapt to the differences in a certain line or to design, should guarantee the system hardware and software, namely the generality of the equipment installed to vehicle without prior curing voice or display content, because it will lose generality, Nor through wired communications interface to transfer or update the voice and display content, it will give users tremendous inconvenience, No, such as transmission medium GPRS will make the equipment cost and operation cost doubled. The design of the hardware and software system, it is the universal particularity reflected in the contents of a SD card, replace a SD card, then change the line.3) system to provide "openness" configuration using interface. The speech and diverse stops showing the contents of the final, complete by supplier or by user, also can measure a product of popularization, the design of main factors for users to open several application software interface, user can easily and quickly take specific lines of latitude and longitude of data each site, speech and LED display stops to the contents of the SD card, SD card can be inserted into the vehicle control system. From the phonetic editing, display content type to the latitude and longitude of data, all the work finished, all the users' show great place user, opening a new lines or updates are extremely simple line.4) and trackside equipment embody "embedded" design concept. City bus or subway trains, different from inside the space is limited, which determines the design of the equipment, outstanding "embedded" concept. This design: the big screen LED display control part of the operating system OS2II/UC embedded operating systems, real-time ARM7 processor chips embedded processor choice. GPS data capture and analytical, speech broadcast part of the operating system selection may WinCE embedded real-time operating system, 0 ARM9 choice processor chips processor. In addition, in order to maximize the clipping the hardware structure of the equipment and system based on the principle of work, but is not the GPS technology vector map onto the on-board terminals. Embedded design technology ensures the on-board equipment smaller, low price and reliable, and suitable conditions, facilitate promotion.2 site configuration design dataSite configuration software installed on the bus, data center, a scheduling software application form to give users, it can complete the fundamentals for:1) speech editor. Able to edit, filtering voice source files, amplitude, interception and preservation.2) website localization. To load the vector map, locate sites can capture site longitude data.3) shows the editorial content. Can edit every site content, can edit vehicle pulled into the station, and that way suggestive and content.4) configuration or update lines. Can put into a configuration file or data SD card. SD card preservation have a database files and several attached file. The database file named: main landuse-dat. If the line is n sites, database file is n records, each record contains 3: the latitude and longitude of data items, audio file name and website site display file name. Attachment is n the audio file and n display file. N: each site audio file format for speech file format wav,. J: sound1 site 1 stops speech wav files, J: sound2 site 2 stops wav audio file, Soundn. Wav audio file name, site n. N: display file name, site display file format for TXT text format. Led1, TXT: 1 display file name, site Led2, TXT: 2 stops display file; site Ledn, TXT file name: site n show.3 automotive equipment hardware design3 1 working processThe equipment installed in transit vehicles, working principle and process is as follows:1) save hardware system of TTL FLASH loader, NANDFLASH kept on an operating system kernel and application, SDRAM for system memory, together with the minimum S3C2440 embedded system.2) equipment electric after the operation, the processor can immediately SD card of