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,請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示，以“南極洲Antarctica”為題寫一篇短文(詞數(shù)：100詞左右)。 1. 南極洲在地球的最南端(extreme south)； 2. 它的面積大約14萬平方公里； 3. 它是世界上最寒冷的地方，常年有冰雪覆蓋； 4. 它的自然資源有企鵝 (penguin)、鯨(whale)、鐵、煤等； 5. 目前還只有一些科學(xué)工作者在那里。 范文背誦 Antarctica Antarctica, which is the coldest continent in the world, lies in the extreme south of the earth. It has an area of about 140，000 square kilometers. It is covered with cold thick ice and deep snow all year long．But it is a very rich continent．,It has many well-known animals such as penguins, whales and it is also rich in mineral resources including iron, coal and so on．Up to now only some visiting scientists live there．Maybe one day lots of households will live there. 句型背誦 ①Antarctica, which is the coldest continent in the world, lies in the extreme south of the earth. ②It is covered with cold thick ice and deep snow all year long. ③Up to now only some visiting scientists live there．,1. _____ adj. 每年的；按年度計(jì)算的；n. 年刊；年鑒→ _____ adv.年度地；每年地 2. _____ n.住所；住宿→ _____ v.能容納；能供留宿 3. _____ prep.在……對(duì)面；adj.相對(duì)的；相反的→ _____ n. 反對(duì)，敵對(duì)；抵抗→ _____ adv.相反地 4. _____ n.深（度）；深處→ _____ adj. 深的；深刻的→ _____ adv.深深地；強(qiáng)烈地；非常地 5. _____ vt. 催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策→ _____ n. 緊急；迫切→ _____ adj.急迫的，迫切的，緊急的 6. _____ vt. 放棄；拋棄；遺棄→ _____ adj. 放縱的；墮落的→ _____ n.放棄 7. _____ n. 關(guān)系；血緣關(guān)系；交往→ _____ n. 關(guān)系；關(guān)聯(lián)→ _____ adj. 比較上的；相對(duì)的 8. _____ n.保護(hù)；保存→ _____ v.保存；保護(hù) → _____ adj.保守的；保守主義的,句型背誦 ①It is said that slightly more than 50%,9. _____ vt. 思考；映射；反射;vi.思考→ _____ n. 反射；回響→ _____ adj.反射的；反省的 10. _____ adj. 意識(shí)到的；知道的 → _____ n. 覺察；自覺，覺悟 11. _____ adj.好的；整齊的；勻稱的 → _____ adv. 整潔地；干凈地 12. _____ adj. 狹窄的；有限的；狹隘的 → _____ adv. 僅僅；勉強(qiáng)地 答案：1. annual; annually2. accommodation; accommodate 3. opposite; opposition; oppositely4. depth; deep; deeply 5. urge; urgency; urgent6. abandon; abandoned; abandonment 7. relationship; relation; relative 8. conservation; conserve; conservative 9. reflect; reflection; reflective10. aware; awareness 11. neat; neatly12. narrow; narrowly,1. _____ the sea 海底世界 2. _____ the internet 在網(wǎng)上 3. sort _____ 分類 4. yell _____ 大聲喊出 5. ahead _____ 在……前面 6. have . _____ 穿……衣服 7. lead sb. _____ 引領(lǐng)某人到…… 8. draw _____ 靠近 9. a pack _____ 一包 10. _____ that moment 正在那時(shí) 11. aim _____ 瞄準(zhǔn) 12. let . _____ 讓……離開 13. bring _____ 收回； 引進(jìn) 14. take _____ 繼承；接管；占據(jù) 15. help（.） _____ 幫助（某人）擺脫困境或危難,16. upside_______ 上下翻轉(zhuǎn) 答案：1. under 2. on 3. out 4. out 5. of 6. on 7. to 8. closer 9. of 10. at 11. at 12. go 13. in 14. over 15. out16. down,1. I ____ _____ heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting, ____ ____ ____ I didn’t have the right clothes on, I raced after him. 我以前就聽說過，喬治不喜歡等人，所以盡管我還沒有穿上合適的衣服，就跟在他后面跑起來。 2.____ James’s____ , I____ _____ he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 從詹姆斯的臉上我能看出他非?？只牛卤晃覀冞z棄。 答案：1. had already; so even though2. From; face; could see,1. witness vt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)見到；目擊n.目擊者；證人；證據(jù) I witnessed an accident on my way home yesterday. 