（直擊高考）2013高考英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法重難點(diǎn)系列 專題09 定語(yǔ)從句的難點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn) 定語(yǔ)從句是由關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose, as)和關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why)引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾主句的某個(gè)成分，被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的那個(gè)詞叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞的后面。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)；關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。 定語(yǔ)從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)的叫非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。限定性定語(yǔ)從句是告訴人們 which one , 去掉之后句子意思不完整，非限定性定語(yǔ)從句是告訴人們更多的信息，去掉之后句子總體意思不受影響。 定語(yǔ)從句的講點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)都是關(guān)系詞。一、基礎(chǔ)題型：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：1. The man _lives next to us deals in vegetables.答案：who/that “住在我們隔壁的那個(gè)人是賣蔬菜的”。關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。解析：當(dāng)先行詞是人的時(shí)候，關(guān)系詞用who，whom（作賓語(yǔ)），that2. A plane is a machine _can fly.答案：that/which “飛機(jī)是能飛的機(jī)器”。關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。解析：當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that，which3. This is the actor _name is known to all.答案：whose “這是那個(gè)他名字我們都知道的演員”。4. The room _window faces to south is mine.答案：whose “窗戶朝南的那個(gè)房間是我的”解析：在3.4.題中，當(dāng)先行詞和關(guān)系詞后面的名詞有所屬關(guān)系時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用whose5. Do you remember the day _ we first met? 答案：when “你記得我們第一次見(jiàn)面的那天嗎？”。關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。解析： 當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞常用when（作狀語(yǔ)）6. The school _ we study is beautiful.答案：where “我們學(xué)習(xí)的那所學(xué)校漂亮”。關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。解析：當(dāng)先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞常用where（作狀語(yǔ)）7. The reason _he was late was that he missed the train. 答案：why “他遲到的原因是他錯(cuò)過(guò)了火車”。關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。 解析：當(dāng)先行詞是reason，cause時(shí)，關(guān)系詞常用why（作狀語(yǔ)）二、當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),只用that不用which的情況1.We should do everything _ is good for our health. 我們應(yīng)該做對(duì)我們身體有益的一切事。解析：先行詞是不定代詞all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few,none等時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that2. You can use any pen _ is available. 你可以使用能得到的任何一支筆。解析：先行詞被all, every, any , no, some, much, little, few, none等修飾時(shí)關(guān)系詞用that3. This is the only thing_we can do . 這是我們能做的唯一的事。 Its the very reason _I want to help you. 這正是我要幫你的原因。解析：先行詞被the only, the very,(正是）修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that，但是如果先行詞是人時(shí)被only修飾關(guān)系詞也可以用who.例如：I was the only person that/who was invited in my office.三、 當(dāng)先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)一般來(lái)說(shuō)，先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞where（作狀語(yǔ)）引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。但具體用哪一個(gè)關(guān)系詞，我們還是要看其在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分。1. This is the factory. We work here. This is the factory where we work. （作狀語(yǔ)） 這是我們上班的工廠。從上述的例句我們得出：當(dāng)先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中差主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞就用that/which,不差主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系詞就用where. 注意下面句子結(jié)構(gòu)的不同：1. This factory is the one that/which we want to visit . 這家工廠是我們想?yún)⒂^的那家工廠。