latitude and longitude of data read each site.3) start working, real-time GPS module capture process of vehicle location data, and then compared with the site, geographical data of concrete road vehicles. Vehicle state has four kinds: en, into, station, leaving. According to the different states of vehicle processor, call SD card different phonetic pronunciation document files, and start, SD card player calls in display content, transmission to the LED display shows, thus realizing the automated voice stops and text information automatically displayed. During operation stage, the LED display will continue to the next scroll display name, convenient traffic condition in grasping the passengers.3.2 processor selectionIn order to facilitate users to edit, configuration, improving site speech broadcast quality, the voice of speech in SD card save file format for general wav format, and can support play wav file format of several embedded real-time operating system, the operating system to support its WinCE higher degrees, the application program development, and more convenient to realize WinCE chose 5 0 as the on-board equipment operating system. Selection of samsung S3C2440 embedded processors as the on-board equipment CPU, because it is the main 400MHz reach for it, when TTL 64MB 2MB configuration, NANDFLASH 32MB and FLASH SDRAM, equipment can be smooth, reliable operation WinCE5. 0 operating system, it is important to have an IIS bus interface and can handle audio signal.3.3 audio decoding and broadcastUDA1341TS is specially dealing with audio signal of single chip stereo audio decoding chips, interior includes: digital-to-analog circuit, programmable gain amplifier circuit, digital automatic gain control circuit and the characteristics of digital audio processing circuit, and IIS bus interface can play high quality speech. In the hardware platform and corresponding Board Support Board (as), under the Support that BSP (samsung companies can provide source), application only need to call a AP I function can play in SD card audio file.3.4 LED display textThe LED display screen, with high brightness, low price and good visual features, LCD display, with more suitable for use in the bus. Figure 1 in LED display 128 x and the monochrome screen dot matrix, also can choose according to the specifications of the screen in other. In order to ensure users to edit display content and display body size, save to the display content SD card for text format, rather than bitmap format, because the text format and LED body specifications, matrix format and relevant specification LED screen body, users, only care about content, without having to concern the car installation is what kind of body, to avoid the edit screen display content does not adapt the vehicle mounted on the screen and can't display properly. To ensure the speech and the text synchronization, application in speech broadcast AP I call the function, the corresponding SD card in the text files through serial transmission to the LED display. The LED display control circuit of the core processor for LPC2138 (PH IL IPS ARM7 processor) of the company, it has 512 KB FLASH space, in addition to storage program code, still have a 16 (16 preinstalled matrix HanZiKu grade 2, when receiving S3C2440 transfer text characters code, data from equivalents in matrix and remove the LED screen displayed.4 WinCE5. 0 kernel structureBased on 5 0 WinCE operation system software development platform (such as EVC4. 