昨天我在回家的路上目擊到一場(chǎng)事故。 He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room. 他作證說他看到那個(gè)人進(jìn)入房間。 The police found the witness to the murder case. 警察找到了這件謀殺案的證據(jù)。 The old man witnessed for（=gave witness to） an accused person. 那位老人為被告作證。 用法點(diǎn)撥： witness 作名詞時(shí)①當(dāng)表示“某人某事的證據(jù)或證人”時(shí)，該所,屬關(guān)系用介詞to,不用of 。類似于the key to question，即：a witness to sb./sth. ②當(dāng)表示“為……作證;證明……”時(shí)， 用bear/give witness to. ③上述to均為介詞。 witness 作動(dòng)詞時(shí)①表示“為……作證”時(shí)，用witness for. ②表示“作證證明發(fā)生了……”時(shí)， 用witness to sth./doing sth. 【速記名片】 一石四鳥之句 The witness(目擊者) who witnessed（目擊） the accident bore witness（作證） to the police and promised to be a witness（證人） to the accident. 目擊了這場(chǎng)事故的目擊者向警察提供證據(jù)并答應(yīng)做證人。,【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①我們聚集在一起見證歷史，觀看教師克里斯塔·麥考利夫歷史性的飛行。 We all came ____ _____ history and watch the historic flight of teacher Christa McAuliffe. ②他作證證明看到那個(gè)男人進(jìn)入這個(gè)建筑物。 He____ ____ having seen the man enter the building. ③在世無朋友,死后無證人。 Life without a friend is death_____ ____ _____ . 答案：①to witness②witnessed to③without a witness 2. urge vt. 催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策 【聯(lián)想拓展】 urgency n.緊急；迫切；急迫 urgent adj.緊急的；急迫的;執(zhí)拗的 We Chinese people have persistently urged the equality of nations big or small.,我們中國(guó)人民一貫堅(jiān)決主張國(guó)無大小應(yīng)一律平等。 Mother urged me not to tell you anything about it． 媽媽要求我什么也不要對(duì)你說。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth. 力勸/催促某人做某事 urge sb. to do sth. =urge sb. into doing sth.激勵(lì)/慫恿某人做某事 have an urge to do sth.迫切要求做某事 urge that.=It is urged that.極力主張（用虛擬語氣，即should+動(dòng)詞原形） 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①他們慫恿我吃那種奇怪的食物。 They____ me ____ eat the strange food. ②他揮揮手似乎在鼓勵(lì)我們前進(jìn)。 He waved his hand as if_____ us on. ③她主張我應(yīng)該向他道歉。,She____ _____ I (should) apologize to him. ④他們堅(jiān)持他們所提出的要求。 They in their demands. 答案：①urged;to②urge③urged that④were urgent 3. abandon vt. 遺棄；拋棄；放棄 【聯(lián)想拓展】 abandoned adj. 放蕩的，放縱的，無拘束的 I’m sorry I abandoned you like that. 很抱歉我那樣突然拋下你走了。 We will never abandon our principles. 我們應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持原則。 People were shouting and cheering with abandon. 人們興高采烈，縱情歡呼。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： abandon oneself to沉湎于……;縱情于…… abandon doing sth.放棄做某事 with abandon放縱地,【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①他們沉湎于飲酒。 They ____ ____ ____ ____ . ②不要悲觀失望。 Don’t ____ ____ ____ ____ . 答案：①abandon themselves to drinking ②abandon yourself to despair 【速記名片】 一石三鳥之句 The boy was abandoned by his mother. Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street, abandoning himself to despair. 那個(gè)男孩被他的媽媽拋棄了。后來有人發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)被拋棄的孩子在大街上流浪，他已陷入了絕境。 【易混辨析】 abandon/desert/forsake abandon 強(qiáng)調(diào)永遠(yuǎn)或完全放棄人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。,desert 著重指違背法律責(zé)任和義務(wù)或自己的信仰與誓言的行為，多含非難的意味。 forsake 通常表示與某人或某物脫離關(guān)系或戒掉壞習(xí)慣。 【即學(xué)即練】 用abandon, desert, forsake的適當(dāng)形式填空 ③Jackson has_____ his old car. ④The police are looking for a woman who _____ her children. ⑤She has_____ her boyfriend. 