第三章 句 型,第二節(jié) 疑問(wèn)句,知識(shí)梳理,一、疑問(wèn)句的概念、分類 疑問(wèn)句的主要交際功能是提出問(wèn)題，詢問(wèn)情況。它分為一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句和反義疑問(wèn)句四種。在書(shū)寫(xiě)時(shí)句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。 如：一般疑問(wèn)句：Is this your classroom? 特殊疑問(wèn)句：What is your name? 選擇疑問(wèn)句：Is your friend a boy or a girl? 反義疑問(wèn)句：You like English very much, dont you?,二、一般疑問(wèn)句 1. 一般疑問(wèn)句的概念 一般疑問(wèn)句通常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)一件事情是否屬實(shí)，答句通常由“yes”或“no”引導(dǎo)，所以一般疑問(wèn)句又稱作“是非問(wèn)句”，即“Yes/No questions”。 2. 將陳述句改為一般疑問(wèn)句的方法 (1) 當(dāng)句中含有be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只要把這些詞提前至句首，再將句號(hào)改為問(wèn)號(hào)即可。 如：He is from England.Is he from England? They are working hard. Are they working hard? Mike and John were sick last week.Were Mike and John sick last week?,【注】將陳述句改為疑問(wèn)句的時(shí)候，一般要將第一人稱改為第二人稱。 如：I am doing my homework. Are you doing your homework? He is our new teacher. Is he your new teacher? 對(duì)一般疑問(wèn)句的回答要簡(jiǎn)潔，在yes，no之后，要用人稱代詞來(lái)代替問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)。 如：Were Mike and John sick last week? Yes, they were.,(2) 當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須在句首加上相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞do，does或did，加上這些助動(dòng)詞后，句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用原形。 如：I go to school by subway. Do you go to school by subway? Mike likes swimming. Does Mike like swimming? My mother read a magazine yesterday afternoon. Did your mother read a magazine yesterday afternoon?,（3）在把陳述句變成一般疑問(wèn)句的時(shí)候，若句中有some，something，somebody等詞，要將之變成any，anything，anybody等。 如：There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass? Somebody is waiting for you near the gate. Is anybody waiting for me near the gate? 【注】當(dāng)some 是某些固定搭配詞組的組成部分時(shí)，則無(wú)須變化。這樣的詞組包括do some shopping,do some cleaning, do some washing, do some reading等。 如：I do some shopping with my aunt on Saturday. Do you do some shopping with your aunt on Saturday?,三、特殊疑問(wèn)句 1. 特殊疑問(wèn)句的概念 以特殊疑問(wèn)詞開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，叫作特殊疑問(wèn)句。常見(jiàn)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞包括：what(什么)，when(什么時(shí)候)，where(哪里)，why(為什么)，how(怎么樣)，which(哪一個(gè))，who(誰(shuí))，whose(誰(shuí)的), 另外還有一些特殊疑問(wèn)詞組，如：what time(什么時(shí)間)，what colour(什么顏色)，what size(什么尺碼)，how many/much(多少)，how long (多長(zhǎng))，how often(多久)等。,2. 常見(jiàn)的疑問(wèn)詞（組）及其用法 (1)what：用于對(duì)指物的名詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)提問(wèn)。 如：This is an orange. What is this? I am going to play the guitar. What are you going to do? (2) when：用于對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)。 如：I read English early in the morning. When do you read English? John went to the cinema at 8:00 last night.When did John go to the cinema last night? (3) where：用于對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)。 如：I study in Chaoyang Primary School. Where do you study?,(4)why：用于對(duì)事情的原因提問(wèn)。 如：I go to work by subway because it is fast. Why do you go to work by subway? (5)how：用于對(duì)方式或程度等提問(wèn)。 如：I go to school on foot. How do you go to school? (6)which：用于對(duì)名詞前的修飾詞提問(wèn)，而且必須和名詞連用。 如：I want the big backpack. Which backpack do you want? The woman with a handbag is Miss Green. Which woman is Miss Green? The taller man is Mr Black. Which man is Mr Black?,(7)who：用于對(duì)人提問(wèn)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可用whom代替。 