第一步 循序漸進(jìn)，提升寫(xiě)作技能,第一講 短小精悍的簡(jiǎn)單句,英語(yǔ)中最重要、最基本的句式有五種，復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)都是這些基本句型的擴(kuò)展和延伸。因此，加強(qiáng)對(duì)五種基本句型的學(xué)習(xí)是寫(xiě)作的基礎(chǔ)，也是提高英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作水平的前提。 除了系動(dòng)詞be外，還有一些動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞：表感官的動(dòng)詞(feel，smell，taste，sound等)，表“像”的動(dòng)詞(look，appear，seem等)，表狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞(bee，get，grow，turn，go等)，表延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞(remain，keep，hold，stay等)。作表語(yǔ)的通常是名詞、形容詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)或從句。 1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名詞作表語(yǔ)) 2.Gradually he became silent.(形容詞作表語(yǔ)),系表結(jié)構(gòu)：Slinkv.P,3.She remained standing for an hour.(現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)) 4.The question remained unsolved.(過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)) 5.The machine is out of order.(介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)) 6.The television was on.(副詞作表語(yǔ)) 7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)) 8.My job is repairing cars.(動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)) 9.The question is what you want to do.(從句作表語(yǔ)，即：表語(yǔ)從句),名師點(diǎn)津 在下面的句子中，形容詞作表語(yǔ)，在表語(yǔ)的后面常常接不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。 1.Im happy to meet you. 2.They are willing to help. 3.We are determined to follow his example.,這種句型中的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))大多是不及物動(dòng)詞，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))常見(jiàn)的有：take place，happen，break out，appear，disappear，apologize，arrive，go，e，die，count，matter，fall，rise等。有些動(dòng)詞如wash，sell，burn，write，clean，cook，read等可以在后面加副詞表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，也用于主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。 1.The sun is rising. 2.Ill try. 3.Did you sleep well？(well作狀語(yǔ)，修飾不及物動(dòng)詞sleep) 4.The engine broke down.,主謂結(jié)構(gòu)：SV,名師點(diǎn)津 在此句型中，有少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義，表達(dá)主語(yǔ)本身所具有的特征，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 1.The book sells well. 2.The window wont shut. 3.The pen writes smoothly. 4.Cheese cuts easily.,主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)是英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的句型，謂語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))，賓語(yǔ)通常是名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式等。 1.Do you know these people(them)？(名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)) 2.I cant express myself in English.(反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)) 3.He smiled a strange smile.(同源賓語(yǔ)) 4.We cant afford to pay such a price.(不定式作賓語(yǔ)) 5.Would you mind waiting a few minutes？(動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)) 6.I hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(從句作賓語(yǔ)，即：賓語(yǔ)從句) 名師點(diǎn)津 并不是所有的及物動(dòng)詞都可以接上述各種情況作賓語(yǔ)，不同的動(dòng)詞有不同的用法，所以，在學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一定要掌握其用法。,主謂賓：SVO,在英語(yǔ)的雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是能帶一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)和一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞被稱為雙賓語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞。這種帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞也可以與介詞to或for連用，構(gòu)成“主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞直接賓語(yǔ)介詞間接賓語(yǔ)”的句型。間接賓語(yǔ)前需要加to的常用動(dòng)詞：bring，give，hand，lend，offer，owe，pass，write，send，show，tell，teach等。間接賓語(yǔ)前需要加for的常用動(dòng)詞：buy，call，cook，choose，draw，find，get，sing，spare。 1.He handed me a letter.He handed a letter to me. 2.She gave me her telephone number.She gave her telephone number to me. 3.She sang us a folk song.She sang a folk song for us. 4.She cooked us a delicious meal.She cooked a delicious meal for us.,雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)：SVO(間接賓語(yǔ)人)O (直接賓語(yǔ)事物),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)內(nèi)容的，通常放在賓語(yǔ)的后面，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。名詞、形容詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)等常常作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 1.He found his new job boring.(形容詞作賓補(bǔ)) 2.They called their daughter Mary.(名詞作賓補(bǔ)) 3.This placed her in a very difficult position.(介詞短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)) 4.We went to her house but found her out.(副詞作賓補(bǔ)) 5.What do you advise me to do？(不定式作賓補(bǔ)),復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)：SVOC,6.We thought him to be an honest man.(to be作賓補(bǔ)) 7.He believed them to have discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式作賓補(bǔ)) 8.He believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的進(jìn)行式作賓補(bǔ)) 9.Did you notice him e in？(不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)) 10.I saw her chatting with Nancy.(現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)) 11.He watched the piano carried upstairs.(過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)),跟 蹤 訓(xùn) 練,.用下面所給的動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)， 按要求完成下面句子 leave 1.They _ (將離開(kāi))tomorrow. (主謂) 2.The boy _ (把書(shū)落在這里)yesterday. (主謂賓) 3.Tom always _ (做不完作業(yè))at night. (主謂賓賓補(bǔ)) 4.His grandfather _(留給兒子一所大房子)after his death. (主謂間賓直賓),will leave,left his book here,leaves his homework unfinished,left his son a big house, write 5.We _ (用鋼筆寫(xiě)字). (主謂) 6.She often _(寫(xiě)報(bào)告)for a newspaper. (主謂賓) 7.She _(給我寫(xiě)信)last week. (主謂間賓直賓),write with pens,writes reports,wrote me a letter,.翻譯句子 1.我們的語(yǔ)文老師很隨和。 2.他所說(shuō)的話聽(tīng)起來(lái)有道理。 3.孩子們急急忙忙向博物館方向走去。 4.在去哪兒度假的問(wèn)題上我父母最終讓步了。,_ _ _ _,Our Chinese teacher is very easy-going.,What he said sounds reasonable.,The children walked in the direction of the museum in a hurry.,My parents gave in at last on where to spend the holiday.,5.我喜歡跟Smith一起工作。 6.他幾乎不知道如何寫(xiě)作文。 7.售票員把車(chē)票一一給了乘客。 8.我給兒子買(mǎi)了個(gè)筆記本電腦作為禮物。,_ _ _ _,I enjoy working with Smith.,He hardly knows how to write a position.,The conductor gave the tickets to the passengers one by one.,I bought a laptop for my son as a gift.,9.孩子們把新年晚會(huì)辦得很成功。 10.他讓狗圍著桌子跑。,_ _,Children made the new year party a success.,He had the dog run around the desk.,.典型病句診斷 1.Im very much like English._ 2.My favourite subjects including English and Chinese._ 3.The future life will bee more and more better. _ 4.In their opinion，go to university is the only way to success._ 5.There have many students talking outside._ 6.He cost ten dollars for the book._ 7.She is confidence and patience._,I like English very much.,includinginclude,more and more betterbetter and better,gogoing,haveare,costpaid,confidence and patienceconfident and patient,8.I followed Mr.Smith enter the office._ 9.Has he returned back yet？_ 10.He leave Beijing on a cold winter night._ 11.I worked hardly in order to catch up with others._ 12.The fire destroied their houses._ 13.She fell very happy at the news._ 14.He is works very hard._ 15.My home village has taken place great changes in the past few years. _,enter前加to,去掉back,leaveleft,hardlyhard,destroieddestroyed,fellfelt,去掉is,Great changes have taken place in my home village in the past few years.,