解析：在此句中，the one是名詞的替代，因?yàn)閒actory在前面出現(xiàn)了，再用一次就重復(fù)，所以采用了替代，在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中visit是及物動(dòng)詞后面差賓語(yǔ)，所以用的關(guān)系代詞that/which.2. This is the factory that/which we want to visit . 這是我們想?yún)⒂^的那家工廠。解析：在此句中，后面的定語(yǔ)從句仍然是差賓語(yǔ)，所以用的關(guān)系代詞that/which.四、 當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間名詞時(shí)一般來(lái)說(shuō)，先行詞是時(shí)間名詞時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞when（作狀語(yǔ)）引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。但具體用哪一個(gè)關(guān)系詞，我們同樣也是要看其在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分。1. Do you remember the day when we met? （作狀語(yǔ)）你記得我們見(jiàn)面的那天嗎？解析：此題用關(guān)系副詞when,因?yàn)樵诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中主謂語(yǔ)是完整的，met(見(jiàn)面）在這里是不 及物動(dòng)詞。我們?cè)谀翘煲?jiàn)面。所以關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中是作狀語(yǔ)。2.I will never forget the days when we worked together. 我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們一起工作的那些日子。 解析：此題用關(guān)系副詞when是因?yàn)樵诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中主謂已構(gòu)成了一個(gè)完整句，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞。3. I will never forget the days (that/which) we spent together. 我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們一起度過(guò)的那些日子。 解析：在此句中用的關(guān)系代詞that/which，因?yàn)樵诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中差賓語(yǔ)。4. Do you still remember the day that/which we met on? （作介詞賓語(yǔ)）你仍然記得我們見(jiàn)面的那天嗎？解析：此題用關(guān)系代詞，因?yàn)樵诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中句尾有介詞on,介詞的后面差賓語(yǔ)，we met on the day ,所以就要用關(guān)系代詞that/which,并且還可以省去。 在上句中，我們把句尾的on可以提前，然后句子就改成了 Do you still remember the day on which we met ? = Do you still remember the day when we met ? 如果將上一個(gè)句中的day 換成1979/Monday/spring/March 3/8.oclock，我們就會(huì)有下面的帶定語(yǔ)從句的句子：1） Do you still remember the 1979 when/ in which we met ? 你仍然記得我們見(jiàn)面的那個(gè)1979年嗎？ 解析：因?yàn)樵凇澳攴荨钡那懊嬗媒樵~in，所以關(guān)系詞which前是in。2) Do you still remember the Monday when/ on which we met ? 你仍然記得我們見(jiàn)面的那個(gè)星期一嗎？ 解析：因?yàn)樵凇靶瞧凇泵~前面用介詞on.3) Do you still remember the spring when/ in which we met ?你仍然記得我們見(jiàn)面的那個(gè)春天嗎？ 解析：因?yàn)樵凇八募尽泵~前用介詞in.4) Do you still remember the March 3 when/ on which we met ?你仍然記得我們見(jiàn)面的那個(gè)三月三號(hào)嗎？ 解析：因?yàn)樵凇熬唧w日期”前用介詞on.5) Do you still remember the 8 oclock when/ at which we met?你仍然記得我們見(jiàn)面的那個(gè)八點(diǎn)嗎？ 解析：因?yàn)樵诰唧w鐘點(diǎn)前用介詞at.由上述的句子我們可以看出，當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間名詞,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞when，when都可以換成“介詞+which”同樣，當(dāng)先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞where，where可以換成“介詞+which”。eg. 1) This is the school where I am studying. This is the school in which I am studying. 這是我們讀書(shū)的學(xué)校。 解析:定語(yǔ)從句中差狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞where, school 和study之間的 試著完成下面的句子：（用介詞+關(guān)系詞）1. Do you know the boy_ your mother is shaking hands ? 答案：with whom 解析：為什么在關(guān)系詞的前面我們用的with呢？因?yàn)槭菑亩陶Z(yǔ)shake hands with（與。握手）得來(lái)的?！澳阏J(rèn)識(shí)你媽媽剛才和她握手的那個(gè)男孩嗎？”2. She is the girl _I often go to school. 答案： with whom解析：為什么我們?cè)陉P(guān)系詞前面還是用的介詞with呢？這時(shí)是根據(jù) go to school with sb(與某人一起上學(xué)”這個(gè)意思得來(lái)的?！八俏医?jīng)常和她一起上學(xué)的那個(gè)女孩”。3. There was no one_she could turn in the street yesterday evening.答案：to whom解析：這時(shí)關(guān)系詞前面的介詞是根據(jù)短語(yǔ)turn to(向某人求助）得來(lái)的。“昨天晚上在街道上沒(méi)有她可以求助的人”。4. I like the person _you referred just now.答案： to whom解析：此題中關(guān)系詞前面的介詞to是根據(jù)短語(yǔ)refer to (提到，談到）得來(lái)的。“我喜歡你剛才提到的那個(gè)人”。 翻譯下面的句子：她是我在照顧的那個(gè)女孩。 She is the girl who/whom/that I am looking after. 