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Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language,?Step One：Words and Phrases Ⅰ.詞匯知識 1．_________ (n.) 沙漠；荒原 2．________ (n.) 市民；公民；居民 3．________ (n.) 打字員 4．________ (n.) 鈕扣；按鈕,desert,citizen,typist,button,5．________ (n.) 瞬間；片刻(adj.)立即的；立刻的 6．________ (n.) 接受者；接收器；電話聽筒 7．________ (n.) 生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué) 8．________ (adj.) 貪吃的；貪婪的；貪心的 9．________ (vt.) 吞下；下咽 10．__________ (n.) 原料；材料,instant,receiver,ecology,greedy,swallow,material,11．recycle (vt.) _____________ 12．goods (n.) ________ 13．representative (n.) _________________ __________________________ 14．settlement (n.) ____________ 15．motivation (n.) ________,回收利用,貨物,代表；典型人物 (adj.)典型的；有代表性的,定居；解決,動機,Ⅱ.重點短語 1．___________按下 2．____________加速 3．___________________輪流干某事 4．_______________對……貪婪 5．____________________代表……的,press down,speed up,take turns to do sth.,be greedy for,be representative of,6．search for ________ 7．tolerate doing sth. ___________ 8．link.to. _______________________ 9．be lacking in. __________ 10．blame.for. ______________________,尋找,容忍干某事,將……和……聯(lián)系起來,缺乏……,因為……而責備……,?Step Two：Fast Reading Scan the text and answer the following questions. 1．What is the passage mainly about? 答案：________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,The passage is mainly about the writer’s first visit to a space station in the 31st century and the inventions of the 31st century on the space station.,2．How many inventions did the guide introduce to us？What are they? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 3．What is the space station like? ________________________________________ 4．Why did the space station spin slowly in space? ________________________________________,Three inventions.They are a thoughtpad， a waste machine and manufacturing robots.,It is like an enormous round plate.,To imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.,?Step Three：Careful Reading Read the text carefully and answer the following questions. 1．How are the messages sent in the 31st century? 答案：________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,Place the metal band over one’ head，clear one’s mind，press the sending button，think one’s message and the next instant it’s sent.,2．How does the waste machine work? 答案：________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,The giant machine swallows all the waste available and the rubbish is turned into several grades of useful material，such as “fertilizer” for the field and “soil”for deserts.,3．What can be produced in space？Who manufacture them? 答案：__________________________________ ________________________________________ 4．How are the goods transported to the earth? 答案：________________________,Drugs，clothes，furniture and hovering carriages.Robots manufacture them.,By industrial spaceship.,1 speed up 加速 (教材原句)When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up，we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go. 當我們想讓氣墊車加速時，我們就用力按下操縱桿并使它彎向我們想去的方向。,①It is necessary for them to speed up the project. 他們加速工程建設(shè)是很有必要的。 ②I sped up my car as soon as I left her house. 一離開她家，我便加快了速度。 ③He stepped on the gas and the car sped up to 150 kph. 他一踩油門,車速沖到每小時一百五十公里。,2 instant n. 瞬間；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的 (教材原句)You place the metal band over your head，clear your mind，press the sending button，think your message and the next instant it’s sent. 你把這種金屬帶子放在你的頭上，排除雜念,按下發(fā)送鍵，集中精神想著你要傳遞的信息,片刻的功夫信息就發(fā)出去了。,歸納拓展 in an instant 一會兒后 for an instant 持續(xù)了一會兒 the instant (that)．一……就……(可以引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，相當于the minute/the second/the moment),①In an instant，a car pulled over and a young woman jumped out. 立刻,有一輛車開了過來，一位女士下了車。 ②For an instant his heart seemed to stop beating. 有一會兒他的心臟似乎停止了跳動。 ③Telephone me the instant (that) you get the results. 你一得到結(jié)果，就給我打電話。,【聯(lián)想】 instantly adv.立即地；立刻地 (可以引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，相當于immediately，表示“一……就……”),巧學(xué)活用 1－1 同義句改寫 We must increase the speed of delivery of those goods or they will be overdue. →We must ____________________of those goods or they will be overdue.,speed up the delivery,1－2 單項填空 When he was almost at the destination，he suddenly________and caught up with the one who is in front of him. A．slowed down B．sped up C．ended up D．left off,解析：選B。句意：快到終點的時候，他突然加速，趕上了前面那個人。由語境可知，此處考查speed up表示“加速”之意的用法；slow down意為“減速”；end up意為“結(jié)束”；leave off意為“停止”。,2－1 補全句子 她沒有多久就完成了她的工作。 She finished her work________________. 