答案：③abandoned④deserted⑤forsaken 4. aware adj. 意識(shí)到的；知道的 He was not aware of his failure. 他沒意識(shí)到自己的失敗。 I am too sleepy to be aware how cold it is. 我太困了，以致沒覺察到天氣那么冷。,常用結(jié)構(gòu)： be／become aware of sth．意識(shí)到某事 be aware that-clause知道……；意識(shí)到…… make sb．a(chǎn)ware that-clause提醒某人注意…… make sb．a(chǎn)ware of.讓某人注意到…… as far as I’m aware據(jù)我所知 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①他沒有意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。 He wasn’t ____ ____ the danger． ②她知道我要來嗎? Is she ____ ____ I’m coming? 答案：①aware of②aware that 溫馨提示：aware adj. 意為“知道的，明白的，意識(shí)到”， 即having knowing。通常作表語或補(bǔ)足語，不作定語，后接that從句或of 介詞短語。aware后跟名詞性從句時(shí)，一般在從句前不能用of，但在what從句前必須用of。,5. hang v.掛，吊；絞死；低垂；下垂 Big lights hung from the ceiling. 天花板上吊著幾盞大吊燈。 The branches hung down and touched the water. 樹枝低垂，下拂水面。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： hang back躊躇不前，退縮 hang down下垂，低下頭 hang on to緊緊握??；堅(jiān)持下去 hang about=hang around徘徊，蕩來蕩去 hang up掛，吊；拖延；終止；掛斷電話 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①預(yù)算問題使得該工程推遲了幾個(gè)月。 Budget problems_____ _____ the project for months. ②那個(gè)男孩羞愧地低下了頭。 The boy_____ his head in shame. 答案：①hung up ②hung,【速記名片】 hang動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的兩種變化為：規(guī)則的“絞死”，不規(guī)則的“懸掛”即： hang-hung-hung 懸掛 hang-hanged-hanged絞死；上吊 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 ③The picture_____ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 解析：選B?？疾楝F(xiàn)在分詞作定語的用法。根據(jù)句意“墻上掛的那幅畫是我侄子畫的”可知，空白處所填的動(dòng)詞形式在句中作定語，表說話時(shí)仍在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)。解題關(guān)鍵在于分析picture與hang之間的邏輯關(guān)系。,6. throw oneself out of 躍出 【聯(lián)想拓展】 throw oneself at沖向 throw oneself into投身手；積極從事 throw away扔掉 throw up嘔吐 throw sb. into prison把某人投入監(jiān)獄 throw at對(duì)準(zhǔn)向……扔去(希望擊中) throw to向……(方向)扔去 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①那個(gè)人突然躍出水面說“我在這兒”。 The man suddenly _____ himself _____ the water and said “I’m here”. ②我們滿懷熱情地投入到準(zhǔn)備工作中。,We ____ ourselves_____ the preparations with enthusiasm. ③他突然被投入監(jiān)獄。 He was _____ _____ prison. 答案：①threw; out of②threw; into③thrown into 7. bring in帶來; 獲利，賺；求援；求助；引進(jìn) 【聯(lián)想拓展】 bring about changes引起變化 bring along把……帶來 bring back歸還;把……送回；使回憶起 bring down使倒下；降低；減少 bring on使前進(jìn)；使發(fā)生，導(dǎo)致 bring out取出，說出；出版 bring up教育；撫養(yǎng)；嘔吐；提出 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①他上個(gè)月介紹了六位新會(huì)員。 He_____ _____ six new members last month. ②飛行員把失靈的飛機(jī)降落在田野里。 The pilot____ his crippled plane_____ in a field.,③這張舊照片引起了許多回憶。 The old photo____ ____ many memories. 答案：①brought in②brought down③brought back 單項(xiàng)填空 ④You can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had_____ her children. A. brought up B. to bring up C. bringing up D. to have brought up 解析:選C。本題中的the woman had為定語從句修飾difficulty，意為“在……方面的困難”即have difficulty in doing sth.句型，其中in可省。,8. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.(P19)那個(gè)時(shí)期，虎鯨（當(dāng)時(shí)被稱為“殺手”）幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時(shí)捕捉須鯨。 