解析：在此句中的介詞after就不能提到關(guān)系詞的前面去，因?yàn)閘ook after 是固定詞組。 主要考點(diǎn)：由上面三種情況我們可以看出：介詞提到關(guān)系詞的前面，只能用which指物，whom指人，但如果是固定短語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞不能提前。五、先行詞是those（指人時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用who，指物時(shí)用that/which)六、在諺語(yǔ)he.引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系詞用who/that（習(xí)慣表達(dá)）1.He who plays with fire gets burnt. =He gets burnt who plays with fire . 玩火者自焚。2.He who laughs last laughs best.=He laughs best who laughs last. 誰(shuí)笑到最后誰(shuí)笑得最好。3.He who doesnt go to the Great Wall is not a true man. =He is not a true man who doesnt go to the Great Wall. 不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。4. He is truly happy who makes others happy. 真正幸福的是使人幸福的人。5.He that climbs high falls heavily. 爬得高，跌得重。6.He that commits a fault thinks everyone speaks of it. 做賊心虛。7.He that runs fastest gets the ring. 捷足先登。8.He that travels far knows much. 見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣。9.He who risks nothing gains nothing. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。七、當(dāng)先行詞是way（表方式）時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that、in which或不要 1）這是我學(xué)英語(yǔ)的方法。 This is the way that/in which/×I study English. 解析：在定語(yǔ)從句中，句子的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)都不差，所以關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中是作狀語(yǔ)。 2）我不喜歡他給我們講故事的方式。I dont like the way that/in which/×he tells us a story.解析：和上句一樣，定語(yǔ)從句中不差主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞同樣是作狀語(yǔ)。3）我不想試你剛才告訴我們的那個(gè)方法。 I would like to try the way that/which /×you told me just now. 解析：此題的定語(yǔ)從句中差賓語(yǔ)，所以這里用的關(guān)系代詞。歸納總結(jié):選關(guān)系詞先就要分析定語(yǔ)從句中缺少什么成分。1. The way _he explained the answer to the problem to us was not difficult to understand. 解析：答案是that/ in which/不填。“他給我們解釋那個(gè)問(wèn)題答案的方法不難理處就是選的不填。4. The room _we live is big. 我們住的那個(gè)房間大。 解析：答案用where或者in which，定語(yǔ)從句中缺狀語(yǔ)。5. The room _ we can see is big. 我們能看見(jiàn)的那個(gè)房間大。 解析：答案用which或者that，定語(yǔ)從句中缺賓語(yǔ)6. Is this the reason _he explained at the meeting for his absence ? 這是她在會(huì)上解釋的他缺席的理由嗎？ 解析：答案用that或者which，定語(yǔ)從句中缺賓語(yǔ)7. Do you know the reason _he did not come? 你知道他沒(méi)有來(lái)的理由嗎？ 解析：答案用why或者for which，定語(yǔ)從句中缺狀語(yǔ)解析：這里的關(guān)系詞whose前面的先行詞girl和它后面的名詞hair是所屬關(guān)系，即：那個(gè)女孩的頭發(fā)。 解析：這里的關(guān)系詞whose前面的先行詞room和它后面的名詞door是所屬關(guān)系，即：那個(gè)房間的門。3.他是我在他部門上班的那個(gè)人。 He is the man in whose department I work. 解析：這里的關(guān)系詞whose前面的先行詞man和它后面的名詞department是所屬關(guān)系，即： 那個(gè)人的部門。4. 我妹妹在他公司上班的那個(gè)人很胖。 The person in whose company my sister works is very fat. 解析：這里的關(guān)系詞whose前面的先行詞person和它后面的名詞company是所屬關(guān)系，即：那個(gè)人的公司。結(jié)論：whose作關(guān)系詞時(shí)，其后面一定還要跟一個(gè)名詞，前面的先行詞和其后面的名詞是邏輯上的所屬關(guān)系。whose+n.(先行詞是人時(shí))=the+n. of whom/of whom the +n. ; whose +n. (先行詞指物時(shí))= the +n. of which/of which the +n.九、非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 用逗號(hào)和前面的先行詞隔開(kāi)的定語(yǔ)從句叫非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句是給人們更 多的信息，去掉后主要意思不受影響。常把非限定性定語(yǔ)從句翻譯成一個(gè)并列句。重要考點(diǎn)：在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中只能用which指物，who/whom指人。1. 他有兩個(gè)兒子，他們都是大學(xué)生。 1）He has two sons. Both of them are college students. 2）He has two sons and both of them are college students.（并列句） 3)）He has two sons, both of whom are college students. 2. 他訪問(wèn)了許多國(guó)家，其中一些是發(fā)展中國(guó)家。 1）He has visited many countries. Some of them are developing ones.（兩個(gè)句子） 2）He has visited many countries and some of them are developing ones.（兩個(gè)句子） 3）He has visited many countries, some of which are developing ones.