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1、Unit2TheUnitedKingdom,知識歸納,(一)基本單詞1.___________vt.澄清;闡明2.___________vt.完成;達到;實現(xiàn)3.___________n.矛盾;沖突4.___________vi.組成;在于;一致5.___________prep.加上;和adj.加的;正的;零上的,clarify,acplish,conflict,consist,plus,知識清單,6.__________n.爭吵;爭議;吵架vi.爭吵;吵架7.__________adj.相同的;類似的8.__________adj.壯麗的;輝煌的;極好的9.__________n.錯誤;過

2、失;謬誤10.__________vt.使激動;使膽戰(zhàn)心驚,quarrel,alike,splendid,error,thrill,(二)派生單詞11.___________vi.粗糙地,unite,united,union,convenience,convenient,rough,roughly,14.___________vt.吸引;引起注意__________n.有趣的東西;吸引人之物___________adj.有吸引力的15._____________n.描寫;描述___________vt.描寫;描述,attract,attraction,attractive,descriptio

3、n,describe,16.__________adj.配備好裝備的;帶家具的________vt.裝備;(用家具等)布置(房間、公寓);提供17.__________n.可能(性)_________adj.可能的;合理的18.__________vt.籌備;安排;整理____________n.安排;籌備,furnished,furnish,possibility,possible,arrange,arrangement,19.__________vt.折疊;對折__________(反義詞)vt.打開20.__________n.快樂;高興;喜悅vt.使高興;使欣喜___________a

4、dj.高興的;快樂的___________adj.令人高興的,fold,unfold,delight,delighted,delighting,1.由組成___________2.把分成____________3.談到;說到;參考;涉及___________4.掙脫(束縛);脫離________________5.為帶來榮譽;值得贊揚;在名下______________,consistof,divideinto,referto,breakaway(from),toonescredit,6.省去;遺漏;不考慮__________7.代替________________8.(機器)損壞;破壞___

5、_________,leaveout,taketheplaceof,breakdown,(三)短語,1.Itlookedsplendidwhenfirstbuilt！whenfirstbuilt是whenitwasfirstbuilt的省略形式。,(四)句式,2.ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedmunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.Itseemed...that結(jié)構(gòu),課文原句:YoucanclarifythisquestionifyoustudyBritishhistory.但如果你學(xué)過英國歷史,就能弄清楚這個

6、問題。,1.clarifyv.澄清;闡明,核心要點,(一)單詞,【歸納】clarifysth.澄清;講清楚clarify從句闡明;澄清seek/askforclarificationof/on弄清楚/闡明【拓展】clarificationn.澄清;闡明,完成句子。1)我希望這能闡明我的立場。Ihopethis___________________.2)她要他說清楚他是什么意思。Sheaskedhimto___________________.3)我正在努力弄清楚這些規(guī)則。Im________________________theregulation.,clarifiesmyposition,c

7、larifywhathemeant,seekingclarificationof/on,2.conflictn.沖突,課文原句:HappilythiswasacplishedwithoutconflictwhenKingJamesofScotlandbecameKingofEnglandandWalesaswell.令人慶幸的是，當(dāng)英格蘭的詹姆斯國王成為英格蘭和威爾士的國王時，這三個國家和平地實現(xiàn)了聯(lián)合。,【歸納】conflict作名詞時，意為：沖突，爭執(zhí)(常和介詞between及over連用，也可用于inconflictwithsb.結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“和發(fā)生沖突”)；矛盾，抵觸(常用于inconf

8、lictwithsth.結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“與不一致/矛盾”)e.g.Therewasalotofconflictbetweenhimandhisfather.,Themanagementteamwantstoresolvetheconflictoverwages.Johnisofteninconflictwithhisboss.Manyoftheseideasappeartobeinconflictwitheachother.conflict作動詞時,意為“沖突,抵觸”,可與介詞with連用。e.g.Theiraccountofeventsconflictswithours.,完成句子。1)她發(fā)現(xiàn)自

9、己在將來擇業(yè)的問題上與父母存在著分岐。Shefoundherself_______________herparentsoverherfuturecareer.2)這些結(jié)果與早期的發(fā)現(xiàn)相矛盾。Theseresults____________earlierfindings.,inconflictwith,conflictwith,3.conveniencen.便利;方便,課文原句:Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones.在這四個國家中，英格蘭是最大的。為了方便，它

