Unit 8理解：要點詮釋單詞1.stick講：stick可以用作名詞和動詞，名詞的意思為“棒，棍”。作動詞時構(gòu)成短語stick to,多表示“堅持(原則，計劃，諾言，決定等)”，還有“繼續(xù)做某事”的意思。其賓語多是名詞rule,plan,idea,promise,decision 等。其他短語有:stick out 伸出，突出；stick up 突出，伸出，豎立。例:Though we all think the plan should be changed,the manager still sticks to his own ideas.盡管我們都認(rèn)為這項計劃應(yīng)該改變，但經(jīng)理仍然堅持他自己的觀點。You should stick to your post.你應(yīng)該堅守崗位。Would you like some wine?你喝點葡萄酒嗎？No,Ill stick to beer,thanks.不，謝謝。我還是喝啤酒吧。We dont want to hear your opinions;stick to the facts!我們不想聽你的想法，只講事實！Thats my story and Im sticking to it.我說的就是這些，句句實情。You must stick to the task until it is finished.你必須堅持把這項任務(wù)完成。He put a stick into the ground to mark the point.他在地上插了一根棍子，作為那個地點的記號。鏈接·提示 注意insist也可以表示“堅持”。其用法為:insist是及物動詞，其后常接賓語從句，這時它有兩個含義:“堅持認(rèn)為”， 其賓語從句要用陳述語氣；“堅持要求”， 其賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，即“should +動詞原形”。 insist on 則表示“堅持做某事”，其賓語常用動詞-ing形式或名詞。介詞on也可改用upon ，意思不變。 注意:無論insist 還是stick 都不能與動詞不定式連用。練:（2010湖北八校聯(lián)考） To his disappointment,the opinion he had stuck_out wrong.A.to turn B.to turning C.to turned D.to be turned提示:本題考查動詞短語。stick to意為“堅持”，he had stuck to作the opinion的定語，turned作整個句子的謂語。答案:C2.adopt講：adopt用作動詞，主要有“收養(yǎng)；采納；采取；吸收”等義項。例:Having no children of their own they decided to adopt an orphan.他們因沒有親生兒女，決定領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一個孤兒。Pauls mother had him adopted because she couldnt look after him.If winter comes,can spring be far behind?冬天來了，春天還會遠(yuǎn)嗎?保羅的母親因為自己無力撫養(yǎng)他，便把他送給別人收養(yǎng)了。He is their adopted son.他是他們的養(yǎng)子。Our school has adopted a new teaching method.我們學(xué)校采用了新的教學(xué)法。Wed like to adopt your idea.我們想采納你的意見。鏈接·提示 短語adopt sb.as.還有“挑選某人作為”的意思。名詞為adoption。練:The suggestion that we have a group of these records printed as soon as possible_ by the committee.A.was adopted B.adopted C.was taken D.took提示:此處表示“建議被采納”。答案:A3.patience講：n.耐心；忍耐力構(gòu)成短語:be out of patience 對忍無可忍例:I havent the patience to hear your complaints again.我沒有耐心再聽你的抱怨。She has no patience with people who are always grumbling.她不能容忍那些常常發(fā)牢騷的人。If you dont stop making that noise,Im going to lose my patience.如果你不停止吵鬧的話，我將失去耐心。鏈接·提示 patient adj. 有耐心的。構(gòu)成短語:be patient with 對有耐心。練:Ill look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little _.A.wait B.time C.patience D.rest提示:本題通過語境考查名詞的用法。根據(jù)第一句話的意思“我將盡快調(diào)查那件事情”判斷，此處應(yīng)表示讓對方“再耐心地等一下”。答案:C短語1.knock down講:該短語為及物動詞短語，意思為“擊倒；撞倒；駁斥；拆除；降價”。例:She was knocked down by a bus.她被公共汽車撞倒了。He knocked his opponent down three times in the first round.在第一回合中他把對手擊倒了三次。These old houses are going to be knocked down.這些舊房子將被拆除。The painting was knocked down for $5000.那幅畫拍賣時以5000美元售出。I managed to knock his price down from $500 to $450.