二、細(xì)節(jié)理解間接信息題,專題三第二節(jié)分類突破,真題感悟,名師點(diǎn)津,內(nèi)容索引,隨堂限時(shí)練,真題感悟,(2018全國，A) Washington，D.C.Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C. Duration：3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear!,Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration：3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington，D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.Guided tour includes bike，helmet，cookies and bottled water.,Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C. Duration：3 hours Morning or Afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C.newers and locals looking to experience Washington，D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路線) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.,Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration：3 hours (7 miles) Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington，D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.,語篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了在華盛頓特區(qū)進(jìn)行的四項(xiàng)自行車旅行。,語篇解讀,21.Which tour do you need to book in advance? A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C. B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C. D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一項(xiàng)自行車旅行中的最后一句“Reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear！”可知，這項(xiàng)自行車旅行需要提前預(yù)訂。其他三項(xiàng)自行車旅行都沒有提到需要預(yù)訂。,答案,解析,22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A.Meet famous people. B.Go to a national park. C.Visit well-known museums. D.Enjoy interesting stories.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三項(xiàng)自行車旅行中的第二句“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.”可知，在Capital City Bike Tour中，導(dǎo)游會(huì)為你講述關(guān)于總統(tǒng)、國會(huì)、紀(jì)念碑和公園的最有趣的故事。,答案,解析,23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A.City maps. B.Cameras. C.Meals. D.Safety lights.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的at night可定位到最后一項(xiàng)自行車旅行。根據(jù)最后兩句“Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.”可知，在晚上進(jìn)行的這項(xiàng)自行車旅行給游客配備了安全燈。,答案,解析,名師點(diǎn)津,一、題型解讀 1.話題特點(diǎn) ?？疾殚g接信息理解類的話題有：(1)人物類；(2)故事類；(3)文化教育類；(4)史地自然類；(5)社會(huì)生活類；(6)科普說明類。 2.設(shè)問形式 特殊疑問句形式或填空形式： (1)According to the author/passage，. (2)What can we learn about.? (3)What was the reason for.?,二、解題技巧“斷章取義”定答案 第一步：閱讀題干，確定關(guān)鍵詞，鎖定原文相關(guān)信息 第二步：定位題干關(guān)鍵詞的轉(zhuǎn)換形式 第三步：利用正確選項(xiàng)特征，確定答案,正確選項(xiàng)特征： (1)用同義或近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。如【真題感悟】第21題題干中book in advance“提前預(yù)定”與原文中“Reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear(在有效期即櫻花消失前預(yù)約)”意思相同，所以知答案為A項(xiàng)。 (2)同根詞或原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 (3)語言簡化。簡化原文中的復(fù)雜語言現(xiàn)象，并設(shè)置為答案。 (4)反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)。,隨堂限時(shí)練,A (2018山東棗莊一模) Natalie Trayling is a famous street artist in Melbourne.At first，those who happened to pass by her and spare some change didnt even realize what a musical 1genius was playing.The emotional tune was not only masterfully played but also posed by Natalie herself when she was only 14.Gradually，as long as she appears，people will stop，absorbed in her music.Her music makes you think about calmness，the good things in life，and never giving up.,But what people do not know is that behind the beautiful music of the old woman，it is full of bitterness.At the age of 12，she won a music 2scholarship at Santa Maria College.At 15 she knocked back a scholarship to the Royal Academy of Music in London because her parents couldnt pay non-tuition costs.When she left school，she taught piano at Santa Maria.Later she met her husband，Denis.They had four children，but the two of them died.In 1984，Denis asked for a divorce.Natalies son，Nathan，was given medication for depression.Natalie lived either outdoors in Royal Park or in boarding houses for nine years.In late 2003 Natalie collapsed with anaemia(貧血) and was hospitalized for six months.,For half a century，Natalie has been 3teased by fate.But even so，she never gave up her love for music.When asked why music was so important to her，she said，“Music is everything.I do feel part of it.The whole world is music.” When Natalie went on the Internet，she became a sign of Melbourne.People are impressed by her 4persistence in dreams and the optimism of life.Now she is no longer wandering around.She can play the piano at any time，but as long as the weather is good，she will walk to the streets of Melbourne，and play a 9touching melody for the rush of the city.,語篇解讀本文介紹了澳大利亞墨爾本一位堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、勇敢的街頭藝術(shù)家Natalie Trayling。,語篇解讀,1.Why is Natalies music so touching to the passers-by? A.It is full of bitterness. B.She posed it herself. C.Its a reflection of her own life. D.It reminds them of the beauty of life.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，路人聽到娜塔莉的演奏都會(huì)駐足聆聽，因?yàn)槟人虻臉仿曌屇愠领o下來，思考生命中那些美好的事物，讓你覺得永遠(yuǎn)都不要放棄。故選D。,答案,解析,2.Which of the following can replace the underlined words “knocked back” in Paragraph 2? A.Gave up. B.Obtained. C.Accepted. D.Was awarded.,解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后面的“because her parents couldnt pay non-tuition costs”可知，娜塔莉在15歲時(shí)拒絕了倫敦皇家音樂學(xué)院的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，因?yàn)樗母改肛?fù)擔(dān)不起學(xué)費(fèi)以外的費(fèi)用。故選A。,答案,解析,3.What does music mean to Natalie? A.Its her hobby. B.Its the source of her misfortune. C.It is part of her life. D.Its a way to earn a living.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Music is everything.I do feel part of it.The whole world is music.”