10、大致可以劃分為三個地區(qū)。,【歸納】for(thesakeof)convenience為了方便起見atonesconvenience在某人方便時fortheconvenienceof為了方便toonesconvenience對某人方便(合適),【拓展】convenientadj.方便的;便利的beconvenientforsb./sth.對于是方便的ifconvenient如果方便的話sthisconvenienttosb.某事對某人很方便,【溫馨提示】convenience意為“方便,便利”時為不可數(shù)名詞;表示“便利的事物,便利設(shè)施”時為可數(shù)。convenient用作形容詞,作表語時主語不能是

11、人,多用于“Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.”這一句型。,4.attractvt.吸引;引起,課文原句:Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.很遺憾，這些建于19世紀(jì)的工業(yè)城市對游客并沒有吸引力。,【歸納】attractonesattention/mind/eyes=attracttheattentionofsb.吸引某人的注意力或目光attractsb.tosth.吸引某人關(guān)注某事,【拓展】attractionn.有趣的東西;吸引人的物haveno

12、/alittle/muchattractionforsb.對某人不具有/有一點/很有吸引力attractiveadj.有吸引力的;引起注意的;引起興趣的,完成句子。1)TheearthquakewhichhappenedinIndiainSeptember2011also______________________(吸引注意力)ofthepublic.2)Thetelevision_______________(沒吸引力)forme.3)Thenewcartonis____________(對有吸引力)children.,attracted,hasnoattention,theattentio

13、n,attractiveto,5.arrangev.籌備;安排;整理;布置,課文原句：Theyhadnotimetoarrangetheirownwedding,他們沒有時間籌備他們自己的婚禮,【歸納】arrangetodosth.安排做某事arrangesth.forsb.為某人安排某事arrangeforsb.todosth.安排某人做某事arrange(withsb.)todosth.(與某人)約定干某事arrangethat...商定;安排,【拓展】arrangementn.安排,籌備makearrangementsfor安排好,【溫馨提醒】表示“安排某人做某事”用arrangefor

14、sb.todosth.,而不用arrangesb.todosth.。makearrangementsfor中的arrangement常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。,完成句子。1)我和她約定8點鐘見面。I_________________________at8:00.2)經(jīng)理安排格林小姐去機場接一位外賓。Themanager_______________________________aforeignguestattheairport.3)當(dāng)?shù)貓蠹埌才艑δ俏恢目茖W(xué)家進行采訪。Thelocalnewspaper_______________________aninterviewwiththefamoussci

15、entist.,arrangedwithhertomeet,arrangedforMissGreen,madearrangements,tomeet,for,6.delightn.快樂;高興;喜悅vt.(使)欣喜,課文原句:HerfirstdelightwasgoingtotheTower.她最先想?yún)⒂^的地方是倫敦塔。,【歸納】delight作不可數(shù)名詞時,意為“快樂,高興”,常用結(jié)構(gòu):with/indelight高興地;tothedelightofsb./tosb.sdelight讓某人高興的是;takedelightin以為樂。e.g.Thekidsarescreamingwith/ind

16、elight.Shewonthegameeasily,tothedelightofallherfans.Toourgreatdelight,thedayturnedoutfine.,Heseemedtotakedelightinembarrassingme.delight作可數(shù)名詞時,意為“令人高興的事,樂趣”。e.g.Itwasadelighttoseehimsofitandhealthy.delight作動詞時,意為“使快樂,使高興”,常用結(jié)構(gòu):delightsb.with...用使某人高興;delightin以為樂。e.g.Heisdelightingaudienceswithhishu

17、mour.Rosedelightedinsharingherloveofbirdswithchildren.,【拓展】delightedadj.高興的;快樂的bedelightedat/with/by為某事而高興bedelightedtodosth.為而高興bedelightedthat...高興delightfuladj.令人愉快的;討人喜歡的,用delight相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)I______________books.2)She___________beingsurroundedbyadmirers.3)Tom_______________thesensationhewascre

18、ating.4)_______________allhisfans,hewonthegameeasily.5)____________thegoodnews,shecouldnthelpcrying.,takedelightin,delightsin,wasdelightedat,Tothedelightof,Delightedat,7.thrillv.使激動;使膽戰(zhàn)心驚n.興奮;激動;激動的事,課文原句:Butshewasthrilledbysomanywonderfultreasuresfromdifferentculturesdisplayedinthemuseum.但是她感到最為震驚的

