2020 2021 學(xué)年人教新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit 8 知識(shí)梳理及重難點(diǎn)講練知 識(shí) 梳 理一、詞匯拓展：technology (n.科技；工藝) technological (adj. 科技的)French (n. 法語(yǔ)) France (n. 法國(guó)) Frenchman (n. 法國(guó)人)southern (adj. 南方的) south (n. 南方)success (n. 成功) successful (adj. 成功的) successfully (adv.成功地) succeed (v.成功) laughter (n. 笑，笑聲) laugh (v. 大笑，笑)beauty (n. 美，美麗) beautiful (adj.美麗的；美好的) beautifully (adv. 美好地，漂亮地) introduce (v. 介紹，引見(jiàn)) introduction (n. 介紹)二、短語(yǔ)歸納：full ofon the islandbring backleave behindin two weeksbe interested incountry musicthe home of滿是的；(有)大量的；(有)豐富的 在島上帶回留下；落下；忘帶兩周后對(duì)感興趣鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)之鄉(xiāng)hurry upgrow upat leastgive upwait forthe marks ofever sincesuch as趕快；急忙(做某事) 長(zhǎng)大；成熟 至少;最少放棄等待的跡象 自從例如the beauty of nature 大自然之美do some research做一些研究more than超過(guò)；多于one another ( = each other)互相a number ofa bit boringbelong to一些，若干有點(diǎn)兒枯燥乏味屬于；是(某團(tuán)體、國(guó)家等)的成員the number ofat the end offight over的數(shù)量 在的結(jié)尾/末端 因而爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)奪三、固定用法：be due to do sth.learn to do sth.see sb. doing sth.in+一段時(shí)間name sb.one.the other.can't wait to do sth.What do you think of.? have/has been to +地點(diǎn)名詞 it is one's dream to do sth. come to do sth.introduce A to B預(yù)計(jì)做某事；預(yù)定要做某事 學(xué)習(xí)/學(xué)會(huì)做某事看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事 在(時(shí)間)后給某人取名為一個(gè)另一個(gè) 迫不及待做某事你認(rèn)為怎么樣？ 去過(guò)做某事是某人的夢(mèng)逐漸/終于把 A 介紹給 Bbe interested in (doing) sth.對(duì)(做)某事感興趣重難點(diǎn)講練重點(diǎn)一：You should hurry up . 你得快點(diǎn)。hurry up 趕快；急忙（做某事）(用在口語(yǔ)中，用來(lái)催促別人快走）拓展：in a hurry匆忙地hurry to do sth 匆忙去做hurry off 匆忙離開(kāi)Hurry to sp. 著急去某地 I'm in a hurry. 我很趕?！炯磳W(xué)即練】(1) _, or well be late for the meeting. Its only half past one by my watch. We have enough time left.A. Hurry upB. Dont worryC. Never mind D. Be quiet他匆忙地回到家里去看電視節(jié)目中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)。He _ _ _ home to watch the TV program The Chinese Poetry Competition. 重點(diǎn)二：辨析 be full of / filled withTreasure Island is about a boy who went out to sea and found an Island full of treasures.Treasure Island 講的是一個(gè)小男孩出海并發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)滿是珠寶的小島的故事。full of 充滿be full of = be filled with 充滿 If you read a lot, your life will be full of pleasure.【即學(xué)即練】(1) If you read a lot, your life will be full _ pleasure. A. By B. of C. for D. with(2) The box is too heavy to carry. Whats is it? Oh, it is _ books. A. filled with B. covered with C. used for D. asked for重點(diǎn)三：The book report is due in two weeks. 讀書報(bào)告兩周后就要到期了。（1）due adj. 預(yù)期；預(yù)定 , 通常只用作表語(yǔ)。be due to do sth 預(yù)期做某事You are due to hand in your composition on Friday afternoon. 你預(yù)計(jì)在周五下午上交作文。 （2）in two weeks “兩周之后”，in 意為“在.以后”，“in + 一段時(shí)間”用在一般將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中，意為“在時(shí)間后”。He will be back in a week. 一周之后，他將回來(lái)。注意：after 常用在一般過(guò)去式的句子中。He got to Beijing after two hours. 他是兩個(gè)下時(shí)候到北京的。【即學(xué)即練】(1) Shall we stop and wait for others? They will catch up _ a few minutes. A. at B. on C. in D. for(2) I can finish the report on foot safety in two days. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_ _ can you finish the report on food safety?重點(diǎn)四：One of them died but the other ran towards my house.他們中的一個(gè)人死了，另一個(gè)朝我的房子這邊跑過(guò)來(lái)了。One. the other 一個(gè).另一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)otherthe otherothersthe othersanother含義泛指其他的人、物 指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè) 泛指另外幾個(gè)，其余的 其他東西；其余的人們 其他的；再一個(gè)；另一個(gè)用法作形容詞或代詞，其后接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式通常用于固定短語(yǔ) one. The other .中 是 other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)特指某一范圍的“其他的人或物” 只能用于三個(gè)或更多的人或物【即學(xué)即練】(1) Lily and her sister look the same. I cant tell one from _. (other, the other, others) (2) Volunteers help with research and animal rescue, and they teach _ about sea life.A. other B. others C. the other D. another重點(diǎn)五：Hes sold more than 120 million records. million n. 一百萬(wàn)他的唱片銷量已經(jīng)超過(guò) 1.2 億張。hundred n. 百thousand n. 千million n. 百萬(wàn)hundreds ofthousands ofmillions of成百上千的 成千上萬(wàn)的 成百萬(wàn)的拓展：(1) 當(dāng) million 前面有具體的數(shù)字時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式(2 )當(dāng) million 后與 of 連用時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，millions of 是數(shù)百萬(wàn)的意思，前面不能加數(shù)詞總結(jié)：具體的不加 s 也不加 of；不具體的加 s 也加 of【即學(xué)即練】_ people will go to the party. Do you know?A. Millions of B. Million of C. Five Millions D. Million重點(diǎn)六： Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and success, but not about belonging to a group. 如今許多歌曲只是關(guān)于美國(guó)現(xiàn)代生活的，比如金錢和成 功的重要性，而不是有關(guān)歸屬感的。(教材 P622b)1. modern adj. 現(xiàn)代的；當(dāng)代的Eg. Modern technology has opened our eyes to many things.現(xiàn)代科技開(kāi)闊了我們的眼界，讓我們了解了許多事物。【即學(xué)即用】根據(jù)句意和漢語(yǔ)提示，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。(2018· 泰州中考)The Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge is considered as one of the " seven wonders of the （現(xiàn)代的）world".