第三章 句 型,第三節(jié) there be句型,知識梳理,一、there be句型的概念 there be句型也被稱作“存在句”，表示某處有某物，或某時有某事。be動詞受人稱、時態(tài)等影響。 如：There is an apple on the table. There is some apple juice in the bottle. There are many people in the street. There was some milk in the fridge yesterday, but now there is little. There were five toy buses in the living room. There will be a football match this Sunday.,在小學(xué)階段，there be句型的重點是be動詞的is和are兩種形式。 【注】there be句型中be動詞用單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式由最靠近be動詞的名詞來決定。 如：There is an apple and two oranges on the table. There are two oranges and an apple on the table.,二、there be句型的結(jié)構(gòu) 1. 肯定形式 （1）There is+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式+地點. 如：There is a map on the wall. There is an egg in the bowl. （2）There is some+不可數(shù)名詞+地點. 如：There is some water in the bottle. （3）There are+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式+地點. 如：There are four people in my family. （4）There is/are+名詞+地點+時間. 如：There is a kite show in the park on Sunday.,2. 否定形式 直接在be動詞之后加not。 如：There is not(isnt) a map on the wall. There are not（arent）any students on the playground. 3. 一般疑問句形式 將be動詞前置，陳述句就變成了一般疑問句，句號改為問號?；卮鹩谩皔es”或“no”。 如：Is there a map on the wall? Yes, there is. /No, there isnt. Are there any students on the playground? Yes, there are. /No, there arent.,4. 特殊疑問句形式 there be句型的特殊疑問句有以下三種形式： (1)Whats+地點？ 如：There is a bird in the tree. Whats in the tree? There are five boats on the lake. Whats on the lake? 【注】“Whats+地點”的句型結(jié)構(gòu)不受單復(fù)數(shù)的影響，且there 在問句中不出現(xiàn)。,(2)Whos+地點？ 如：There is an old woman in the old house. Whos in the old house? (3)How many+名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式+are there+地點？ 如：There are 48 students in my class. How many students are there in your class? There is only one rabbit on the grass. How many rabbits are there on the grass? 【注】如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞，無論其數(shù)量是1還是大于1，一律都用“How many+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式+are there?”提問。 (4)How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+地點？ 如：There are 3 bottles of milk in the fridge. How much milk is there in the fridge?,5. 反義疑問句形式 there be句型的反義疑問句的簡略問句部分，也要用there be的疑問句形式。 如：There is a cup on the table, isnt there? There is some orange in the glass, isnt there? There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, arent there? 6. there be句型和have / has的區(qū)別 there be表示“某處有什么”；have/has表示“某人/物有什么”。 如：There is a car on the road. I have a car. My father has a car.,考點精析,考點1 考查there be 句型中be 動詞的使用 【例1】單項填空。 （ ）1.There some_ juice in my glass. A.is B.are C.be （ ）2.There_ an egg and four apples on the plate. A.are B.be C.is （ ）3.There_ some candies in her bag. A.are B.is C.am,解析：本題考查there be句型中系動詞be的用法。第1小題中，雖然juice一詞前有some修飾，但juice是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞be應(yīng)該是is。第2小題的主語“an egg and four apples”，雖然是復(fù)數(shù)，但依據(jù)就近一致原則，be動詞應(yīng)使用is，使它和an egg 保持一致。如果此小題的主語順序改為“four apples and an egg”，那么be動詞就是應(yīng)使用are。第3小題中的candies是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，因此be動詞要用are。 答案：1.A 2.C 3. A,舉一反三 用there be 的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. _ a cat in the tree. 2. _ a cat and a kite in the tree. 3. _ two birds flying in the sky. 4. _ a clean river here 20 years ago. 5. _ a match between China and Japan next Friday.,There is,There is,There are,There was,There will be,考點2 考查there be句型的運(yùn)用 【例2】單項填空。 ()1. How many people in your family？ A.do you have B. are there C. have you ()2. Are there bridges over the river？ Yes， there are. A.some； some B. any； some C. any； any,解析：本題考查there be句型的運(yùn)用。第1小題，在英語中要表達(dá)家里有幾個人，多用there be 句型；第2小題考查的是there be句型中some 與any 的用法，any 用于一般疑問句和否定句，some用于肯定句。 答案：1. B2. B,舉一反三 1. 單項填空。 ( )(1)There 24 apples in the box. A. beB. haveC. are ( )(2)There isnt juice in the fridge， but there is milk. A. some； some B. some； any C. any； some 2. 