Reading,Step One夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，步步提升,第4講潤(rùn)色添彩的定語從句,定語從句的正確使用體現(xiàn)學(xué)生對(duì)于語言具有較高的掌握能力，在寫作中使用一到兩個(gè)定語從句可以提升文章的檔次。 一、寫作中定語從句的常見類型 1.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系代詞who，whom，whose，that，which，as引導(dǎo)的定語從句是寫作的一大重點(diǎn)，尤其是which和as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句在高考范文中更是常見。 (1)I have already been a volunteer for the 13th National Games which will be held at the end of August in Tianjin. 我已經(jīng)是八月底將在天津舉行的第十三屆全運(yùn)會(huì)的志愿者了。(2017天津),(2)There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，which will make the class go smoothly. 毫無疑問你應(yīng)該提前了解唐朝的歷史，這會(huì)使得課程進(jìn)展順利。(2017全國(guó)) (3)Any student who is interested is wele to participate.歡迎任何感興趣的同學(xué)參加。(2016全國(guó)) 2.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句是指when，where，why引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 (1)I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study. 我認(rèn)為你總是發(fā)脾氣的原因可能是學(xué)習(xí)上的巨大壓力。,(2)To help them better understand our tea-drinking culture，we took them to the tea room in our school，where I introduced the history of tea-making and different kinds of tea. 為了更好地讓他們了解我們的飲茶文化，我們帶領(lǐng)他們?nèi)チ藢W(xué)校的茶室，在那里我向他們介紹了制茶的歷史及茶的種類。(2018北京) 3.“介詞which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句 (1)Its said that a large number of paper-cut works by experts throughout China will be on show，some of which are made by famous artists. 據(jù)說出自全國(guó)各地的專家之手的大量剪紙作品會(huì)被展出，其中一些是著名藝術(shù)家的作品。(2017全國(guó)),(2)Material collecting took us a whole week，during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life. 收集材料花費(fèi)了我們一周的時(shí)間，在那期間我們采訪了老師，對(duì)學(xué)校生活的每個(gè)方面拍了照片。(2017北京),即時(shí)訓(xùn)練1 1.我們的英語老師是一位中年女士，她的兒子在美國(guó)讀書。 Our English teacher is a middle-aged woman . 2.上周我和父母去參觀了父親以前工作過的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。 Last week my parents and I paid a visit to the farm . 3.再過一個(gè)月就是7月底了，屆時(shí)世界青少年機(jī)器人技能大賽(the World Adolescent Robotics Competition)計(jì)劃在我的城市，天津舉辦。(2018天津) There will be a month before the end of July，_ .,查看答案,whosesonisstudyingintheUSA,wheremyfatheronceworked,whentheWorldAdolescentRobotics,Competitionisscheduledtobeheldinmycity，Tianjin,二、定語從句的常見句型 1.As we all know./As is known to us all.眾所周知 As we all know，our earth has been polluted heavily so far. 眾所周知，目前我們的地球已經(jīng)被嚴(yán)重污染了。 2.As the old saying goes.常言道 As the old saying goes，“When in Rome，do as the Romans do.”常言道，“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗?！?3.such.as.像這樣的；諸如此類的 He is such a kind teacher as we all like. 他是那么和藹的老師，所以我們都喜歡他。,4.the same.as./the same as.像一樣的 Her manner towards him was quite the same as it had always been. 她對(duì)他的方式與以前完全一樣。 5.one of the復(fù)數(shù)名詞定語從句 中的一個(gè) Her sister is one of the students who are admitted into the famous university. 她妹妹是考入這所著名大學(xué)的學(xué)生之一。 6.the only one of the復(fù)數(shù)名詞定語從句 中唯一的一個(gè) She is the only one of the staff who is qualified for the job. 她是唯一一個(gè)能勝任這項(xiàng)工作的員工。,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練2 1.眾所周知，在我們學(xué)校作弊是要受到懲罰的。 ，if we cheat in our school，we will be punished. 2.她是那么幽默的一個(gè)女孩，我們都喜歡和她在一起。 She is we all like staying with. 3.李萍是我們班刻苦學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生之一。 Li Ping is one of the students .,查看答案,Asweallknow/Asisknowntousall,suchahumorousgirlas,whoareworkinghardinourclass,三、定語從句的寫法 定語從句在寫作時(shí)可采用“三步法”。 第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 (1)The scientist will pay a visit to our school next week. (2)The scientist is very intelligent and modest. 第二步：在一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中找出一個(gè)要被修飾的詞匯，這個(gè)詞匯在兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中都要有。根據(jù)句意在第一個(gè)句子中找出要被修飾的詞匯：the scientist。 第三步：用第二個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句充當(dāng)定語從句，要注意關(guān)系詞的選擇。