2－2 單項填空 To his disappointment，________ he got to the station，the train left. A．for the instant B．in an instant C．the instant D．a(chǎn)fter an instant,in an instant,解析：選C。句意：令他失望的是，他一到車站，火車就離去了。the instant是用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“一……就……”之意。,名師微博 the instant相當于the moment，the minute，the second，instantly，immediately，也相當于as soon as，表示“一……就……”之意。,3 greedy adj.貪吃的；貪婪的；貪心的 (教材原句)A giant machine，always greedy for more，swallows all the waste available. 一架巨大的機器，能把所有能獲得的廢棄物都吞進去，而且總是貪得無厭。,be greedy for 渴望；渴求某事 be greedy to do sth. 渴望干某事 It is/was greedy of sb.to do 對某人來說干某事很貪婪,歸納拓展 ①Tim is greedy for knowledge.提姆渴求知識。 ②He is greedy to gain power. 他急欲得到權(quán)力。 ③It was greedy of them to eat up all the candy. 他們把所有的糖都吃光了，真貪吃。,4representative n．代表；典型人物 adj.典型的；有代表性的 (教材原句)However，the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements. 然而，這些公司必須培訓(xùn)他們的代表能夠在太空中生活和工作。,歸納拓展 be representative of.是……的典型特征或示例；代表……,①They sent a representative to the conference. 他們派了一名代表參加會議。 ②The painting is representative of his work. 這幅畫是他的代表作。 ③The bald eagle is representative of the US. 禿頭鷹是美國的代表。,【聯(lián)想】 represent vt.代表 representation n. 代表；表現(xiàn) be characteristic of.是……的典型特征,5settlement n．定居；解決 (教材原句)However，the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements. 然而，這些公司必須培訓(xùn)他們的代表能夠在太空中生活和工作。 歸納拓展 come to/reach a settlement 解決；決定；達成協(xié)議 settlement to. ……的解決方案,①He took up his settlement in a new house. 他在新屋居住下來。 ②Only both of them reach a settlement can the question be solved. 只有當雙方達成協(xié)議時，問題才能夠被解決。 ③Earlier this year，under the mediation of the court，the two sides came to a settlement. 今年年初，在法庭的調(diào)解下，雙方達成和解。,【聯(lián)想】 settle vt.解決；定居 settle down 定居下來；安定下來；專心于,3－1 同義句改寫 He is eager for the opportunity to prove their ability. →He________________the opportunity to prove their ability.,is greedy for,3－2 單項填空 He is a________boy，for instance，yesterday he ate all our biscuits. A．greedy B．curious C．upset D．unsatisfied,解析：選A。句意：他是個貪吃的孩子，比如昨天他把我們所有的餅都吃了。greedy是“貪婪的，貪吃的”之意，符合語境；curious意為“好奇的”；upset意為“不安的； 沮喪的”；unsatisfied意為“不滿意的”。,名師微博 be greedy for相當于be eager for， 是“渴望……”之意。,4－1 翻譯句子 誠實是他的典型特征。 ______________________________________ 4－2 單項填空 These pictures are very precious and______of life in medieval Europe. A．representing B．represented C．representative D．representation,Honesty is representative of him.,解析：選C。句意：這些畫非常珍貴，是中世紀的生活的代表。representative是形容詞，表示“典型的，有代表特征的”，be representative of.是“代表……；是……的特征”之意。,5－1 補全句子 (1)人們預(yù)期這次會談會導(dǎo)致問題的解決。 People expect that the talk will lead to________________the problem.,the settlement to,5－2 單項填空 It is said that all the buildings being built now are designed for the________ of the migrant workers. A．settlement B．solution C．a(chǎn)rrangement D．survival,解析：選A。句意：據(jù)說正在修建的所有的樓房都是為外來務(wù)工人員的定居而修建的。settlement是“定居”之意，符合語境；solution意為“解決”；arrangement意為“安排”；survival意為“幸存；幸免于難”。,名師微博 the settlement 后面多接介詞to，表示“……的解決方法”。,(教材原句)But we cannot blame the tools for the faults of the user，can we? 但我們不能將使用者的過錯歸咎于工具，不是嗎？ [句法分析] 本句是反義疑問句。 反義疑問句的用法,歸納拓展 (1)反義疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)是“否定陳述句＋肯定的簡略問句”或“肯定的陳述句＋否定的簡略問句”。 (2)簡略問句的主語應(yīng)該用人稱代詞。 (3)對“否定陳述句＋肯定的簡略問句”類反義疑問句的肯定回答仍然用yes；否定回答仍然用no；但是yes譯為“不”，no譯為“是的”。,(4)陳述句部分含有no，never，nothing，nowhere，hardly，scarcely，seldom，few，little等表示否定意義的詞語時，附加問句部分用肯定式。 (5)如果陳述句部分用了帶有否定詞前綴或后綴的派生詞，如helpless，hopeless，useless,unable，unfair，unfit，unbalanced等時，后面的附加問句部分仍用否定式。,(6)祈使句后面的附加問句一般用will you或won’t you。以let’s開頭的祈使句，后面的附加問句用shall we；而以let us或let me開頭的祈使句，其后的附加問句部分用will you。,①—You didn’t join in the discussion，did you? —Yes，I did.(No，I didn’t.) ——你沒有參加討論，是嗎？ ——不，我參加了。(是的，我沒有參加)。 ②You never fail until you stop trying，do you? 你不會失敗，除非你停止嘗試，是嗎？,③My father is a hopeless cook and he is unskilled at cooking，isn’t he? 父親是一個不合格的廚師，并且他不能勝任這份工作，不是嗎？ ④Please send this letter by airmail，will/won’t you? 請用航空郵件寄送此信，好嗎？,⑤Let’s agree to disagree on that，shall we？讓我們接受不同的觀點，好嗎？ ⑥Let us live by their example，will you？讓我們以他們?yōu)榘駱由?，好嗎?巧學(xué)活用 1－1 補全下列反意疑問句中的附加 問句部分 (1)There is something wrong with the computer,__________ ? (2)Someone opened the door，____________？ (3)Nothing serious happened，____________？ (4)I am five years younger than you，____________？,isn’t there,didn’t he/they,did it,aren’t I,(5)The old man can hardly read，____________？ 1－2 單項填空 There were many people in the room then，________？ A．weren’t there B．were there C．didn’t there D．did there,can he,解析：選A。句意：那時房間里有很多人，不是嗎？陳述句是以there were 開頭，故簡略句用weren’t there。 名師微博 在there be句式中，其后附加問句部分的主語用there。,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,