(定語(yǔ)從句） 解析：此題的原理和上面的是一樣的，只是前面的先行詞是countries(是物），所以才用了關(guān)系詞which.3. 她是我的朋友，她經(jīng)常幫我。 She is my friend, who often helps me.4. 足球全世界都踢，是非常有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng)。 Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.5. 有一棟房子，前面坐著一個(gè)男孩。 There was a house, in front of which sat a boy.6. 給了我三本關(guān)于烹飪的書(shū)，其中的第一本我的確喜歡。 I was given three books on cooking , the first of which I really enjoyed.7.他給了我一些小說(shuō)，我對(duì)他們不是很熟悉。 He gave me some novels , with which I am not very familiar.8. 這本書(shū)非常便宜，其封面是紅色的。 The book ,the cover of which is red , is very cheap.十、as作關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)限定性定語(yǔ)從句1. It is such a big stone as nobody can lift. 是那樣一塊沒(méi)人能舉得起的大石頭。 解析：在nobody can lift這個(gè)句子中差賓語(yǔ)，并且lift的賓語(yǔ)是stone, 所以后面就是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，這里的as就是關(guān)系詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)。2. It is such a big stone that nobody can lift it. 是那樣大的一塊石頭以至于沒(méi)人能舉得起。 解析：在nobody can lift it這個(gè)句子中，主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)都不差，所以that就是連詞了。3. The teacher gave us such a difficult exercise as nobody worked out. 老師給了我們一道那樣難的沒(méi)有人算出來(lái)的難題。解析：在nobody worked out這個(gè)句子中差賓語(yǔ)，且work out的賓語(yǔ)是exercise,所以后面也是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，as是關(guān)系詞作賓語(yǔ)。4.The teacher gave us such a difficult exercise that nobody worked it out.老師給了我們那樣難的一道題以至于沒(méi)有人算出來(lái)。解析：在nobody worked it out這個(gè)句子中不差主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，所以前面的that就是連詞。4. He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 答案：C解析：句中出現(xiàn)了such,句子結(jié)構(gòu)可能是such.as.也可能是such.that.,但從后面的句子看是以介詞with結(jié)尾，介詞后面一定是要帶賓語(yǔ)的，這樣后面的句子就不是完整句，所以前面就不可能用連詞that,因連詞的前后一定是完整的句子，這樣首先把B排了，這時(shí)我們就斷定后面是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句了，定語(yǔ)從句就要用關(guān)系詞，如果選A和D的話，him是重復(fù)的，所以答案就只能是C了，關(guān)系詞as在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)。5. Mrs. Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as答案：B解析： she witnessed the robbery是主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)都不差，所以不可能是定語(yǔ)從句，這樣就把A,C,D都排了，答案只剩下B.where 在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)?？偨Y(jié)： as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用于suchas , the same as, (not)soas, asas結(jié)構(gòu)。as在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。注意：the sameas與the samethat的區(qū)別the sameas指與相同，the samethat指的是同一件東西。 1. I have found the same book as you lost yesterday. 我已找到了你昨天掉的相同的書(shū)。2.Luckily, I have found the same book that you lost yesterday. 幸運(yùn)的是我已找到了你昨天掉的書(shū)。十一、as 與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 which指代前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容。5）You are from Wuhan, as/which is clear from your accent. 你是武漢人，這從你口音就清楚。 as/which指代前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容。3.當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí)只能用which1. He failed again, for which reason he was in low spirits.他又失敗了，因這個(gè)原因他情緒低落。解析：which指代前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，在句中作定語(yǔ)。2. He always sleeps in class, in which case the teacher often lets him alone. 他在課堂上總是睡覺(jué)，在這種情況下老師常不管他。解析：which仍然是指代前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。4. as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句常見(jiàn)的句型：(主要考點(diǎn)） 1） 從所周知a. As is well known , b. As is known to all , c. As we all know , d. As everyone knows , 還要注意另外名詞性從句的兩種形式： a. It is well-known that . b.What is well-known is that . 例如：眾所周知，地球是圓的。 