111必修一 Unit 3 Looking good , feeling good.單項(xiàng)填空1.(2010·東北三校模擬)Have you heard that he was admitted into Beijing University？Is that true？I'm glad that his efforts at last .A.worked out B.paid offC.turned out D.paid for解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：“你聽(tīng)說(shuō)他被北京大學(xué)錄取了嗎？”“真的嗎？我很高興他的努力最終有了回報(bào)。”pay off“得到回報(bào)，還清，償清”；work out“計(jì)算出，解決，制訂出”；turn out“結(jié)果是，證明是”；pay for“付款”。答案：B2.(2010·陜西西安統(tǒng)考)“It is not what you know but who you know that if you want to find a job in this company.”he said angrily.A.depends B.countsC.relies D.attracts解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他憤怒地說(shuō)：“如果想要在這家公司找工作，重要的不是你懂什么，而是你認(rèn)識(shí)哪個(gè)人！”count“有價(jià)值，重要”。答案：B3.The clouds are gathering quickly.If you must go there，you'll riskcaught in the rain.A.to get B.gettingC.to be got D.being got解析：risk doing sth.“冒著危險(xiǎn)”。get caught in“遇上”，是固定短語(yǔ)。答案：B4.He70 kilos.He has put on a lot ofsince he gave up smoking.A.weighty；weight B.weighs；weightC.weighs；weighty D.weight；weight解析：句意：他體重為70公斤。他自從戒煙后體重增加了許多。weigh動(dòng)詞，“重”；weight名詞，“重量，分量”；weighty形容詞，“重的，沉重的”。put on/gain weight“增加體重，長(zhǎng)胖”。答案：B5.(2010·浙江杭州統(tǒng)考)This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months，but it will disappear .A.in no time B.on the timeC.at a time D.at one time解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in no time“立即，馬上”；at a time“每次”；at one time“曾經(jīng)”。答案：A6.My brother is tall.The little bed won'tfor him.A.match B.prepareC.fit D.do解析：句意：我哥個(gè)子高，這小床對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)不適合。match vt.“相配，配得上，比得上”。如選prepare，語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)用被動(dòng)。學(xué)生易誤選C項(xiàng)，顯然是受了短語(yǔ)be fit for“對(duì)適合，勝任”的影響，要么won't后加be，要么去掉for。do這里是be all right“可以，好，適合”等意思，所以選D項(xiàng)。答案：D7.(2010·天津河?xùn)|統(tǒng)考)The driver who died in the accident could have ，but he was sent to hospital too late.A.cured B.recoveredC.survived D.rescued解析：句意：死于意外事故的司機(jī)本來(lái)可以活下來(lái)，但是他被送到醫(yī)院太晚了。由題意可知選C項(xiàng)。survive“幸存，活下來(lái)”。cure“治愈”；recover“恢復(fù)”；rescue“營(yíng)救”。答案：C8.Although many Americans move a lot，they stilleach other's dialects.A.recognise B.knowC.meet D.match解析：句意：雖然許多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬家，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e彼此的方言。recognise“認(rèn)出，辨出”。答案：A9.Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their，some people drink alcohol.A.tempers B.moodsC.consciousness D.pressures解析：句意：在城市，生活不容易，為了減壓，有些人喝酒。lose one's pressure“減小壓力”。A項(xiàng)“脾氣”；B項(xiàng)“心情，情緒”；C項(xiàng)“知覺(jué)，感覺(jué)”。答案：D10.After a fire broke out in the house，a lot of modern equipment.A.is damaged B.was damagedC.were damaged D.damaged解析：句意：這座房子失火之后，許多現(xiàn)代化設(shè)備都損壞了。equipment是不可數(shù)名詞，和damage之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，再根據(jù)從句的時(shí)態(tài)(過(guò)去時(shí))判斷，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。答案：B11.Thirty passengers were hurt，5 children.A.include B.containC.including D.containing解析：句意：三十位乘客受傷，包括五個(gè)孩子。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處不能用謂語(yǔ)形式，所以排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。including“包括”，containing“含有”，故選C項(xiàng)。答案：C12.Sheme with a difficult question.A.embarrassed B.was embarrassedC.was embarrassing D.embarrassed by解析：句意：她出了一個(gè)難題為難我。embarrass及物動(dòng)詞，“使為難，使尷尬”。如選B項(xiàng)，原句中必須去掉“me”，意義也發(fā)生了變化。答案：A13.The entire country wasby the drought.A.effected B.actedC.affected D.afforded解析：句意：全國(guó)都受到了旱災(zāi)的影響。此題中需要及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。affect vt.“影響”。effect是名詞，意思是“結(jié)果、效果、影響”，effect用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“使發(fā)生，引起”；act vt.“扮演，演出”；afford是動(dòng)詞，“擔(dān)負(fù)得起”。答案：C14.She decided to hand in the wallet first，and .A.so did she B.she did soC.nor did she D.nor she did解析：句意：她決定先將錢(qián)包交上去，然后她就這樣做了。sb.do/did/does so“某人就這樣做了”；so助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞sb.“某人也如此”。答案：B15.Carol said the work could be done before October，personally I doubt very much.A.it B.thatC.when D.which解析：which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代指前面說(shuō)的要在十月前完成工作這件事。答案：D.閱讀理解A(2010·浙江六校統(tǒng)考)Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help themdeal with their environments better thanothers of their kind.This natural biologicalprocess is called adaptation.Among the superiorcharacteristics developed through adaptationare those that may help in getting food or shelter，in providing protection，and in producing and protecting the young.That results in the gradual development of more and more organisms (small living things) that are better fitted to their environments.Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way，but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class (kind).A plant，for example，depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals (無(wú)機(jī)化學(xué)物).It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun's energy to make food from inorganic chemicals.These are general adaptations，common to most plants.In addition，there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies.Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape，and many look like a leaf or a little branch.The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings.Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near.Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting.They may adapt in their structure，function，and genetics；in their development and production of the young；and in other respects.An organism may create its own environment，as do warm­blooded mammals，which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather.Usually adaptations are an advantage，but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that，if conditions change，it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文為我們介紹了動(dòng)植物在與大自然抗?fàn)幍倪^(guò)程中如何提高它們的生存能力。再次為我們?cè)忈屃恕拔锔?jìng)天擇，適者生存”的自然規(guī)律。1.Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may.A.help others of their kind get food，shelter and other things neededB.survive even in extremely severe conditionsC.become better adapted to the environments than others of their kindD.result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第一句“Certain animals.environments better than others of their kind.”可知答案。答案：C2.In the first paragraph，the word “environments” could best be replaced by.A.contexts B.surroundingsC.neighbors D.enemies解析：細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)整篇文章的主旨動(dòng)植物對(duì)環(huán)境的適應(yīng)以及常識(shí)判斷，此處是表達(dá)動(dòng)植物發(fā)展一種能更好適應(yīng)周?chē)h(huán)境的屬性。surroundings“環(huán)境”，contexts“(事情發(fā)展的)背景，來(lái)龍去脈”。答案：B3.It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird are colored.A.to frighten its enemiesB.to attract its enemiesC.to adjust its body heatD.to match its environment解析：推理判斷題。由第三段第一句“Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies.”以及下面所舉的例子可知，鳥(niǎo)的羽毛變色是為了和周?chē)h(huán)境的顏色相搭配，以迷惑敵人，保護(hù)自己。故選D。答案：D4.Which of the following is not directly mentioned？A.A living thing may adapt in its structure.B.An organism may adapt in its function.C.A living creature may adapt in its genetic makeup.D.A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.解析：細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。由文章最后一段可以找到和A、B、C相關(guān)的信息，文章里沒(méi)有和D相關(guān)的信息。答案：DBMost Americans would have a difficult time telling you，specifically，what the values are which Americans live by.They have never given the matter any thought.Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States.This has caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors.I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most (but not all) Americans，and that understanding these values can help you，the international visitor，understand Americans.It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans，they will then be able to understand 95% of American actionsactions which might otherwise appear “strange”，“confusing”，or “unbelievable” when evaluated from the perspective (aspect) of the foreigner's own society and its values.The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs，assumptions and values of that particular group.When you encounter (meet) an action，or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you，try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed in this booklet.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是為一本介紹美國(guó)人的價(jià)值觀(guān)的小冊(cè)子所寫(xiě)的序。在文中作者告訴我們美國(guó)人對(duì)價(jià)值觀(guān)的認(rèn)識(shí)、小冊(cè)子的內(nèi)容以及了解美國(guó)人價(jià)值觀(guān)的必要性。5.An ordinary American can't tell you his/her value system because.A.this is something an American lives byB.everyone will have his/her own systemC.he/she has never thought about itD.values are something often in their thought解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句“They have never given the matter any thought.”可知答案。答案：C6.The author lists 13 values in his booklet to.A.invite foreigners to visit AmericaB.look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitorsC.describe the confusing actions of most AmericansD.help international visitors understand Americans解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段最后一句話(huà)“.understanding these values can help you，the international visitor，understand Americans.”可找出答案。答案：D7.The underlined word “ingrained” in Line 2，Paragraph 3 most probably means.A.rooted in the minds B.found in the grainsC.planted for food D.prepared with grain解析：推理判斷題。由第三段“.，they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions.”可知該詞是指長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)所具有的、能體現(xiàn)美國(guó)人特點(diǎn)的含義。所以A比較接近這個(gè)語(yǔ)境。而B(niǎo)、C、D是從單詞本身的grain來(lái)解釋的，不符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：A8.Visitors sometimes find Americans behave in a strange，confusing or unbelievable way，probably because.A.Americans are hard to understandB.Americans have values which are entirely different from their ownC.they view Americans according to the values in their own societyD.it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them解析：細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。由第三段最后一句可知，如果根據(jù)外國(guó)人自己的社會(huì)和價(jià)值觀(guān)來(lái)評(píng)定美國(guó)人的行為，就感覺(jué)是“奇怪的”、“令人迷惑的”、“難以置信的”故選C。答案：C111