如：My sister is drawing a horse. Who is drawing a horse? I often play with Lucy after school. Who/Whom do you often play with after school? 【注】用who 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞一般要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 (8) whose：用于對(duì)物主代詞和名詞所有格提問(wèn)，通常和名詞連用。 如：Mikes coat is on the chair. Whose coat is on the chair?,(9) what time：用于對(duì)時(shí)刻提問(wèn)。 如：Its 6:40 now. What time is it now? (10)what colour:用于對(duì)顏色提問(wèn)。 如： The curtain is yellow. What colour is the curtain? (11) how many：用于對(duì)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問(wèn)。 如：I see two hundred rabbits on the farm. How many rabbits do you see on the farm? There is one duck in the river. How many ducks are there in the river? 【注】how many必須接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。,(12) how much：用于對(duì)價(jià)格提問(wèn)，以及對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問(wèn)。 如：The pen is 12 yuan. How much is the pen? I bought 2 bottles of juice. How much juice did you buy? (13)how long：用于對(duì)長(zhǎng)度提問(wèn)；how tall：用于對(duì)高度提問(wèn)；how heavy：用于對(duì)重量提問(wèn)。 如：The ruler is 2 metres long. How long is the ruler？ Mike is 158 cm tall. How tall is Mike? Im 51 kg. How heavy are you?,(14)how often：用于對(duì)時(shí)間頻率提問(wèn)。 如：I water the flowers once a day. How often do you water the flowers? (15)how far：用于對(duì)距離提問(wèn)。 如：Its about two kilometres from here to the country.How far is it from here to the country? (16)對(duì)日期、星期幾、天氣等提問(wèn)，則分別用： 問(wèn)日期：Whats the date today? 問(wèn)星期幾：What day is it today? 問(wèn)天氣：Whats the weather like today?,四、選擇疑問(wèn)句 選擇疑問(wèn)句提出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上可能的答案供對(duì)方選擇。這類疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成：疑問(wèn)句+選項(xiàng)A or 選項(xiàng)B？ 如：Is your pen pal a boy or a girl? Do you like playing football，basketball or baseball? Which flower do you like, the pink one or the purple one? 【注】一般的選擇疑問(wèn)句不能用“yes”或“no”回答，而要選擇回答。如： Is your pen pal a boy or a girl? A girl. 但是，也有例外。如：Shall we walk or go by bus? No, we shall go by taxi.,五、反義疑問(wèn)句 1. 反義疑問(wèn)句的概念 反義疑問(wèn)句是對(duì)陳述句所敘述的事實(shí)提出看法，問(wèn)對(duì)方是否同意。 2. 反義疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)反義疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成：陳述句+簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句。 （1） 如果前一部分為肯定形式，則后一部分用否定形式。 （2）如果前一部分為否定形式，則后一部分用肯定形式。,3. 反義疑問(wèn)句的用法 （1） 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)人稱、數(shù)和動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與陳述句中的主語(yǔ)人稱、數(shù)和動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)相一致，并且在簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句部分一定要用人稱代詞來(lái)代替前面所說(shuō)的人或事物。 如：Mary likes reading, doesnt she? You arent a new student, are you? （2）如果陳述句中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則其簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句要用同一個(gè)詞。 如：He can swim, cant he? Your mother is a teacher, isnt she? （3） 陳述部分是there be句型時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句部分也用there be。 如：There are some people in the room, arent there?,考點(diǎn)精析,考點(diǎn)1 考查特殊疑問(wèn)詞（組）的運(yùn)用 【例1】從How many,How much,How often,How far,How old中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)詞組填空 1. is the doll?Its 20 dollars. 2. is it from Guangzhou to Shenzhen? About 2 hours by car. 3. birds can you see in the tree?13. 