As is known to all , the earth is round. Its known to all that the earth is round. What is known to all is that the earth is round.2）(的) 情況通常是這樣的，As is (often) the case (with), a. As is often the case with him, he goes to home every Saturday. 他的情況常是這樣的，他每個(gè)星期六都回家。b. As is the case, we seldom tell him to study hard. 情況是這樣的， 我們很少叫他努力學(xué)習(xí)。3）正如某人所說(shuō)：As sb. puts it/says it, a. As he says/puts it, she is a mean girl. 正如他所說(shuō)，她是一個(gè)吝嗇的女孩。b. As you said/put it yesterday, he did buy a computer last week. 正如你昨天所說(shuō)，他上個(gè)星期的確是買了一臺(tái)電腦。4）常言道: As the saying goes,a. As the saying goes, each coin has two sides. 常言道，事物都有兩面性。b. As the saying goes ，failure is the mother of success. 常言道，失敗是成功之母。十二、定語(yǔ)從句的難點(diǎn)： 難點(diǎn)一：.as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句和主語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別在于：看前面是否有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。 例如：眾所周知，長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最大的河流。 1.As is well known, the Changjiang River is the longest river in China.（定語(yǔ)從句） 2.Its well known that the Changjiang River is the longest river in China.（名詞性從句）3. What is well known is that the Changjiang River is the longest river in China.（名詞性從句） 解析：where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。即：如果定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾point, situation, stage, condition，position，occasion和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where 引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中” 。6. Do you have anything to say for yourself? Yes, there is one point _we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. /解析：此題答案選D，因?yàn)閕nsist on后面差賓語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞where之前一般不能加介詞，但是from where 是個(gè)例外，這時(shí)where指代地點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)而不是指代某個(gè)先行詞。1. We went up to the roof of the building, from where we had a good view of the city. 我們爬到建筑物的頂部，從那里我們將城市的景色盡收眼底。 2.We went up to the roof of the building, where we played three hours. 我們爬到建筑物的頂部,在那里我們玩了三個(gè)小時(shí)。3. They stood near the window, from where they could see the whole garden. 他們站在窗戶邊，從那里他們可以看到整個(gè)花園。更多的特例：1. He graduated from that school in 1983, since when he has worked in this school. 他1983年從那所學(xué)校畢業(yè)，自那時(shí)以來(lái)他就在這所學(xué)校上班。 since when 可以看做是since + when 的定語(yǔ)從句。 翻譯為“在那以后”，至于這里的when是關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞，國(guó)內(nèi)的專家意見(jiàn)不統(tǒng)一，。難點(diǎn)三. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)綜合考查 近些年來(lái)，高考對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句和其它從句如：強(qiáng)調(diào)句、名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句等的綜合考查越來(lái)越多，這就要求考生有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和較強(qiáng)的綜合分析能力。考查一：定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句1. This is the library where I borrowed the book. 這是我借書(shū)的那家圖書(shū)館。 解析：借書(shū)和圖書(shū)館是狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系，從圖書(shū)館借書(shū)，所以是定語(yǔ)從句。 2. It was from this library that I borrowed the book. 我是從那家圖書(shū)館借的書(shū)。 解析：去掉it was that 后是完整句，所以是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smith? -It was in the hotel_ I lived.A. that B. which C. where D. When 解析：答案是C.在這里容易誤選A. 選A是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，選C是定語(yǔ)從句。選哪一個(gè)要看對(duì)話的意思。你最后在哪里看見(jiàn)史密斯先生的？肯定要回答在什么地方看見(jiàn)的，所以應(yīng)該回答為：是在我住的那家賓館，這樣答案就是C,如果選A的話，句子就翻譯成：我是住在那家賓館的，這樣與上文不符。4. I know the classroom where he often studies . 我知道他常學(xué)習(xí)的那間教室。 解析：他是在教室學(xué)習(xí)，所以是定語(yǔ)從句。5. I know it is in the classroom that he often studies . 