我設(shè)法壓了他的價，從500美元減到450美元。鏈接·提示 knock構(gòu)成的短語還有:knock at 敲；knock against 撞擊；knock into 撞到身上；knock over推翻。練:_either you or he going to visit the exhibition?He is.I cant_working until 6 oclock.A.Is；knock off B.Are；knock offC.Are；knock down D.Is；knock down提示:由either.or連接的兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)該根據(jù)靠近它的名詞或代詞來確定。此處靠近謂語的應(yīng)該是you，故應(yīng)用are。短語knock off的意思為stop。答案:B2.fall behind講:該短語既可以是及物動詞短語，也可以作不及物動詞短語，表示“落后；掉隊；推遲(和with連用)”等。例:Be quick,or you will fall behind.快點，不然就掉隊了。The illnesss caused him to fall behind the rest of the class.那次生病使他的功課落在班上其他同學(xué)之后。France has fallen behind Germany in coal production.法國在煤炭生產(chǎn)上落后于德國了。Make sure not to fall behind with your rent,please.請不要拖欠房租。鏈接·拓展 fall into開始起來。如: They fall into lively discussion of the question. 他們熱烈地討論起這個問題。 fall away離棄，脫離。如: All his old friends fall away from him. 他所有的老朋友都遠(yuǎn)離了他。 fall off跌落，減少。如: He fell off the horse。 他從馬背上摔了下來。 fall asleep睡著。如: After reading some newspapers,he fell asleep. 他看了幾張報紙后就睡著了。 fall in love with 愛上某人。如: He fell in love with a girl when he worked in the country. 他在農(nóng)村工作時愛上了一位姑娘。 fall ill患病。如: His mother fell seriously ill in hospital. 他的母親在醫(yī)院里病得很重。練:In some western countries，demand for graduates from MBA courses has_.A.turned down B.turned overC.fallen down D.fallen over提示:本題考查短語動詞的用法。從句子的意思分析，此處用fall down，表示“降低；減少”。答案:C句型1.先行詞為way的定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)講:請觀察下面教材原句:Others think that we learn language in the same way we learn other things,such as walking or solving problems,and that what we are born with is a general ability to learn and adapt,not a language-specific part of the brain.還有人認(rèn)為我們學(xué)習(xí)語言正如我們學(xué)習(xí)其他技能，例如學(xué)習(xí)走路、學(xué)習(xí)解決問題等，我們天生具有學(xué)習(xí)和適應(yīng)的能力，而不是大腦中有學(xué)習(xí)語言的專門區(qū)域。本句中的in the same way的意思為“以同樣的方式”。在the same way后有定語從句修飾時，可以認(rèn)定是省略了as或是that。在許多場合，the way等于in the way。另外，認(rèn)為the way,in the way,in a way的用法和連接詞相同，因此后面的從句可以看成是方式狀語從句。例:There are various ways in which we can help.有不同的幫助方式。I dont like the way(that/in which)you laughed at her.我不喜歡你嘲笑她。You should do the way(=as)the doctor tells you to.你應(yīng)該按醫(yī)生告訴你的去做。No one can understand the way(=how)I miss David.沒人會理解我是多么相信戴維。鏈接·提示 按照一般的規(guī)律，the way后面的引導(dǎo)詞可以是in which或that，也可以不使用引導(dǎo)詞，這樣就可以認(rèn)為是the way本身引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句了。練:He is now paying_attention to what the article says than to the way_the language is used.A.a lot more;that B.much more;on whichC.very more;in which D.even more;by which提示:根據(jù)后面的than判斷此處應(yīng)該使用比較級形式，可先排除C項。另外注意先行詞為way“方式”時，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的應(yīng)用。