港珠澳大橋被認(rèn)為是"現(xiàn)代世界七大奇跡"之一。modern 作形容詞，意為"現(xiàn)代的”。2. success n. 成功success 在此處作不可數(shù)名詞，意為"成功”。它還可作可數(shù)名詞，意為”成功的人或事”。Eg. Failure is the mother of success. (諺語(yǔ))失敗是成功之母。His new book was a great success.他新出版的書獲得了巨大成功?！就卣寡由臁縮uccess 的相關(guān)詞：success n. 成功 succeed v. 成功 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地單元語(yǔ)法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) (Present Perfect Tense)1. 定義：（1）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 Its so dark. 太黑了。 Someone has turned off the light. 有人把燈關(guān)上了。（2）表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與 since + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for + 一段時(shí)間，since + 時(shí)間段 + ago, so far 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 I have lived here for ten years.我已經(jīng)住在這里 10 年了。（從 10 年前開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒） I have lived here since 2003. 自從 2003 年我就住在這兒。（從 2003 年開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒） 2. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)及句型轉(zhuǎn)換：主語(yǔ) + have / has + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。 (當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù) has, 其余人稱用 have。) 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has + 過(guò)去分詞+其他I have finished my homework. (肯定句) 否定句：主語(yǔ)+have / has + not + 過(guò)去分詞+其他I have not finished my homework. （否定句） 一般疑問(wèn)句：Have / Has + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他 Have you finished your homework?Yes, I have. / No, I havent, （肯定、否定回答）3. has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的區(qū)別Have / Has gone (to) :去了 (現(xiàn)在不在說(shuō)話現(xiàn)場(chǎng)) Where is your father？ He has gone to Shanghai.Have / Has been (to) : 去過(guò)（已不在去過(guò)的地方） My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方） My father has been in Shanghai for two months.= My father has been in Shanghai since two months ago.4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞： 常與 just, already, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等連用，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成，不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)。 Have you ever been to Japan? I have just finished my homework. for + 時(shí)間段；since + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)；since + 段時(shí)間 ago；since + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子。They have known each other for five years. Since he was a child, he has lived in England.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化：1. 一般在動(dòng)詞詞尾直接加 ed。如：pick picked picked; wish wished wished; stay stayed stayed2. 以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后面加 d。如：like liked liked; hope hoped hoped; phone phoned phoned3. 以輔音字母 + y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變 y 為 i，再加-ed。如：study studied studied; hurry hurried hurried; reply replied replied4. 詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，要雙寫輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop stopped stopped; clap clapped clapped不規(guī)則變化：1. 以不變應(yīng)萬(wàn)變。如：let let let; put put put; read read read2. 若中間有雙寫 e，則去掉一個(gè) e，單詞末尾再加 t。如：feel felt felt; keep kept kept; sleep slept slept3. 結(jié)尾的字母 d 變 t。如：lend lent lent; build built built; send sent sent綜 合 能 力 提 升一、完成句子1. 從那以后，她成了美國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)的一位歌迷。_ _ then, she has been a fan of American country music.2. 從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始，這本書屬于你了。From now on, this book _ _ you.2. 我們都應(yīng)該互相幫助。We all should help _ _.3. 她逐漸意識(shí)到，事實(shí)上她是多么想念他們。She _ _ _ how much she actually missed all of them.4. 快點(diǎn)兒！所有人都在等我們。_ _！Everyone is waiting for us.一、完形填空Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote 1._ 300 songs and an opera.Xian was born in Panyu, Guangdong, China in1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with 2. _ mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 13 years old. In the beginning,his violin was 3. _ cheap and badly made that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop 4. _ and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students who studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he 5. _ ，Xian became the school's best student 6. _ won several prizes for his talents.In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan'an to teach music at a college. 7. _ there were no pianos in Yan'an at that time, Xian still wrote 8. _ of his most important music there, including The Yellow River,his most famous work.In May 1940, Xian was sent to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very 9. _ . Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness 10. _ October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian's music however, lives on in the people's hearts.（ ）1. A. near （ ）2. A. he （ ）3. A. soB. nearlyB. himB. suchC. nearbyC. hisC.veryD. nearerD. he'sD. much（ ）4. A. practise （ ）5. A. leave （ ）6. A. and （ ）7. A. If （ ）8. A. any （ ）9. A. hard （ ）10. A. atB. practisingB. leavesB.butB. AlthoughB. littleB. harderB. inC.to practiseC.leftC. asC. WhenC. fewC. hardestC. onD. practisedD.was leavingD. orD. BecauseD. someD.the hardestD. by