我知道他常在教室學(xué)習(xí)。 解析：此題是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型?？疾槎憾ㄕZ(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句 如果定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞在從句中要充當(dāng)成分，如果是同位語(yǔ)從句，后面的句子是前面那個(gè)名詞的內(nèi)容。.考查三：定語(yǔ)從句與表語(yǔ)從句1. This is where you were wrong last week . 表語(yǔ)從句 這是你上個(gè)星期錯(cuò)的地方。2. This is the place where you were wrong last week . 定語(yǔ)從句 這是你上個(gè)星期錯(cuò)的地方。3. This is when he often does sports . 表語(yǔ)從句 這是我們常運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候。4. This is the time when he often does sports . 定語(yǔ)從句 這是我們常運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候。對(duì)比訓(xùn)練1. It was October_we met there for the first time. 2. It was in October_we met there for the first time. A. that B. which C. when D. while解析：在1中答案是C.“我們第一次見(jiàn)面的時(shí)候是十月”。在2中答案是A,因?yàn)槿サ鬷t was that是完整句，“我們第一次是在十月見(jiàn)面的”。3. He is such a good teacher_ we all like him. 4. He is such a good teacher _we all like.A. whom B. that C. as D. which答案：3. B 4. C6. It was 3 when I came back last night .（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句） 我昨晚回來(lái)的時(shí)候是三點(diǎn)。7. It was at 3 that I came back last night .（強(qiáng)調(diào)句型） 我昨晚是在三點(diǎn)的時(shí)候回來(lái)的。8.It was from her that we got the news . （強(qiáng)調(diào)句型） 我是從她那里得到這個(gè)消息的。9. I want to know the reason why you didnt go just now .（定語(yǔ)從句） 我想知道你剛才沒(méi)有去的原因。Why在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。10. I want to know the reason that/which you explained just now .（定語(yǔ)從句） 我想知道你剛才解釋的原因。定語(yǔ)從句中差賓語(yǔ)。11. It was in the library where he studied that I found him. 我是在他學(xué)習(xí)的圖書(shū)館找到他的。 解析：在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中又帶有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。高考題再現(xiàn)：1. （2013湖北高考77）Through the course of my schooling ,I met many teachers ,two_me greatly.(influence) 上學(xué)時(shí)我遇到過(guò)很多老師，其中兩位對(duì)我影響很大。答案：of whom influences/of whom have influenced/of them having influenced它更多的一些事。3. （2012高考天津卷）I wish to thank Professor Smith ，without_help I would never have got this far. A. who B. whose C. whom D.which 答案：B解析：句意：我希望感謝史密斯教授，沒(méi)有他的幫助，我就不會(huì)取得這樣的成績(jī)?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句，Smith和help是所屬關(guān)系，所以要用whose.4. (2012高考浙江卷）We live in an age _more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. when C. to whom D.on which 答案：B解析：句意：我生活在一個(gè)比以前任何時(shí)候都能更輕松掌握更多信息的時(shí)代。age是指時(shí)間，所以選when,為什么不能選D 呢？因?yàn)樵谀硞€(gè)時(shí)代是at the age of 5. (2012高考安徽卷）A lot of language learning ,_has been discovered , is happening in the first year of life ,so parents should talk much to their children during that period. A. as B. it C. which D.this答案：A解析：句意：正如所被發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，許多語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)生在幼年時(shí)期，因此那時(shí)父母應(yīng)該多與孩子交流。As引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。6. （2012高考北京卷）When deeply absorbed in work,_he often was ,he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. When答案：B解析：句意：他過(guò)去經(jīng)常這樣，當(dāng)專心于工作時(shí)常會(huì)達(dá)到廢寢忘食的地步“_he often was”補(bǔ)充完整就是he often was deeply absorbed in work ,所以用which 指代逗號(hào)前面提到的句子內(nèi)容。7. （2012高考陜西卷）It is the third time that she has won the race ,_has surprised us all.A. that B. where C. which D. what 答案：C解析：句意：這是她第三次在賽跑中獲獎(jiǎng)，這使我們都很驚奇。 考查定語(yǔ)從句，which指代前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容。8. （2012高考重慶卷）Sales director is a position _communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A. which B. that C. when D. where 答案：D而of可表范圍，所以只能選C.