It was/is a time when. 曾經(jīng)一度（那時(shí)） It was a time when motorcars were rare.那是汽車很罕見的時(shí)代。 It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.她曾經(jīng)無法忍受病痛，想結(jié)束自己的生命。 溫馨提示：It’s time.句型是中學(xué)英語里使用頻率較高的句型，其意為“該是……的時(shí)候了”。用法靈活多變，現(xiàn)就其有關(guān)句式歸納如下： (1)It’s time for+n.該是（干）……的時(shí)候了 (2)It’s time+(for sb.) to do sth. 該是（某人）干……的時(shí)候了 (3)It’s time + that-clause 時(shí)，that可省略，time可由high,about修飾，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞有兩種形式：用動(dòng)詞的過去式(be用were)；,或者用should+動(dòng)詞原形（should不能省略)。此句型為虛擬語氣句型，表示“現(xiàn)在某人該做某事了”。含有該事早該去做而未做，現(xiàn)在去做似乎都為時(shí)已晚的意思。 (4)It’s+ the+序數(shù)詞+time +to do sth. 表示某人第幾次做某事。 (5)It’s+the+序數(shù)詞+time+thatclause.表示某人第幾次做某事。 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①曾經(jīng)沒人能理解我的計(jì)劃和雄心。 _____ ____ ____ ____ _____no one could understand my plan and ambition. ②現(xiàn)在這一社區(qū)的人們相互幫助，和諧相處。 ____ ____ _____ ____ _____ people in the community would like to help each other and live harmoniously. 答案：①It was a time when ②It is a time when,Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫 1. The people expressed their _d___ that they long for peace. 2. He was _a___ from the meeting this morning because of his illness. 3. Nothing can _p___ her to change her mind once it is made up. 4. Children under 14 must be _a___ by adult. 5. The branches are so high that they are out of my _r___ . 6. The war came to an end, to the____ (滿意) of everybody. 7. The monitor ____ (宣布)that there would be an English party this Friday. 8. I have been a prisoner, so I have a lot of ____(同情心)with other people in prison. 9. My sister has a ____ (天賦) for music. 10. He has ____(低級(jí)的) position in the company. 答案：1. desire2. absent3. persuade4. accompanied 5. reach6. satisfaction7. declared8. sympathy 9. talent10. junior,1. There was a roadblock straight ____ us. 2. Women ____ often more ____ their feelings than men. 3. I’ll phone for a taxi. ____, you must get packed. 4. They were ____ by the terrible snowstorm. 5. The cook’s ill, so I am ____ this week. 6. They met ____ wolves in the forest. 7. We’ve got a few little problems ____ . 8. Everything is ____ in his house. 答案：1. ahead of 2. are; aware of 3. In the meantime 4. scared to death 5. helping out 6. a pack of 7. to sort out 8. upside down,Ⅱ. 用方框內(nèi)所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空,Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. I ____ ____ ____ ____ （打算） give up when the good news came. 2. The broken bike was found ____ （遺棄）by the river side. 3. We heard the bell ____ （敲）2 o’ clock in the distance. 4. ____ ____ （花費(fèi)） him three hours to do his homework everyday. 5. He ____ （深思）that he had no right to do this. 6. I ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ （一點(diǎn)也不怕）him. 7. I ____ ____ ____ （很清楚）that he is the one I should turn to. 8. Everything in the room was ____ ____ ____ （亂七八糟）. 9. You shall it ____ ____ （掛起）where we all can see it. 答案：1. was about ready to 2. abandoned 3. striking 4. It takes 5. reflected 6. am not a bit scared of 7.am well aware 8. turned upside down 9. put;up,Ⅳ. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. —I don’t think this TV set is of good quality. Can you replace it with a new one? — ____ . But I have to talk to my manager first. A. I’m sorryB. No way C. No problemD. That’s a question 解析：選A?？疾榍榫皩?duì)話。一方說電視機(jī)有問題想要換一部，而另一方對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到抱歉，回答應(yīng)為I’m sorry。 2. One of the judges ____ to Gana’s film festival was a famous artist from China, Zhang Ziyi. A. invited B. to invite C. had been invited D. being invited 解析：選A。invited to Gana’s film festival 是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾the judges。 3. I was scared ____ when I saw the tiger jumped out of the cage and ran to the little child. A. to the death B. of death C. into the death D. to death 解析：選D。短語 (be) scared to death意為“嚇?biāo)懒恕薄?4. Please post this letter in the post office nearby, and____ , I will get two tickets in the train station. A. in meantime B. on the meanwhile C. in meanwhile D. in the meantime 解析：選D。in the meantime同時(shí)，在此期間。 5. Don’t turn the room_____ , as I have just tidied it. A. upside down B. inside C. outside D. inside down 解析：選A。upside down 亂七八糟，上下顛倒。 6. Most parents are not_____ the danger of their babies’ eating jelly, which causes most unfortunate incidents to happen. A. well aware to B. very aware of C. aware that D. well aware of 解析：選D。be well aware of意為“清楚地意識(shí)到”。 7. Wang Gang is considering buying a computer, _____ is considered to be a great help in our work and study. A. as B. which C. that D. what 解析：選B?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句。后面的非限制性定語從句修飾the computer，故用which引導(dǎo)。,8. As we grow up, it always____ that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. A. suggests B. promises C. requires D. seems 解析：選D。依據(jù)語境應(yīng)選seems。it seems that 意為“看起來好像”；而it suggests that意為“它表明/暗示”。 9. They____ the____ snake by using a special kind of powder. A. poisoned; poisoned B. poisoned; poisonous C. poisonous; poisoned D. poisonous; poison 解析：選B。poison 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“毒死，毒害”；poisonous是形容詞，意為“有毒的”。 10. I need time to_____ on what you offered. A. consider B. reflect C. imagine D. suggest 解析：選B。reflect 與on 搭配，意為“思考，反思”。 11. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help_____ into buying something they don’t really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 解析：選C。can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事。,12. Getting a notebook to help you keep a schedule of the things will _____you putting things off. A. stop B. keep C. make D. allow 解析：選A。stop sb. (from) doing sth.和keep sb. from doing 都意為“阻止某人做某事”，與stop搭配時(shí)，from 可以省略，但與keep搭配時(shí)from不能省略。如省略，意思就變?yōu)椤笆鼓橙艘恢弊瞿呈隆薄?13. Can you imagine a person _____ in the institutional revolution for doing nothing wrong? A. putting into prison B. to stay in the prison C. being put into prison D. to put into prison 解析：選C。imagine (sb.) doing 想像（某人）做某事。 14. —I’m dead tired. I can’t walk any farther, Jenny. —_____, Tommy. You can do it! A. No problem B. No hurry C. Come on D. That’ s OK 解析：選C。come on 意為“加油”。,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,