中考英語試題分析及復習策略,初2011級2班,中考考什么？,中考命題要以全面、準確地考查學生的綜合語言運用能力為宗旨，著重考查學生在具體的情境中運用所學英語知識與技能的能力，特別是用英語做事情、完成任務的能力。,交際語言能力構成的主要因素Bachman earlierB. faster than; earlierC. faster than; the earliest 14. Julie enjoys listening music very much. She often says to me that _ is more interesting than music. A. nothing B. something C. everything 15. In autumn when leaves _ yellow, they soon begin to fall down to the ground. A. keepB. turnC. stay,16. There are only _ new words in the passage, but I know _ of them. A. some; allB. a few; noneC. lots of; a few 17. The lady donated a lot of money _ she is not rich. A. ifB. becauseC. though 18. When the school building began to shake, the teachers ran downstairs _ all the students. The teachers are real heroes. A. afterB. withC. before,與教育部推薦的優(yōu)秀試題比較,例1 - You dont look very well. Youd better see a doctor. - I _, but he said theres nothing wrong. A. will B. would C. have (正確答案為C),例2 - _ you _ to the radio? No, you can turn it off. A. Did, listen B. Have, listened C. Do, listen D. Are, listening (安徽試題）,例3 _ did the teacher talk to you this morning? Because I was late for school? A. How B. What C. Where D. Why,- May I have an apple, Mum? - Certainly. But you _ wash your hands first. A. may B. must C. can D. need,完形填空,完形填空是考查學生的綜合語言運用能力。各實驗區(qū)都采用了提供選擇項的題型。命制完形填空的試題時特別強調(diào)根據(jù)上下文的聯(lián)系和相互的邏輯關系來設計選項，而不是主要根據(jù)語法來判斷選項。,China will be the host 36 the 2008 O1ympics, so many Chinese people want 37 their English in different ways. For example, twenty-four young singers from across China entered a contest by 38 popular English songs. Nearly all the singers sang very 39 and looked comfortable on stage. Some of these singers 40 able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers. 36. A. to B. for C. with 37. A. improveB. improvingC. to improve 38. Singing B. singC. sings 39. A clear B. clearlyC. clearlier 40. A. was B. are C. were,1）整個大題共10個小題，幾乎每個小題的答案都與上下文無關。設計者忽視了完形填空題型主要用來考查學生在閱讀過程中綜合運用語言知識的能力的特點，沒有利用所給材料中的信息和線索，進行設空，把完形填空用于傳統(tǒng)的語法和詞匯考查； 2）本題在首句中挖空，與命制完形填空題的原則不符；,09年成都 A Mr. Black and Mr. White were famous artists in a city. They painted many beautiful pictures and their pictures were 46 in the city. But they tried to see who could paint 47 . One day they asked an old man to 48 who was the number one artist by their pictures. Mr. Black painted 49 . Soon the birds came and tried to eat the apples. Then they went to Mr. Whites house. There was 50 but a red beautiful curtain on the wall. The old man tried to lift the curtain, but he found it was picture by Mr. White. 46. A. poorB. popularC. boring 47. A. wellB. betterC. best 48. A. describeB. drawC. decide 49. A. an apple treeB. a pear treeC. a banana tree 50. A. nothingB. anythingC. something,從單項填空和完形填空過去主要用于考查語言知識的題型的變化，可以看出近年來，我市中考試題知識立意到能力立意的漸變。單純考查語言知識的試題比重的逐漸減少和能力考查層次的提高，對英語教學和復習都提出了更高的要求。這就要求復習時，既要重視語言知識的正確性，更要重視語言內(nèi)容的邏輯性。 而在閱讀理解、漢譯英等其他題型中，又逐漸增加了主觀性的考查試題。,閱讀理解,課程標準對初中畢業(yè)生英語閱讀技能的主要要求是：（1）能根據(jù)上下文和構詞法推斷、理解生詞的含義；（2）能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關系；（3）能找出文章中的主題，理解故事的情節(jié)，預測故事的發(fā)展和可能的結(jié)局；（4）能讀懂常見體裁的閱讀材料；（5）能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運用簡單的閱讀策略獲取信息。,近年新題型,在所讀文章挖空，填入句子。 該題型為教育部考查閱讀理解的推薦題型，主要考查： （2）能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關系；學生需要了解作者是怎樣組織其觀點和材料；文章的結(jié)構，句子與句子之間的關系。,“Learning a language is easy. Even a child can do it!” Most adults who are learning a second would agree with this. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. 1 But learning a language is easier for children. Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: “Read as much as you can in the new language.” “Practice speaking the language every day.” “Live with the persons who speak the language.” But what does a successful language learner do? 2 Successful language learning is active learning. The successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language. 3 They will try any way to communicate. 4 They are energetic in language learning because they know clearly why they learn a language. Successful language learners work hard in language practice. 5 Are you successful in language learning? If it is less successful, you should do well to try the above ways.,A. Successful language learners are learners with purpose. B. They need much time to study and practice, and even sometimes they dont get good results. C. They try every chance to listen more, speak more, read more and write more. D. They find people who speak the language and ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. E. Language learning research show that successful language learners are similar in some ways.,“Learning a language is easy. Even a child can do it!” Most adults who are learning a second language would not agree with this. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need much time to study and practice, and even sometimes they dont get good results. But learning a language is easier for children.,Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: “Read as much as you can in the new language.” “Practice speaking the language every day.” “Live with the persons who speak the language.” But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research show that successful language learners are similar in some ways.,Successful language learning is active learning. The successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language. They find people who speak the language and ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try any way to communicate.,Successful language learners are learners with purpose. They are energetic in language learning because they know clearly why they learn a language. Successful language learners work hard in language practice. They try every chance to listen more, speak more, read more and write more.,1. 其中，空1、空3和空5所缺句子對上句進行補充說明； 2. 空2前的問題為主題句，所缺句則回答上文所提問題，并說明下文將說明Successful language learners的幾種學習方式。 3. 空4所缺句中with purpose 和下文中 know why 相互照應。,閱讀短文，補全信息。 Cars are very important in the life of the Americans. Without a car most American people would feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor, he doesnt really feel poor when he has a car. Henry Ford was the man who started making cars in large numbers. He probably didnt know how much cars would affect the American culture. Cars have made the United States a nation on wheels. And it has helped to make the United States what is today.,Why are cars so important in the American society? The USA is a large country and the Americans like to move around in it. Making a trip in a car is comfortable and cheap. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money. In the United States, the government has never really developed a public transportation which is both fast and cheap. Long distance trains have never been as common as they are some other parts of the world. Nowadays, it is very convenient for the Americans to make a trip by plane. But it is expensive. In the United States, people dont like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They dont like to have to follow an exact timetable. A car gives them the freedom to plan their own time. And this is the freedom that the Americans want most to have.,However, the Americans are also facing a big problem: it is hard to get enough gas for cars. But the answer will not be a big system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car which doesnt use so much gas.,Para.1 The 6. importance of cars in the life of the Americans. Para2. The author gives us 7. three reasons why cars are important in the United States. 1) Making a trip by car is comfortable and cheap. 2) The American government cannot provide 8. a public transportation which is both fast and cheap. 3) The Americans 9.dont like follow an exact timetable in their life. Para. 3 Problems for the Americans: There isnt enough gas for cars. The authors suggestions: 10 to develop a new kind of cars which uses less gas,本題重點考查學生對段落主旨大意的理解能力和對語言的概括能力。 1. Cars are important The importance of cars 2. Why cars are so important？ reasons why 3. dont like to follow more general than wait for,思維訓練,選擇11機構緊湊的短文； 2. 在學生理解短文大意后，引導學生分析短文的結(jié)構； 閱讀測試對學生思維能力要求的提高說明當前的考試對語言學習的新理念：即語言學習和思維訓練，形式和內(nèi)容之間的關系問題。,2010年成都市中考新題型,用所給的短語和單詞翻譯句子。 優(yōu)勢： 主觀性更強，試題的效度更大； 可以避免學生機械記憶教材所有短語的現(xiàn)象； 有利于考查學生的真實語言能力。,但由于學生試題的答案可以多種，這給閱卷時對試題評定帶來一定的困難，造成試題信度較低的問題。 同時該類試題對句子基本結(jié)構的掌握有了更高的要求。故在復習時更需要加強遣詞造句能力的培養(yǎng)。,5地震給我們造成了極大困難，但我們有信心克服這些困難。 The earthquake has caused great difficulties to us, but we are confident to get over them.,2010年中考英語復習策略,三輪復習法： 第一輪: 基礎復習 第二輪: 專項復習 第三輪: 模擬訓練,第一輪:基礎知識復習 復習方式：按教材順序，復習；采用課內(nèi)課外結(jié)合，講解和提問結(jié)合，輔以聽、說、讀、寫活動。 復習目標：使所學知識系統(tǒng)化，模糊知識清晰化，為解決專項問題打基礎。 復習措施：熟記或背誦重點對話和短文，聽寫單詞、短語，挑選重點話題進行寫作練習，每周進行一、兩次聽力練習、檢測。,在基礎知識復習時，可根據(jù)教材，從七年級到九年級系統(tǒng)復習所學知識點。 1. 合理分配時間； 2. 采用大單元復習模式； 3. 重點復習單詞、短語和句型，并通過句型的復習，復習語法。,短語和句型的復習可采用下面步驟： 1. 制定單詞短語表，由學生自己復習、記憶、理解； 2. 課堂上，教師主要檢查學生掌握的情況，并引導學生通過活用，加深對單詞和短語的掌握。 3. 復習時可采用的活動：,互動：教師與學生或?qū)W生與學生之間 例：wear, have on, put on A: Wang！ Youre wearing a warm jacket. How long have you been wearing it? B: . A: Good! Wang has been wearing it for two days. It is cold these days, so she has it on for two days. Then when did you put it on this morning? Before you went out or soon after you got up? . 學生總結(jié)三個短語的異同。,2. 造句： 通過造句可讓學生用單詞和短語表達自己的思想，從而不僅加深理解，而且還可以提高其思維能力。 練習時鼓勵學生： 1）使用剛復習的句型，把詞匯復習與句型復 習結(jié)合起來； 2）結(jié)合當前發(fā)生的時事和經(jīng)歷。,例：improve v.t. & vi 1. The working condition needs improving. 2. Our lives have been improved. 3. He improves his English by working in group. 4. The workers saved are improving. They have begun to move about. 5. The ways to save the workers in danger have improved a lot.,第二輪：專項復習（語法和題型專項訓練）,根據(jù)用教材教，而不是教教材的原則，對教材中出現(xiàn)的語法現(xiàn)象進行歸納總結(jié)，可以增加和刪減。,復習內(nèi)容：語法、話題、功能、詞匯辨析、重點句型、中考題型及語篇結(jié)構分析。 復習方式：講練結(jié)合，以學生為中心，教師答疑解惑，精講精練。 復習目標：系統(tǒng)梳理初中階段所學的語言知識，使之系統(tǒng)化，變知識為解決實際問題的能力。 復習措施：研究并熟悉考綱/新課標及中考英語試卷題型，仔細地歸納小結(jié)，總體掌握所學知識。,1、代詞 （人稱、物主、不定） 2、名詞 (復數(shù)、所有格) 3、形容詞（比較級、最高級，辨析） 4、副詞（比較級、最高級） 5、連詞 （并列連詞and, or, but, so, for, bothand, eitheror, neithernor, not only but also、 從屬連詞that, when, while, till, until, since, because, if, thoughalthough, sothat）,語法復習要點,語法復習要點,6、介詞、介詞短語 7、冠詞 8、感嘆句 9、反意疑問句 10、動詞不定式 11、動詞的各種時態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在，一般過去，一般將來，現(xiàn)在進行，過去進行，現(xiàn)在完成。