19、卻是博物館里展出的那么來自不同文化的奇妙寶物。,【歸納】bethrilledabout/at/withsth.因某事而欣喜若狂bethrilledtodosth.做某事感到高興givesb.athrill使某人激動withthrill興奮地bethrilling令人震顫的;令人感動的,1.consistof由組成,課文原句:HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?英國是由幾個國家組成的？,(二)短語,【歸納】consistin=liein存在于;在于consistwith一致;符合【拓展】bemadeupof由組成beposedof由組成,【溫馨提示】consis

20、tof不能用于進行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。,一句多譯。該隊由20位選手組成。(1)_____________________________________(2)_____________________________________(3)_____________________________________,Theteamconsistsoftwentymembers.,Theteamisposedoftwentymembers.,Theteamismadeupoftwentymembers.,2.divide...into把分成,課文原句:Englandcanbedividedintothr

21、eemainareas.英格蘭可以分成三個地區(qū)。,【歸納】divide...between/among/with在之間分配/分擔(dān)/分享divide...by用除以bedividedby被除以bedividedinto被分成divide...inhalf/twohalves把分成兩半divideup分開；劃分,【辨析】divideinto/separatefromdivideinto常指把某個整體劃分為若干部分。separatefrom表示“將與分開”,指把原來連在一起或靠近的分隔開來。,完成句子。1)蘋果被一分為二。Theapple_______________two.2)英國和法國被英吉利海

22、峽分開。England_________________FrancebytheEnglishChannel.,wasdividedinto,isseparatedfrom,3.breakawayfrom掙脫(束縛);脫離,課文原句:However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandbrokeawaytoformitsowngovernment.然而,愛爾蘭地南部卻不愿意而分離出去了,并建立了自己的政府。,【歸納】breakdown(會談)破裂;失敗;(汽車等)出故障;(人的健康狀況)變得惡劣;(化學(xué)物)分解breakin闖入;打岔breakoff中斷

23、;折斷breakinto闖入breakout爆發(fā);發(fā)生breakup驅(qū)散;分散;打碎;終止breakthrough突圍;突破,用break短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)Hiscar____________onthewaytoworkthismorning.2)Thefiremust_______________afterthestaffhadgone.3)Ifhecarriesonworkinglikethis,hell___________soonerorlater.4)TheAmericansouthernstateswantedto_______________theUnion.,broked

24、own,havebrokenout,breakdown,breakawayfrom,4.leaveout省去;遺漏;不考慮;忽視,課文原句:Whichcountryisleftout?哪個國家省略了？,【歸納】leavealone不管;不理會leaveaside(把某事)擱置一邊leavebehind留下;忘帶;遺留leavefor動身去leaveoff停止;中斷,用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?副詞填空。1)Sheleft______thedateonthecheque.2)Waitdontleaveme________！3)Leaveher_______.Sheisinamoodnow.4)Mr.Whitew

25、illleaveBoston______Beijingwithhiswife.,out,behind,alone,for,5.taketheplaceof代替,課文原句:Allofthewordsbelowcantaketheplaceofsaid,以下所有的單詞都可以替換為說,【拓展】takeonesplace就位;代替inplaceof代替;取代takeplace發(fā)生;舉辦;舉行outof/inplace不/在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?不/在原處inthefirstplace最初;首先;第一,【辨析】takeplace/taketheplaceof/takeonesplacetakeplace通常指經(jīng)過

26、計劃、安排而“產(chǎn)生”或者“發(fā)生”。taketheplaceof表示“代替,接替(某人的職務(wù)或工作等)”,也可寫為:takeonesplace。takeonesplace除了可以替換taketheplaceof外,還可表示“就座,到某人應(yīng)去的位置上”,其中ones與句中的主語指同一個人。,完成句子。1)運動會將在何時舉行？Whenwillthesportsmeeting__________?2)今天你能頂替王先生嗎？他病了。Canyou_______________Mr.Wangtoday?Heissick.3)好了,大家各就各位,演出馬上就要開始了。Now,everybody_________

27、_____.Theshowwillbegininaminute.,takeplace,taketheplaceof,takeshisplace,1.Itlookedsplendidwhenfirstbuilt!whenfirstbuilt是whenitwasfirstbuilt的省略形式。在狀語從句中從句的主語與主句的主語一致或主語為it,且謂語部分含有be動詞時,這時可把從句的主語(或it)連同be動詞省略掉,省略后的部分為“從屬連詞分詞/介詞短語/形容詞/名詞(短語)等”。e.g.When(shewas)agirl,shewroteanovel.當(dāng)她還是一個女孩時,她寫了一部小說。,(三)

