第二部分專(zhuān)項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法高效突破,專(zhuān)項(xiàng)11動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成,高頻考點(diǎn)精講,2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法,不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。如：ThewatchismadeinChina.這塊手表是在中國(guó)制造的。沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。如：Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.每年必須種更多的樹(shù)。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越來(lái)越多的人說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)。,說(shuō)話或發(fā)表意見(jiàn)時(shí)，為了顯得客觀公正，常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。常用句型：Itissaidthat.據(jù)說(shuō)Itisreportedthat.據(jù)報(bào)道Itis(well)knownthat.眾所周知如：Itissaidthatwellhaveanewmanager.聽(tīng)說(shuō)我們要有新經(jīng)理了。ItisbelievedthatprintingwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.一般相信印刷術(shù)最早是由中國(guó)人發(fā)明的。Itisreportedthatatrafficaccidenttookplaceearlythismorning.據(jù)報(bào)道今天清晨有車(chē)禍發(fā)生。,考點(diǎn)2被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊形式,1.主動(dòng)句中感官動(dòng)詞see，hear，watch，feel等和使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have等后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)加上不定式的符號(hào)to。如：Thegreatnewsmadeherfeelhappy.Shewasmadetofeelhappybythegreatnews.這好消息使她很高興。2need，require，want，worth等后跟動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：Hisbikeneedsmending.他的自行車(chē)需要修一下。3特殊結(jié)構(gòu)“makeoneselfheard/understood”和“have/getsth.done”。如：Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.我昨天剪頭發(fā)了。,十年真題全練,近十年來(lái)，臨沂中考對(duì)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查一般是1至2道小題，考查形式以單項(xiàng)填空和動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用兩種題型為主。預(yù)測(cè)在2018年臨沂中考中，單項(xiàng)填空和動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用仍然會(huì)有1道題考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主要有三種時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,考點(diǎn)1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),1.2016臨沂，19NowallChinesecouples_tohavetwochildren.AallowBallowedCareallowedDwereallowed,C,22012臨沂，33Everyyear，morethan70，000，000sharks_fortheirfins.AwerekilledBhavekilledCarekilledDwillkilled32009臨沂，31Theworldhasabigheadacheandit_bymoney.ItbeganinAmericalastyear.AcauseBcausesCiscausedDarecaused42008臨沂，89Dangerousdrivingcausesmanyaccidents.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Manyaccidents_bydangerousdriving.,C,C,are,caused,考點(diǎn)2一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),5.2017臨沂，24Theyhavecollectedmorethan14，000bookssincethelibrary_lastmonth.AbuiltBwasbuiltCbuildsDisbuilt62014臨沂，18Threebridges_overtheriverfiveyearsago.AbuiltBbuildCwerebuiltDarebuilt72013臨沂，33DoyouknowEarthDay?Sure.It_in1970totellustoprotectourplanet.AsetsupBsetupCissetupDwassetup,B,C,D,考點(diǎn)3含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),8.2015臨沂，24Teenagersshould_totakecareofthemselvesfromayoungage.AeducateBbeeducatingChaveeducatedDbeeducated,猜押預(yù)測(cè),單項(xiàng)填空1WiththedevelopmentofChina，Chinese_byalargenumberofpeopleintheworld.AspeaksBisspokenCspeakDisspeaking2Smartphones_intheclassroom.AarentallowedBarentallowingCallowDisallowed,D,B,A,3Paper_first_about2，000yearsagoinChina.Ais；creatingBis；createdChas；createdDwas；created4Chinas23rdBeidouSatellite_intospaceonJune12，2016.AsChinese，weareproudofit.AhassentBissentCwillsendDwassent5Childrenshould_tobehonestfromayoungage.AeducateBbeeducatedCpunishDbepunished,D,D,B,