命題點(diǎn)一,動(dòng)詞不定式,offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/beg, help,主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫,decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refuse, manage, care, pretend,to have been doing,發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前并且持續(xù)到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)仍在進(jìn)行,完成進(jìn)行式,to have been done,to have done,在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生,完成式,to be doing,在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)正在進(jìn)行,進(jìn)行式,to be done,to do,與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生,一般式,命題點(diǎn)二,動(dòng) 名 詞,forbid, imagine, risk; cant help (禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape,禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡,avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate,避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞,consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy,having been done,having done,先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作完成,完成式,being done,doing,與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或稍后發(fā)生,一般式,命題點(diǎn)三,分 詞,相當(dāng)于though, although, even if等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。,作讓步狀語(yǔ),表示一個(gè)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的次要的(或者伴隨的)動(dòng)作，常用逗號(hào)與句子主體部分隔開(kāi)。,作方式或伴 隨狀語(yǔ),常用現(xiàn)在分詞表示自然而然的結(jié)果。,作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于if, unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。,作條件狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于because, since, as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。,作原因狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于when, while, before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。,作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),having been done,having done,先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作完成,完成式,being done,doing,與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或稍后發(fā)生,一般式,