28、句式,句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1)Shesattherealoneasifshewerethinkingofsomething.Shesattherealoneasif_____________________.2)Icecanbechangedintowaterifitisheated.Icecanbechangedintowaterif_______.,something,heated,thinkingof,3)Youcanaskhimforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.Youcanaskhimforhelp_________________.4)Ifitispossible,Illg

29、otoseemygrandparentsthisweekend.___________,Illgotoseemygrandparentsthisweekend.,trouble,Ifpossible,whenin,2.ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedmunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.Itseems/isstrangethat...句型表示“很奇怪”,it是形式主語,that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句是真正的主語;注意that從句中謂語使用“should動詞原形/havedone”,此時should表示對所發(fā)生的事情感

30、到吃驚,一般譯為“竟然”。,e.g.他竟然會對父母說出那樣的話。Itwasstrangethatheshouldhavesaidthattohisparents.機會出現(xiàn)時,他竟然沒有抓住,真是奇怪。Itisstrangethatheshouldfailtoseizethechancewhenitarose.,【溫馨提示】Itsnatural/important/necessary/apity/ashamethat...句型中,從句的謂語使用“should動詞原形”,should表示必要性,驚訝、氣憤等情感。e.g.Itsapitythatatopstudentshouldfailtopass

31、thefinalexamination.一位頂尖的學(xué)生竟然沒有通過期末考試,真遺憾。,完成句子。1)真可恥他竟然在公交車上偷那個女孩的錢包。Itsashamehe____________agirlswalletonthebus.2)那條大狗很自然地照顧她的孩子。Itsnaturalthattheolddog_________________herbaby.,shouldsteal,shouldlookafter,過去分詞作賓語補足語過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示被動的、完成的動作，賓語補足語與賓語之間常常存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，即賓語是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者。,語法,【歸納】可以接過去分詞作賓

32、語補足語的(短語)動詞有：1.watch,see,observe,lookat,hear,listento,find,notice等感官動詞。e.g.Iwatchedthedeskcarriedoutoftheclassroom.Themanfoundhishometownentirelydestroyed.,2.make,get,have,keep,leave等使役動詞。e.g.Mymotherhasherhaircuteverytwomonths.Wemustgettheworkfinishedbefore6oclock.Thespeakerdidntknowhowtomakehimsel

33、funderstood.,3.want,order等表示希望、命令等意義的動詞。e.g.Allofuswantedsuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.Themanagerorderedtheproblemsettledassoonaspossible.,【拓展】介詞with后也可接過去分詞作賓語補足語，構(gòu)成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g.Withmoreflowersplanted,thegardenlooksverybeautiful.動詞ing形式、過去分詞和不定式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別動詞ing形式和不定式作賓語補足語，賓語是其動作的執(zhí)行者。動詞ing形式強調(diào)動作

34、的正在進行或延續(xù)性，不定式強調(diào)動作的全過程。,過去分詞作賓語補足語，通常賓語是其動作的承受者，多強調(diào)動作的完成。e.g.DidyouhearsomeonesingingaFrenchsongjustnow?(someone與singing之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，singing表示的動作正在發(fā)生。),DidyouhearsomeonesingaFrenchsongjustnow?(someone與sing之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，sing強調(diào)動作全過程。)DidyouhearaFrenchsongsungbysomeonejustnow?(sung與aFrenchsong之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，s

35、ung所表示的動作已完成。),用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。1.Jackhadtheletter________(post)verysoon.2.Listen!Doyouhearsomeone________(shout)toTom?3.Youshouldmakeyouropinion_______(know).4.Frankfoundhiswallet______(lose)whenhegothome.5.Youshouldntleavethewater________(run)whenyouarewashingyourhands.,posted,shouting,known,lost,r

36、unning,【寫作任務(wù)】假設(shè)你是李華，你的美國朋友Johnson來信希望了解你的家鄉(xiāng)的情況。請你根據(jù)提示用英語給他回一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括：1.地理位置和歷史文化；2.經(jīng)濟和交通狀況；3.美食和名勝古跡。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。,寫作,如何介紹你的家鄉(xiāng),【寫作指導(dǎo)】審題定調(diào)本篇習(xí)作形式上要求寫一封電子郵件介紹自己的家鄉(xiāng)，郵件的正文屬于說明文，時態(tài)應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時為主。謀篇布局電子郵件通常包括以下幾個部分：信頭、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語和簽名。就本篇習(xí)作而言，正文可分為三部分：第一部分：引出話題；第二部分：介紹家鄉(xiāng)；第三部分：發(fā)出邀請。,組織語言1.開頭段：表達問

