任務(wù)5 三相異步電動機的 降壓啟動控制線路,全壓啟動：啟動時加在電動機定子繞組上的電壓為電動機的額定電壓。 降壓啟動：利用啟動設(shè)備將電壓適當降低后，加到電動機的定子繞組上進行啟動，待電動機啟動運轉(zhuǎn)后，再使其電壓恢復(fù)到額定電壓正常運轉(zhuǎn)。 電動機的直接啟動條件：,1,M 3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,FR,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,FR,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,2,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,合上電源開關(guān)QS,M 3,FR,FR,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,降壓啟動: 按下SB1 KM1線圈得電,M 3,FR,FR,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,4,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,松開SB1, 繼續(xù)電動機降壓啟動,M 3,FR,FR,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,5,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KT延時閉合, KM2線圈得電,M 3,FR,FR,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,6,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM2 聯(lián)鎖觸頭斷開,對KM1聯(lián)鎖,KM1線圈失電,M 3,FR,FR,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,7,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM2 自鎖觸頭閉合,自鎖 KM2主觸頭閉合,電阻被短路,M 3,FR,FR,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,8,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1自鎖觸頭閉合,自鎖 KM1主觸頭閉合,電動機降壓啟動KM1動合輔助觸頭閉合,KT線圈得電,M 3,FR,FR,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,9,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1自鎖觸頭斷開,解除自鎖 KM1主觸頭斷開，電動機全壓運行 KM1動合輔助觸頭斷開,KT線圈失電,KT延時閉合觸頭瞬時斷開,M 3,FR,FR,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,10,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,停： 按下SB2,M 3,FR,FR,2.時間繼電器控制串聯(lián)電阻降壓啟動,KT,11,二、自耦變壓器降壓啟動控制線路,自耦變壓器降壓啟動：在電動機啟動時利用 自耦變壓器來降低加在電動機定子繞組上的啟動 電壓。待電動機啟動后，再使電動機與自耦變壓 器脫離，從而在全壓下正常運行。,12,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,FR,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KT,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,TM,13,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,合上電源開關(guān)QS,TM,FR,KT,14,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,按SB2 KM1線圈得電,TM,FR,KT,15,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1聯(lián)鎖觸頭分斷，對KM3聯(lián)鎖，KM1主觸頭閉合，自耦變壓器TM聯(lián)結(jié)成星形 KM1動合輔助觸頭閉合，KM2線圈得電，KT線圈得電,TM,FR,KT,16,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2主觸頭閉合，電動機M接入電機降壓啟動 KM2動合輔助觸頭閉合，自鎖，松開SB2,TM,FR,KT,17,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KT延時斷開的動斷觸頭延時分斷 KM1線圈失電 KT延時閉合的動合觸頭延時閉合,TM,FR,KT,18,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1線圈失電 KM1動合觸頭分斷KM1主觸頭分斷 電動機M失電慣性運行 KM1聯(lián)鎖觸頭閉合,TM,FR,KT,19,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM3線圈得電 KM3 自鎖觸頭閉合 ，自鎖 M3主觸頭閉合 電動機M全壓運行,TM,FR,KT,20,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM3聯(lián)鎖觸頭分斷 KM2線圈失電 KM2主觸頭分斷 KM2自鎖觸頭分斷,TM,FR,KT,21,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KT延時斷開的動斷觸頭瞬時閉合 KT延時閉合的動合觸頭瞬時斷開,TM,FR,KT,22,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,停： 按SB1,TM,FR,KT,23,電動機啟動時，把電動機的定子繞組接成 星形，電動機定子繞組電壓低于電源電壓起 動，啟動即將完畢時再恢復(fù)成三角形，電動機 便在額定電壓下正常運行。