可知，對娜塔莉而言，音樂就是一切，她覺得自己是它的一部分，音樂是全世界。故選C。,答案,解析,4.What does the author try to tell us? A.Natalie is a musical genius. B.Life is not easy for everyone. C.Never give up halfway. D.Natalie has a strong and brave heart.,解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段得知娜塔莉在網(wǎng)上走紅后，一下子成了墨爾本的標(biāo)志。人們被她對夢想的執(zhí)著和對生活的樂觀精神所打動(dòng)。說明作者想通過本文向我們介紹墨爾本堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、勇敢的街頭藝術(shù)家娜塔莉。故選D。,答案,解析,B (2018山東泰安質(zhì)檢) Honesty is the best policy.We may agree that admitting mistakes and behaving in a genuine way is the right way to lead our lives，but is there something in our human nature that makes us immoral？For example，in some shops and car parks you can find an honesty boxa box where you pay for something by putting money in itbut it relies on you to put the right amount of cash in.This relies on people being honest and not trying to cheat but it does provide a 5temptation to 6get away with not paying the full amount.,Philip Graves，a psychologist，suggests that this temptation is part of our 7evolution.He says，“We have evolved with the ability to be dishonest.Its part of our evolutionary psychological make-upbecause if we can gain an advantage over the people around us，we have a greater chance of surviving.” So why do we place such importance on being honest if we benefit from being dishonest? Its because it is selfish behavior.If everybody acted selfishly and dishonestly all the time，the world would be a very unpleasant place.As Philip Graves says，“There is a balance to strike between the extent to which we can feather our own nest，so to speak，,and the risk of being ostracized(排斥) by the group.” So，for societies to work together we need to trust each other and therefore we need to be honest. Being trustworthy with money is of course vital for an economy to survive.But being honest with words is another matter，saying what we think to someone can get us into hot water.However，a new anonymous messaging app has been designed that lets anyone with a link to your profile(簡介) to send you a message without knowing who its from.The app now has 300 million users which perhaps indicates how honest we really like to bebut in all honesty，do you want to know what people think about you? Is honesty always the best policy?,語篇解讀,語篇解讀這是一篇議論文。在生活、工作中，誠實(shí)一定是上策嗎？本文討論了誠實(shí)守信是人的本能還是社交生活的必然產(chǎn)物。,5.What does an honesty box require people to do? A.Get the change out of it freely. B.Put the correct amount of money in it. C.Donate the pocket money to others. D.Pay a larger amount of money.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句可知，誠實(shí)盒子要求人們在盒子里放入正確數(shù)目的錢。故選B。,答案,解析,6.According to Philip Graves，being dishonest . A.is a disadvantage B.should be 8advocated C.is part of our evolution D.helps people survive better,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Philip Graves的話可知，不誠實(shí)是我們進(jìn)化的一部分。故選C。,答案,解析,7.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.The reason for being honest. B.The benefit of being dishonest. C.The 10oute of selfishness. D.The importance of group work.,解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容尤其是該段首句可知，此段主要向我們敘述要誠實(shí)的原因。故選A。,答案,解析,8.What can we infer from the text? A.Honesty is always the best policy. B.The author is in favor of dishonesty. C.The market of the new app is promising. D.Being honest with words is sometimes improper.,解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，誠實(shí)的話有時(shí)候是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?。故選D。,答案,解析,素材提煉再拓展,做完以上兩篇閱讀后，巧妙運(yùn)用語境，解決障礙詞和長難句,.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測畫線部分的意思 1.Chaplin was not just a genius，but he was among the most influential figures in film history. _ 2.Angelas $7,000 tuition at university this year will be paid for with scholarships. _ 3.He teased the dog by pulling its tail. _ 4.It requires time and persistence，so stick with it. _,天才,獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,戲弄,毅力；堅(jiān)持,5.Resist the temptation to buy the item until youre certain you need it. _ 6.Those who lie and cheat will never get away with it. _ 7.The theory of evolution is the scientific idea that plants and animals develop and change gradually over a long period of time. _ 8.We advocate strict control of pollution to protect the environment._,誘惑,(做了錯(cuò)事)不受懲罰,進(jìn)化,提倡,(二)同義詞語替換 9.The movie is about a sweet，touching romance story between a girl and a boy after their online encounter. _ 10.Five minutes from the end，the oute of the match was still in doubt. _,moving,result,.長難句理解 1.When asked why music was so important to her，she said，“Music is everything.I do feel part of it.The whole world is music.” 句式分析本句話主干為簡單句五種句型中的 結(jié)構(gòu)，主干的主語是 ，謂語是 ，賓語是直接引語“Music is everything.I do feel part of it.The whole world is music.”。When asked why music was so important to her是 從句的省略形式，補(bǔ)充完整為_ 。,主謂賓,she,said,狀語,When she was,asked why music was so important to her,精美譯文,當(dāng)被問到為什么音樂對她那么重要時(shí)，她說：“音樂就是一切，我覺得自己是它的一部分，音樂是全世界?！?2.For example，in some shops and car parks you can find an honesty boxa box where you pay for something by putting money in itbut it relies on you to put the right amount of cash in. 句式分析本句是并列句，第一個(gè)簡單句是you can find an honesty box；a box where you pay for something by putting money in it是同位語，對前面的an honesty box加以解釋；where you pay for something by putting money in it是 從句。第二個(gè)簡單句是it relies on you to put the right amount of cash in。,定語,精美譯文_ _,例如，在一些商店和停車場，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)誠實(shí)盒子，就是你往里面放你買東西所花的錢的盒子，但是在盒子里放入正確數(shù)目的錢這依靠你自己。,