37、候，說明寫信目的。,2.中間段：介紹地理位置、歷史文化、經(jīng)濟和交通狀況、美食及名勝古跡。,3.結(jié)尾段：邀請朋友前來做客。,普通范文DearJohnson,Howareyou?Imgladtoknowthatyouareinterestedinmyhometown.Here,Idliketotellyousomethingaboutit.Myhometown,LuoyangCity,liesinthewestofHenanProvince.Ithasahistoryofmorethan4,000yearsandisknownastheoriginofChinesecivilization.The

38、seyears,ithasmadesignificanteconomicprogressandthetransportationisgettingmuchmoreconvenient.,Asforsnacks,myhometownisfamousforitsdeliciousnoodles.ItalsohasmanytouristattractionssuchasBaimaTempleandLongmengrottoes.Weletomyhometown!Yours,LiHua,高級范文DearJohnson,Howseverythinggoing?Knowingthatyouwanttole

39、arnsomethingaboutmyhometown,Idbehonoredtointroduceittoyou.LocatedinthewestofHenanProvince,myhometown,LuoyangCity,isnowenjoyingaboomingeconomyandindustry.Moderntransportationhereallowsustogowhereverwewant.Wehavevarioustastylocalsnackslike,stewednoodlesandtofujelly,whichyoumusttrywhenyoue.Asaplacewith

40、alonghistory,itisfamousformanyculturalrelics,suchasBaimaTempleandLongmengrottoes.Itwouldgivemegreatpleasureifyoucouldacceptmyinvitationtovisitmyhometown.Yours,LiHua,鞏固練習(xí),I.根據(jù)下面各句句意以及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示詞，寫出該單詞的正確形式(每空一詞)。1.Shewasupsetwhenshefoundherselfinc________withherparentsoverherfuturecareer.2.Davidso

41、nly30,andhealreadyhasfournovelstohisc______.,credit,conflict,3.Barrywasunabletogivepolicea(n)___________(描述)ofhisattacker.4.Theplanecrashwascausedbyhumane_____,notmechanicalfailure.5.Herinjuriesare__________(一致的)withhavingfallenfromthebuilding.6.Thereare,r_______speaking,threepossiblesolutionstoourp

42、roblem.,description,error,roughly,consistent,II.用括號內(nèi)動詞的正確形式填空。1.Werehopingtohavetheairport________(crowd)withallkindsofaircraft.2.Thememberofcustomerservicestaffgothisleg_______(catch)inthegapbetweenthetrainandtheplatform.,crowded,caught,3.Icanmakemyself___________(understand)inFrench,butImnotfluent

43、.4.Theymusthavekeptthefire________(burn)continuouslyduringthewinter.5.ShereturnedtohereastLondonhomeandfoundherbackdoor________(force)open.,understood,burning,forced,III.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。,QueenElizabethIIcelebratestwobirthdayseveryyear:heractualbirthdayon21Aprilandherofficialbirth

44、dayon1.________SaturdayinJune.Officialcelebrationstomarkasovereigns(君主的)birthdayhaveoftenbeenheldonadayotherthantheactualbirthday,particularly2.________theactualbirthdayhasnotbeeninthesummer.KingEdwardVII,3.________example,,for,a,when,wasbornon9November,buthisofficialbirthdaywasmarkedinMayorJunewhen

45、therewasagreater4.__________(possible)ofgoodweatherfortheBirthdayParade,alsoknownasTroopingtheColour.TroopingtheColouriscarriedoutby5.________(full)trainedandoperationaltroopsfromtheHouseholdDivisiononHorseGuardsParadeinWhitehall,watchedbymembersoftheRoyalFamily,6.________(invite)guestsandmembersoft

46、hepublic.,invited,possibility,fully,Duringtheceremony,theQueen7.__________(greet)byaRoyalsaluteandcarriesoutaninspectionofthetroops.FormanyyearstheQueenrodeonhorseback,however,inrecentyearstheQueenhasriddeninacarriage.8.________weknow,thisyeartheQueencelebratedher90thbirthday.Manypeoplemarkedthisspeciallandmarkbirthdaybydoingallkindsof9.________(enjoy)activities.On21stApril,thecelebrationsstartedwith,enjoyable,isgreeted,As,awalkaboutinWindsor.IntheeveningtheQueen10.________(light)thefirstof1,000beacons(煙火)shiningacrossthecountryandaroundtheworld!,lit,