,三、Y降壓啟動控制線路,24,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,KM,SB1,SB2,KM,U,V,W,QS,KMY,KM,KMY,KM,KMY,KT,KM,電路組成分析,KMY,KT,M 3,FR,FR,2. 時間繼電器自動控制Y降壓啟動控制線路,25,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,KM,SB1,SB2,KM,U,V,W,QS,KMY,KM,KMY,KM,KMY,KT,KM,合上電源開關(guān)QS,KMY,KT,M 3,FR,FR,2. 時間繼電器自動控制Y降壓啟動控制線路,26,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,KM,SB1,SB2,KM,U,V,W,QS,KMY,KM,KMY,KM,KMY,KT,KM,降壓啟動: 按下SB1 KT線圈得電 KMY線圈得電,KMY,KT,M 3,FR,FR,2. 時間繼電器自動控制Y降壓啟動控制線路,27,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,KM,SB1,SB2,KM,U,V,W,QS,KMY,KM,KMY,KM,KMY,KT,KM,KMY主觸頭閉合 KMY動合輔助觸頭閉合 KMY動斷輔助觸頭斷開 KM自鎖觸頭閉合 KM主觸頭閉合 電動機降壓啟動,KMY,KT,M 3,FR,FR,2. 時間繼電器自動控制Y降壓啟動控制線路,28,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,KM,SB1,SB2,KM,U,V,W,QS,KMY,KM,KMY,KM,KMY,KT,KM,松開SB1 電動機繼續(xù) 降壓啟動,KMY,KT,M 3,FR,FR,2. 時間繼電器自動控制Y降壓啟動控制線路,29,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,KM,SB1,SB2,KM,U,V,W,QS,KMY,KM,KMY,KM,KMY,KT,KM,KT延時斷開的動斷觸頭延時分斷 KMY線圈失電 KMY主觸頭斷開 KMY動合輔助觸頭斷開 KMY動斷輔助觸頭閉合 KM 主觸頭閉合 KM 動斷輔助觸頭斷開 KT線圈失電 電動機全壓運行,KMY,KT,M 3,FR,FR,2. 時間繼電器自動控制Y降壓啟動控制線路,30,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,KM,SB1,SB2,KM,U,V,W,QS,KMY,KM,KMY,KM,KMY,KT,KM,停: 按下SB2,KMY,KT,M 3,FR,FR,2. 時間繼電器自動控制Y降壓啟動控制線路,31,KT,KM2,SB2,KM3,KM1,KT,SB1,KM2,延邊三角形降壓啟動控制原理,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,FR,KM1,KM2,U1,V1,W1,QS,KM1,KM2,W3,U3,V3,W2,U2,V2,KM3,KT,KM3,KM3,電路組成分析,M 3,32,KT,KM2,SB2,KM3,KM1,KT,SB1,KM2,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,FR,KM1,KM2,U1,V1,W1,QS,KM1,KM2,W3,U3,V3,W2,U2,V2,KM3,KT,KM3,KM3,合上電源開關(guān)QS,延邊三角形降壓啟動控制原理,M 3,33,KT,KM2,SB2,KM3,KM1,KT,SB1,KM2,L1L2L3,FR,KM1,KM2,U1,V1,W1,KM1,KM2,W3,U3,V3,W2,U2,V2,KM3,KT,KM3,KM3,按SB2 KM3線圈得電,FU1,FU2,QS,延邊三角形降壓啟動控制原理,M 3,34,KT,KM2,SB2,KM3,KM1,KT,SB1,KM2,L1L2L3,FR,KM1,KM2,U1,V1,W1,KM1,KM2,W3,U3,V3,W2,U2,V2,KM3,KT,KM3,KM3,KM3聯(lián)鎖觸頭分斷， 對KM2聯(lián)鎖KM3主觸頭閉合 聯(lián)結(jié)成延邊三角形 KM 動合輔助觸頭閉合,FU1,FU2,QS,延邊三角形降壓啟動控制原理,M 3,35,KT,KM2,SB2,KM3,KM1,KT,SB1,KM2,L1L2L3,FR,KM1,KM2,U1,V1,W1,KM1,KM2,W3,U3,V3,W2,U2,V2,KM3,KT,KM3,KM3,KM1線圈得電KM1自鎖觸頭閉合,自鎖,松開SB2 KM1主觸頭閉合,電動機延邊三角形降壓啟動, KT線圈得電,FU1,FU2,QS,延邊三角形降壓啟動控制原理,M 3,36,KT,KM2,SB2,KM3,KM1,KT,SB1,KM2,L1L2L3,FR,KM1,KM2,U1,V1,W1,KM1,KM2,W3,U3,V3,W2,U2,V2,KM3,KT,KM3,KT線圈得電KT延時斷開的動斷觸頭延時分斷 , KM3線圈失電 KT延時閉合的動合觸頭延時閉合， KM2線圈得電,FU1,FU2,QS,延邊三角形降壓啟動控制原理,M 3,37,KT,KM2,SB2,KM3,KM1,KT,SB1,KM2,L1L2L3,FR,KM1,KM2,U1,V1,W1,KM1,KM2,W3,U3,V3,W2,U2,V2,KM3,KT,KM3,KM3線圈失電 KM3動合觸頭分斷， KM3主觸頭分斷，電動機失電慣性運行 KM2線圈得電KM2自鎖觸頭閉合，自鎖,FU1,FU2,QS,延邊三角形降壓啟動控制原理,M 3,38,KT,KM2,SB2,KM3,KM1,KT,SB1,KM2,L1L2L3,FR,KM1,KM2,U1,V1,W1,KM1,KM2,W3,U3,V3,W2,U2,V2,KM3,KT,KM3,KM2主觸頭閉合，電動機全電運行 KM2聯(lián)鎖觸頭斷開，KT線圈失電,KT觸頭復(fù)位,KM3,FU1,FU2,QS,延邊三角形降壓啟動控制原理,M 3,39,KT,KM2,SB2,KM3,KM1,KT,SB1,KM2,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,FR,KM1,KM2,U1,V1,W1,QS,KM1,KM2,W3,U3,V3,W2,U2,V2,KM3,KT,KM3,KM3,停: 按下SB1,延邊三角形降壓啟動控制原理,M 3,40,