選擇正確的詞（組）填空。,C,C,(1)There seven days in a week. (2)There a dog and two cats under the tree. (3)There a picture show in the museum tomorrow. (4)There some books in my desk. (5)There some milk in the bottle.,are,is,will be,are,is,考點3 考查there be句型的句型轉(zhuǎn)換 【例3】按要求改寫下列句子。 1. There is some milk in the box. (改為否定句) _ 2. There is a ball and two shoes under the chair. (就畫線部分提問) _ 解析：本題考查there be句型的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。第1小題there be句型的否定句在be動詞后加not即可，同時注意some要改為any; 第2小題，對there be 之后的名詞或名詞詞組提問時，無論名詞是單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式，都是用“Whats+地點？”提問。 答案：1. There isnt any milk in the box. 2. Whats under the chair?,舉一反三 按要求改寫下列句子。 1. There is some water in the bottle. (改為否定句) _ 2. I have a clock on the desk. (用there be 句型改寫句子) _ 3. There are seven apples on the desk. (就畫線部分提問) _ 4. There is only one car near the house. (就畫線部分提問) _,There isnt any water in the bottle.,There is a clock on the desk.,Whats on the desk?,How many cars are there near the house?,過關(guān)檢測,一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. There _ some bread in the fridge. 2. There _ some bottles of water. 3. There _ some bread in the fridge yesterday. 4. _ there any apples on the tree? 5. _ there any meat on the plate? 6. There _ many fish in the river many years ago. 7. There _ a ruler and two pens on the desk. 8. There will _ a football match in my school tomorrow. 9. _ there a party at school last Saturday? 10. There _ some good news for you.,is,are,was,Are,Is,were,is,be,Was,is,二、單項填空。 ( )1. There _ a bicycle, two buses and three jeeps behind the building. A. be B. is C. are ( )2. There are _ interesting comic books in the school library. A. an B. some C. any ( )3. There_ a bird in the tree yesterday afternoon. A. is B. was C. were ( )4. There_ any news in todays newspaper. A. is B. isnt C. arent ( )5. I _ many good friends in Beijing. A. there are B. have C. has,B,B,B,B,B,( )6. _ is in the box? A book. A. What B. Where C. Who ( )7. There is_ tea in the glass. A. a B. lots of C. any ( )8. There _ some homework today. A. is B. isnt C. are ( )9. Who _ a cat at home? A. have B. has C. is ( )10. A cat and a bird _ in the tree. A. there are B. have C. are,A,B,A,B,C,三、選擇正確的詞(組)填空。 1. _ a big sofa in the living room. 2. The table _ four legs. 3. _ several pages in the book. 4. The book _ many pages. 5. We _ a new classmate. 6. _ some fish in the river. 7. He and I _ a music teacher. 8. _ some orange juice in the glass. 9. _There are a lot of animals in the zoo. 10. A bird _ two wings.,There is,has,There are,has,have,There are,have,There is,There are,has,四、按要求改寫下列句子。 1. There are some pandas in the mountain. (改為否定句) _ 2. There is some coffee in the cup. (改為一般疑問句并作肯定回答) _ _ 3. There is a pen and a book in my bag. (就畫線部分提問) _ 4. There are four people in my family. (就畫線部分提問) _ 5. There are many tall buildings in the city. (改為反義疑問句) _,There arent any pandas in the mountain.,Is there any coffee in the cup?,Yes, there is.,Whats in your bag?,How many people are there in your family?,There are many tall buildings in the city, arent there?,五、根據(jù)問句選答句。 ( )1.Is there a dog under the chair? ( )2.Whats in your pencil case? ( )3.How many people are there in your family? ( )4.What can you see in the picture? ( )5.Are there any people in the living room?,B,C,E,A,D,六、將下列句子改為一般疑問句，并作肯定和否定回答。 1.There are many erasers in my schoolbag. _ _ 2.There are two birds in the tree. _ _ 3.There are some teachers in the teacherss office. _ _ 4.There is a park behind our school. _ _,Are there many erasers in your schoolbag?,Yes,there are./No,there arent.,Are there two birds in the tree?,Yes,there are./No,there arent.,Are there any teachers in the teachersoffice?,Yes,there are./No,there arent.,Is there a park behind your school?,Yes,there are./No,there arent.,