把第一個(gè)句子改為含有定語從句的復(fù)合句，the scientist作為先行詞，指人，在從句中作主語，所以關(guān)系詞可以是that或who。 The scientist who/that is very intelligent and modest will pay a visit to our school next week.,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練3用定語從句連接下列每組簡(jiǎn)單句 1.I am here visiting my uncle.He happens to be working in your city. _ 2.I often help my deskmate.It has been appreciated by our teachers. _ 3.Ive always looked forward to the day.I will be able to be independent then. _ _,查看答案,Iamherevisitingmyuncle，whohappenstobeworkinginyourcity.,Ioftenhelpmydeskmate，whichhasbeenappreciatedbyourteachers.,Ivealwayslookedforwardtothedaywhen/onwhichIwillbeabletobe independent.,四、在寫作中使用定語從句時(shí)的常見錯(cuò)誤 1.關(guān)系詞誤用,(誤)I won the first prize，that made my parents very happy. (正)I won the first prize，which made my parents very happy. (誤)She was born in a village，where was located at the foot of a hill. (正)She was born in a village，which was located at the foot of a hill. (誤)I have a good friend，whos handwriting is nice. (正)I have a good friend，whose handwriting is nice.,2.句子成分殘缺,(誤)Look！ There are a lot of old women are dancing there. (正)Look！ There are a lot of old women who are dancing there. (誤)Those who in favor of my suggestion，please raise your hands. (正)Those who are in favor of my suggestion，please raise your hands.,3.有多余的代詞或副詞,(誤)The picture he drew it last Sunday was really beautiful. (正)The picture he drew last Sunday was really beautiful. (誤)I returned to the village where I grew up there in my childhood last summer. (正)I returned to the village where I grew up in my childhood last summer.,4.混淆定語從句與并列句,(誤)Smoking is a bad habit，it does great harm to peoples health. (正)Smoking is a bad habit，and it does great harm to peoples health. (正)Smoking is a bad habit，which does great harm to peoples health. (誤)The boy has many friends，and some of whom are foreigners. (正)The boy has many friends，and some of them are foreigners. (正)The boy has many friends，some of whom are foreigners.,.用定語從句完成句子 1.上周，我們帶著本校的外國(guó)學(xué)生去體驗(yàn)了正宗的茶文化，結(jié)果證明這是很有意義的。(2018北京) Last week，we took the foreign students in our school to experience the Chinese tea culture， . 2.這部電影主要與學(xué)校的發(fā)展有關(guān)，這將有助于我們學(xué)生更好地了解學(xué)校的歷史。(2018全國(guó)) The film is mainly related to the development of our school，_ .,查看答案,whichturnedouttobeextremelyrewarding,綜合演練,ZONGHEYANLIAN,whichwillgreatly,helpusstudentsknowtheschoolshistorybetter,3.我們學(xué)校最近剛建成了一座體育館，它就在圖書館的后面。(2018全國(guó)) Our school has built a new stadium recently，_. 4.我買了很多書，這些書花了我所有的積蓄。 I bought a great many books， . 5.我們班由40位同學(xué)組成，所有人都待人友好，學(xué)習(xí)刻苦。 Our class is made up of 40 students， . 6.那座建于100年前的石橋?qū)⒈徊鸪?The stone bridge is to be pulled down.,查看答案,whichislocatedbehindthelibrary,onwhichIspentallmymoneythatIsaved,which/thatwasbuiltonehundredyearsago,allofwhomarefriendlyandhard-working,7.警察搜查了嫌疑人曾經(jīng)住過的房子。 The police searched the whole house . 8.他還沒去過你在信里提到過的那個(gè)城市。 He hasnt been to the city .,查看答案,where/inwhichthesuspectoncelived,(which/that)youmentionedinyourletter,.根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫一篇短文，介紹你的同學(xué)Mary，盡可能多地使用定語從句 1.我有一個(gè)同學(xué)叫Mary，她的爸爸是我以前的語文老師。 2.Mary樂于助人，對(duì)自己非常嚴(yán)格，但是很容易相處，我們都非常喜歡她。 3.Mary學(xué)習(xí)非常努力，去年被一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取了，這使得她父母很高興。 4.寒假就要到了，到時(shí)Mary會(huì)和她的好朋友一起去北京。 5.眾所周知，北京有很多名勝，她們?cè)谀抢飼?huì)學(xué)到很多東西而且會(huì)玩得開心。,參考范文,I have a classmate called Mary，whose father is my former Chinese teacher.Mary is a girl who is helpful and strict with herself but easy to get along with，so we all like her.Mary worked so hard that she was admitted into a key university last year，which made her parents very happy.The winter vacation is ing when Mary will go to Beijing together with her best friend.As we all know，there are a lot of places of interest in Beijing，where they will learn a lot and have a good time.,