答案:A2.with引出的介詞短語:講:請觀察下面教材原句:With greater control and a stronger sense of achievement,active learners are able to acquire new skills faster and put what they know to better use.由于具有較好的自控能力和較強的成就感，積極主動的學(xué)習(xí)者能夠更快地學(xué)到新的技能，并更好地運用他們學(xué)到的知識。在這個句子中，with 引出的介詞短語表示原因，with在此處的意思為because of,considering the fact of。例:With John away,weve got more room.由于約翰走了，我們獲得了較多的空間。=Because John is away,.With our luck,well probably miss the plane.鑒于我們糟糕的運氣，我們可能會錯過班機。=Considering our usual bad luck,.鏈接·提示 注意比較該結(jié)構(gòu)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（with+賓語+賓語補足語）的區(qū)別，一般來說with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用來作伴隨狀語。練:(1) _the development of science,more new technology is being introduced to the fields of IT.A.With B.AsC.Since D.Because提示:此處用with介詞短語表示原因“由于科技的發(fā)展”。答案:A(2)With all the magazines I needed_,I left the post office.A.buying B.to buyC.bought D.to be bought提示:I needed為定語從句，根據(jù)后面一句話所提供的語境要求，此處應(yīng)該使用過去分詞，表示被動和完成的動作。答案:C辨析1.anxious，eageranxious adj.“焦急的；發(fā)愁的；牽掛的”,含有未知結(jié)果如何，有些為之擔(dān)心的意味，也可接for(about)和to do.。eager adj.“渴望的；熱切的”,著重指渴望什么或做什么的熱情及迫切的心情，即“成功的期望或進(jìn)取的熱情”?？山觙or和to do。即時練習(xí):(1)They are_ for success.(2)The doctor is _about/for his health.(3)He is _to know the result of the exam.答案:(1)eager (2)anxious (3)eager2.in a word,in word,in words,in so many words,in other wordsin a word意為“總而言之，簡言之”，用來表示總結(jié)歸納。in word 意為“口頭上”，指以口頭的形式表示，而并非落實在行動上，它與in deed(行動上)相對。in words意為“用語言”，指用口頭或書面語言的形式表達(dá)及描述，它不和行動相對，僅涉及語言文字的本身。in so many words 意為“說得很明白”。in other words 意為“換句話說”。即時練習(xí):(1)I dont want you simply to promise me_ that youll be good.(2)Did she say she liked you?Not _.(3)Lily is clever,polite and well-behaved, _she is worth praising.(4)The little boy can describe the beauty of the scene _.(5)He told lies, _he cheated us.答案:(1)in word (2)in so many words (3)in a word (4)in words (5)in other words誘思：實例點撥【例1】 (2010浙江模擬) Do you think I could borrow your bicycle?_A.How come? B.Take your time.C.Yes,go on. D.Yes,help yourself.提示:考查對別人請求的回答。How come意為“怎么會”；take your time意為“別著急，慢慢來”；go on意為“繼續(xù)干”。故應(yīng)選help yourself意為“自己干吧”。答案:D講評:此處是表示同意別人做某事的常用結(jié)構(gòu)。但是要注意help yourself的本質(zhì)含義，不要僅僅局限在“請隨便吃”這一個意思上?！纠?】 (2010山東模擬) Lets go to a movie after work,OK?_A.Not at all. B.Why not?C.Never mind. D.What of it?提示:not at all“一點也不”；why not“干嗎不”，表示同意某建議或想法；never mind“沒關(guān)系”；what of it“那又有什么關(guān)系”，用于表示對某事不關(guān)心或生氣地告訴某人事情與己無關(guān)。根據(jù)題意，B項正確。答案:B講評:根據(jù)詞語所表達(dá)的不同意思和前面的請求結(jié)合起來進(jìn)行選擇?！纠?】 (2010江蘇南通九校聯(lián)考) Why didnt you keep your words, Billy?Sorry, dear.But I really forgot where I was_ to meet you.A.demanded B.imaginedC.supposed D.guessed提示:sb. be supposed to do.意為“某人應(yīng)該做”。答案:C6用心 愛心 專心