0 or VS2005) inherited most Microsoft provides the AP I function invocation, to develop the programmer, application procedures for complex system on the bottom of the screen, most cases, only a function call. With embedded processors and memory chip price decreases, to construct a WinCE operation system can run with the hardware construct an operating system hardware equipment has not too big compared price barriers, and software and hardware platform, developers can concentrate on the development and application of the product can greatly shorten the development cycle. Below WinCE5 emphatically introduces the construction process, 0 kernel, does not involve the underlying BSP development.1) run Windows CE integrated development environment Platform 5 0 Builder.2) loading based on the specific hardware platform, if the hardware structure of BSP OEM suppliers, or on the basis of the parts, clipping need not shown in figure 1, then can directly use the OEM suppliers of BSP. 3) will provide the drive component BSP selectively load to the workspace, such as file drive, voice drives, SD card driver, serial driver etc. The driver, need only loading will WinCE kernel is small.4) compiling project, no error message, finally will automatically generate a named NK. WinCE5 of bin. 0 an operating system kernel.5) at compile successfully, and on the basis of a EVC4 for regeneration VS2005. 0 or use the SDK installation kits.6) using the OEM suppliers download software to download will NK, bin trackside equipment hardware circuit.This city bus stops and automatic speech big screen display system via text synchronization bus in the actual operation, to reach the design objective and the technical index, its design ideas and practical application of product has value.中文目前, 在我國眾多大城市普遍存在交通擁擠問題, 造成城市交通問題的原因主要有兩個方面: 一方面是城市布局及路網(wǎng)容量的不足, 即交通供給量不足; 另一方面則是因為經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展帶來的交通需求量的增加。這就要求利用單位人均出行占用道路資源較少的交通工具, 以緩解日益嚴(yán)重的交通擁擠問題, 同時對于保護(hù)環(huán)境、節(jié)約能源有重要的意義。而公共汽車因為其具有這一優(yōu)勢, 成為緩解該問題的可行出行方式。大力發(fā)展公共交通是緩解城市交通擁擠問題的首選措施。因此應(yīng)發(fā)展城市公共交通, 落實公交優(yōu)先這一理念。對于城市公共交通的主體公共汽車,首當(dāng)其沖的是不斷地提高其技術(shù)水平和質(zhì)量,使之滿足車輛使用者不斷變化的要求和發(fā)展。隨著社會的發(fā)展和人民生活水平的提高,使得城市公交的發(fā)展對于公交車輛的要求已從簡單的代步向舒適、潔凈、美觀、快捷、安全、方便、環(huán)保等多方面的需求發(fā)展。而以公交優(yōu)先為導(dǎo)向, 在城市交通可持續(xù)發(fā)展的要求下,應(yīng)該滿足交通需求、資源優(yōu)化利用以及改善環(huán)境質(zhì)量三方面的要求。在當(dāng)代科學(xué)發(fā)展的道路上，交通工如今的時代，萬物日新月異，在汽車領(lǐng)域中，這種變化也同樣存在。現(xiàn)在，汽車不僅僅是主要的交通工具之一，同時也是時尚和潮流的最好的體現(xiàn)。據(jù)有關(guān)部門統(tǒng)計，大城市交通干道的NOx和CO嚴(yán)重超過國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，汽車污染已成為主要的空氣污染物，一些城市臭氧濃度嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)，已具有發(fā)生光化學(xué)煙霧污染的潛在危險，所以選擇公共汽車出行的重要性就體現(xiàn)出來了。再者公交車上大多人源比較多，可能看不到窗外，因而乘客錯下公交車的可能性就大大增加了。因此為了方便乘客，便發(fā)明了報站電路。分析了我國城市公交自動語音報站及文字信息同步顯示應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,提出一種如何將技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化為產(chǎn)品并適應(yīng)實際應(yīng)用環(huán)境,能體現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品的“產(chǎn)品化”設(shè)計理念?；谶@種理念,給出了一個具體的站點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)配置中心的設(shè)計方案和車載設(shè)備的硬軟件設(shè)計方案,詳細(xì)闡述了其工作原理。目前我國城市公交實現(xiàn)自動語音報站及在大屏幕上實現(xiàn)文字同步顯示的自動程度還比較低,技術(shù)手段還比較落后,其應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀大致如下:1)手動控制型。這類控制器通常有很多按鈕,車輛在進(jìn)站、到站、出站、途中運(yùn)行幾個階段都需要司機(jī)來操控。事實上,司機(jī)的主要任務(wù)是保證車輛安全行駛,再賦予其額外的需要手眼并用的操作,顯然會增加車輛行駛的安全隱患。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展,這種控制手段就顯得十分落后。2)無線交互型。在每一公交站點(diǎn)和公交車輛上安裝無線收發(fā)模塊,車輛駛近公交站點(diǎn)時,通過車內(nèi)外無線模塊完成信息交互,從而實現(xiàn)自動報站,無需司機(jī)操作。此方案就自動化程度方面,顯然較前者大有提高,但也存在一些缺陷,比如,在識別車輛是駛?cè)胝军c(diǎn)還是駛離站點(diǎn)的可靠性還不高,站點(diǎn)配置工作量大(如電源等) ,因此此方案推廣起來有一些難度。3) GPS定位型。從技術(shù)層面講,此方案從原理上解決了可靠性低的問題,問題是如何把一個先進(jìn)的原理性的技術(shù)成果轉(zhuǎn)化為“產(chǎn)品化”的產(chǎn)品,還存在一些不足,如:把要報站的語音內(nèi)容事先固化到語音芯片中,這種設(shè)計在很多應(yīng)用中普遍采用,但就這個項目而言,卻十分不合理,因為它有悖于“通用化”設(shè)計原則。其次,把顯示屏要顯示的報站內(nèi)容也事先固化到車載控制系統(tǒng)內(nèi),從用戶角度看,通過有線的串行口配置或更新一個已經(jīng)安裝完成的“移動式”的車載設(shè)備談何容易。再如,用液晶顯示屏作顯示終端,很不適應(yīng)公交環(huán)境。 可見,一個先進(jìn)的技術(shù),一個原理性的技術(shù)研究成果要轉(zhuǎn)化為一個具有“產(chǎn)品化”特征的產(chǎn)品,不僅需要設(shè)計人員熟練掌握技術(shù)原理,更需要設(shè)計人員在設(shè)計時體現(xiàn)一種適應(yīng)產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用環(huán)境、符合用戶應(yīng)用需求的設(shè)計理念。基于此,本文在借鑒眾多技術(shù)研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計了這款“城市公交自動語音報站及LED大屏幕文字信息同步顯示系統(tǒng)”。