4. do you do sports?Three times a week. 5. is the plant?Its one month old.,解析：本題考查how 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞組所構(gòu)成的特殊疑問(wèn)句。這要求學(xué)生熟記各疑問(wèn)詞組的意思和用法， 同時(shí)根據(jù)答句分析選擇是關(guān)鍵。第1小題答句中的20 dollars 涉及價(jià)錢； 第2小題答句About two hours by car 與路程相關(guān)；第3小題一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的13回答的是數(shù)量；第4小題Three times a week 說(shuō)的是頻率；第5小題 one month old 與年齡相關(guān)。 答案：1. How much 2. How far 3. How many 4. How often 5. How old,舉一反三 1. 用適當(dāng)?shù)奶厥庖蓡?wèn)詞組填空。 (1) _ is your backpack？ Blue. (2) _ do you get up at the weekend？ At 8：00. (3) _ do you wear？ I wear Size L. (4) _ is it today？ Its Friday.,What colour,What time,What size,What day,2. 用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)詞填空。 (1) _bike is that？ Mikes. (2) _ is my mobile phone？ Is it on the sofa？ (3) _ is your father？ Hes fine. (4) _ umbrella is yours？ The blue one. (5) _ do you like summer？ Because I can go swimming then.,Why,Whose,Where,How,Which,考點(diǎn)2 考查陳述句與疑問(wèn)句的句型轉(zhuǎn)換 【例2】 按要求完成下列句子。 1 Mike takes a bus to school. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并做肯定回答） 2 She is a nurse.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并做否定回答） 3 My schoolbag is red（就畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn)）,解析：第1小題考查的是含行為動(dòng)詞的陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句的方法。要特別注意行為動(dòng)詞的三單形式變問(wèn)句時(shí)需要在句首加助動(dòng)詞does，而后面用原形動(dòng)詞； 回答的時(shí)候，在yes或者no之后要用人稱代詞來(lái)代替原句中的人或事物。第2題考查的是一般疑問(wèn)句的改寫(xiě)方法。簡(jiǎn)單地講，如果陳述句中有be動(dòng)詞、have、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，直接將其提到句首，句末句點(diǎn)變?yōu)閱?wèn)號(hào)即可；如果沒(méi)有，則需要在句首加上助動(dòng)詞（如do / does / did等）才能將陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變成一般疑問(wèn)句。如果陳述句主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，提問(wèn)時(shí)要將其變?yōu)?第二人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要做出相應(yīng)的變化。因此，在第2小題中的陳述句可以改成這樣的一般疑問(wèn)句：Is she a nurse?否定回答是：No,she isnt.第3題考查特殊疑問(wèn)句的用法，題中的畫(huà)線部分表示顏色，對(duì)顏色提問(wèn)應(yīng)該用what colour,再套用“疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句”這一特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，本題的答案應(yīng)該是：what colour is your schoolbag? 答案：1.Does Mike take a bus to school?Yes, he does. 2.Is she a nurse?No, she isnt. 3.What colour is your schoolbag?,【例3】將下列反義疑問(wèn)句補(bǔ)充完整， 并作肯定回答。 My grandpa likes reading, _? _ 解析:反義疑問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句部分的人稱和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須和主句的保持一致, likes 對(duì)應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞是does， 且要用人稱代詞he代替my grandpa. 答案：doesnt he; Yes, he does.,【例4】就畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn)。 1. The blue skirt is Amys. _ 2. The blue skirt is Amys. _ 解析:本題考查就畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn)，畫(huà)線部分就是將陳述句改成特殊疑問(wèn)句的提問(wèn)點(diǎn)，也就是決定選擇哪個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)詞。第1小題中的blue其實(shí)是要加入the blue用于指定名詞的性質(zhì)，也就是找“哪一個(gè)（which）”的問(wèn)題； 第2小題中的Amys 是說(shuō)明物主，即要找是“誰(shuí)的（whose）”東西的問(wèn)題。 答案：1. Which skirt is Amys? 2. Whose is the blue skirt?,舉一反三 1. 將下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句。 (1) Jack is a Canadian boy. _ (2) Mary comes from America. _ (3) They do morning exercises every day. _,Do they do morning exercises every day？,Is Jack a Canadian boy？,Does Mary come from America？,2. 將下列句子改為反義疑問(wèn)句。 (1) Jane and Amy are in the same class. _ _ (2) We wont go with our parents. _ (3) My uncle plays football every Monday afternoon. _ _,My uncle plays football every Monday afternoon， doesnt he？,Jane and Amy are in the same class，arent they？,We wont go with our parents， will we？,3. 就畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn)。 (1) I can run with you. _ (2) The pair of shoes is 98 yuan. _ (3) Jason wants the brown coat. _,Which coat does Jason want？,What can you do？,How much is the pair of shoes？,過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè),1. 單項(xiàng)填空。 ( )1. _ is your shirt? Its black and white. A. What B. What colour C. Which ( )2. _ room is it? Its the twins. A. What B. Which C. Whose ( )3. _ room is the twins? The pink one. A. What B. Which C. Whose ( )4. _you like some milk? A. Are B. Can C. Would,B,C,B,C,( )5. _cups of tea do you want? Two. A. How many B. How much C. How far ( )6. _tea do you want? Two cups. A. How many B. How much C. How far ( )7. Will she _ tomorrow? A. come B.comes C. coming ( )8. _ you _ swimming this Saturday？ A. Will； go to B. Will； go C. Will； going ( )9. _? Its five. A. What day is it B. What time is it C. How much is it ( )10. How many _ can you see? A. bird B. birds C. birdes,A,B,A,B,B,B,二、用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)詞（組）填空。 1. _ book is on the chair?Mikes. 2. _ book is Mikes?The one on the chair. 3. _ is Mikes book?On the chair. 4. _ is the bag?Blue. 5. _ is the bag?180 yuan. 6. _How old is your father?Hes 40. 7. _How is Mike?Hes not well. 8. _Which girl is Amy?The girl in red. 9. _Whose is the red Tshirt?Amys. 10. _ do you water the flowers? Twice a week.,Whose,Which,Where,What colour,How much,How old,How,Which,Whose,How often,三、將下列陳述句改為一般疑問(wèn)句。 1. Im putting on my clothes. _ _ putting on _ clothes? 2. She leaves home very early. _ she _ home very early? 3. My sister often does her homework at home. _ your sister often _ her homework at home? 4. He is two years older than his sister. _ _ two years older than his sister? 5. Tom has lunch at school every day. _ Tom _ lunch at school every day? 6. I did my homework at school yesterday. _ you _ _ homework at school yesterday?,Are,you,your,Does,leave,Does,do,Is,he,Does,have,Did,do,your,四、把下列句子改為反義疑問(wèn)句。 1. Therere more than ten pandas on the hill. Therere more than ten pandas on the hill, _ _? 2. You like listening to soft music. You like listening to soft music, _ _? 3. She isnt the best one in the class. She isnt the best one in the class, _ _? 4. Everything goes well. Everything goes well, _ _? 5. Mike came here by bike. Mike came here by bike, _ _?,arent,there,dont,you,is,she,doesnt,it,didnt,he,五、就畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn)。 1 She does exercise at home in the evening. _ _ she _ at home in the evening? 2. Hes going to a party on Saturday evening. _ _ he going to a party? 3. The children will work on the farm. _ _ _ on the farm? 4. The woman in red coat is her mother. _ _is her mother? 5. She writes to her parents once a week. _ _ _ she write to her parents?,What,does,do,When,is,Who,will,work,Which,woman,How,often,does,6. She is going to read a book this Sunday. _ _ she _ _ _ this Sunday? 7. My sister is doing her homework. _ _ your sister _? 8. Bill goes to Sydney by plane. _ _Bill _ to Sydney? 9. Im going to the zoo because I want to see the baby panda. _ _ _ _ _ the zoo? 10. The sun shines, and the water becomes vapour. _ _ the water become vapour?,What,is,going,to,do,What,is,doing,How,does,go,Why,are,you,going,to,How,does,