,12、賓語從句 13、狀語從句（時間、條件） 14、被動語態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在，過去，將來， 含有情態(tài)動詞） 15、動詞短語、動詞理解 16、主謂一致 17、 情態(tài)動詞 18、定語從句 19、 it 的用法 20、動詞簡單句的幾種基本句型,常考的語法點,中考語法復習,防止簡單的重復，避免面面俱到，避免講得過細； 遵循精講多練的原則 強化訓練中考題型、考點,_ eraser on the desk is Li Mings. A. The B. A C. An,理清語法規(guī)則，也就是遣詞造句的綱目。梳理一個很清晰的語法知識框架。提綱挈領地列出基本內(nèi)容、重點和關鍵，進行梳理、歸納、總結(jié)出規(guī)律。,梳理,過去進行時： 句子結(jié)構及關鍵詞: 肯定句 ： 主語was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞其他 否定句： 主語was/were not 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞其他 疑問句 ： Was/Were + 主語 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞其他 關鍵詞：具體時間過去的時間狀語 如：at ten oclock yesterday morning, at this time last Sunday等。,動詞時態(tài),He does his homework every day.（yesterday， tomorrow， now， at this time yesterday， for two hours， by two yesterday afternoon） 確定時態(tài)的變化，先機械，后靈活，還可以加上不同的人稱和其它的動詞詞組進行操練。關鍵要學會學習，學會歸納。,以下詞，常與do連用： can , could, may, must, need, had better, why not, make, have to, lets, see, hear, watch, notice, Will ( Would ) you please?,中考語法點歸納,以下詞，常與to do連用 would like, want, begin, start, hope, decide, ask, wish, have something to do, tell, take time, its time, remember, forget, learn, teach, try, stop, plan, adj./疑問詞后，take ,allow, encourage, warn, Its +形容詞to do something, discuss, know, refuse, invite , get order, like, offer, lend, make up ones mind to do, set ones mind to do, enough, need,下面各詞，常與doing連用。 finish, like, enjoy, mind, keep, be busy, do some, go doing, prevent, be worth, spend, practice, feel like, thank somebody for doing something ,stop, cant help, preferto,look forward to，hate, mention, have fun doing 介詞：at, in , on, of , from, for, about, with, without, make a contribution to, be used to, hear, see, watch, notice, listen,名詞的數(shù)和所有格,名詞復數(shù)形式： boy, potato, zoo, photo, woman, tooth, knife, toy, country, baby, radio, tomato, wife, child，foot, leaf, brush, watch, half, mouse, Chinese, German, fish, box, glass, bus, factory, deer, sheep 名詞所有格 a ten-minute walk/ten minutes walk；a eight-year-old girl；three glasses of orange juice；a friend of your sons,2、歸納、對比、穿插、聯(lián)想的方法,復習where is the library? Its near the post office.聯(lián)系到close to的用法和near nearbynearly 的區(qū)別及nearlyalmosthardly的用法。 復習which is the way to聯(lián)系到the key to， the ticket to， the answer to復習How can I get to.聯(lián)系到get 與 reach. arrive 的區(qū)別。 復習Its across from聯(lián)想到across與through及與cross的區(qū)別。,3、專項練習（名詞的數(shù)和所有格）,1.People in America eat much_. A. coffee B. beef C. iced water 2.Why not go to the Great Wall this Saturday? Im afraid its not a good_. Many of us have been there. A. place B. plan C. idea 3.To keep healthy, we should eat more vegetables and less_. A. meat B. food C. wine,4.Can you imagine what life will be like in _ time? (2008 河北) A.20 years B.20 years C.2-years 5.What kind of _ do you like ? I like documentaries. A. books B. sports C. movies 6.Look! There is a food shop. Yes, we can buy some _ in it. (2008 湖州) A. bread B. baseballs C. clothes,方法三，編寫速記口訣，巧記英語知識。,速記口訣,被動語態(tài) 變被動，莫著急， Verb to be 加 pp； pp 永遠不變化， 時態(tài)變化在 to be。,關注學生的在復習過程中的情感和態(tài)度,在復習過程中，要十分注意是英語復習成為學生發(fā)展積極的情感態(tài)度的過程，激發(fā)學生積極參與復習活動的動機，從而提高復習的效率。 1. 復習目標的設定一定要適應大多數(shù)學生的需求； 2. 注意對學習有困難的學生進行鼓勵和提供相應的支持； 3. 注意反饋信息，包括觀察學生的表情。根據(jù)反饋調(diào)整教學。,Thank You！ 電子信箱：,