主動表示被動的13種情況回顧 一、不及物動詞與狀語連用，用以表示主語的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)常見動詞是：cut, sell, read,write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。1. This knife cuts well.這把刀好切。 2. These books sell well.這些書好賣。 3. The pen writes smoothly.這支筆寫起來流暢。 4. Meat wont keep long in such hot weather.肉在這樣熱的天氣里放不長久。 5. The cloth washes well.這種布好洗。     二、一些連系動詞的主動式形容詞。常見動look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。1. The apples taste good. 2. The flower smells wonderful. 3. The news proved/turned out true. 4. Cotton feels soft.     三、不定式在某些形容詞之后，且與主語有動賓關(guān)系。不定式修飾作表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語的形容詞時，結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+系動詞+形容詞 + 不定式；動詞+賓語+形容詞+不定式。如果形容詞是表示難易、利弊等含義:用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的常見形容詞hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible,convenient, cheap, expensive,（便利的，方便的), 等。1. The problem is easy to do. 2. The question is difficult to answer. 3. The box is heavy to carry. 4. The project is impossible to complete in a year. 5. The question is difficult to answer. 這個問題很難回答。 6. The work is easy to do. 這項工作很好做。 7. I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我覺得這種車很好坐。 8. They think it difficult to finish the work in such bad weather.他們認(rèn)為在這樣惡劣的天氣里很難完成這項工作。 9. That makes poetry difficult to write. 那就使得詩很難寫。 10. She was as easy to please as her father.  她如她媽媽一樣容易取悅。     四、Need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve(應(yīng)得，值得), be worth值得），not bear(經(jīng)不住) 后面接doing主動表被動。1. The book is worth reading. 這本書值得一讀。 2. The old building requires repairing. 這座古建筑需要修了。 3. These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully. 這些幼苗將需要小心的照管。 4.  Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut). 你的頭發(fā)該剪了。     五、不定式作定語，放在被修飾詞后面，與前面被修飾的名詞或代詞有動賓關(guān)系，又在句子中與另一名詞或代詞有主謂關(guān)系，不定式要用主動表被動含義。1. I have much work to do. 我有許多要做的事情。（與work有動賓關(guān)系，與I有主謂關(guān)系） 2. Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom在找一間住的房間。（與room有動賓關(guān)系，與Tom 有主謂關(guān)系） 3. He has a family to support. 他要維持一個家庭。（與family有動賓關(guān)系，與he有主謂關(guān)系）     六、在be to結(jié)構(gòu)中的一些不定式:這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常應(yīng)用主動表被動。下列動詞用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義:1. Who is to blame for starting the fire? 這場火災(zāi)應(yīng)由誰負(fù)責(zé)? 2. You are to blame for the accident. 你應(yīng)為這事受動責(zé)備。 3. The house is to let.此房出租。 4. A lot remains to do.還剩下許多事情要做。     七、系動詞沒有被動形式,但有些系動詞常表示被動意義。常見的有taste(吃起來), sound (聽起來), prove(證明是), feel(摸上去感到), look(看起來)，smell(聞起來)等, appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn例如:1. Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由聽起來很合理。 2. Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良藥苦口。     八、一些與can''t(不能)或won''t(不會)連用的動詞。常用的有: lock(鎖住), shut(關(guān)上) , open(打開), act(上演), write(寫)，cut(砍，切)，wear(穿，戴)等,用作不及物動詞時，用主動表被動。例如:1. The door won''t open.這門打不開。 2. It can''t move.它不能動。     九、一些動詞如sell(銷售) , wash(洗), clean(打掃), burn(燃燒), cook(煮)等與副詞如well(好), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等連用 ,描會事物的特性，用主動表被動，結(jié)構(gòu)是主語+動詞+加副詞。例如:1. The book sells well. 這種書很暢銷。 2. These clothes wash easily. 這些衣服很易洗。 3. The pen writes well. 這筆很好寫。     十、主語much, a great deal, little, what等，其表語如是不定式，則用不定式的主動表被動。1. What is to do? 做什么？ 2. Much is to do. 太多要做的事。     十一、在“there be”句型中作主語的定語如果是現(xiàn)在分詞時，所用的現(xiàn)在分詞要用主動表被動意義。1. There is nothing doing these days. 這些天沒事干。 2. I see theres a good idea planning. 我知道又在打好主意。    十二、不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語： fit, have,  marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch， agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to   十三、不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài)：   appear, die disappear, end (vi. 結(jié)束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand，   break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.   The fact remains to be proved.事實尚待證明比較： rise, fall, happen是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞。(錯) The price has been risen.(對) The price has risen.(錯) The accident was happened last week.(對) The accident happened last week.(錯) The price has raised.(對) The price has been raised.(錯) Please seat.(對) Please be seated.7參考分析#