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111 【牛津選修8】 2014高考英語（江蘇專用）全程復(fù)習(xí)方略 課時提升 作業(yè)二十六：Unit3 The world of colours and light（含詳細(xì)解析） Ⅰ. 單項填空 1. (2013·濟南模擬)Universities have to provide　　　for first-year students. A. adjustment　　　　　　　 B. qualification C. commitment D. accommodation 2. His early works, mostly in the traditional Chinese style, reflected the　　　of eastern China. A. sight　 　 B. scenery　　 C. view　　 D. scene 3. Unfortunately, although Van Gogh　　　his whole being to painting, he received little reward for his effort. A. admitted B. permitted C. submitted D. committed 4. Someone has upset the photographs I　　　so carefully, which made me quite angry. A. laid off B. laid out C. laid down D. laid aside 5. There was a　　　expression on the child’s face when he saw the　　　scene. A. disgusting; disgusting B. disgusted; disgusting C. disgusting; disgusted D. disgusted; disgusted 6. The foreign visitors　　　to find that our students had such a good command of English. A. amazed B. amazing C. were amazing D. were amazed 7. (2013·寧波模擬)All countries need　　　, timely and reliable climate information as well as high-quality climate services, as they will benefit the whole mankind. A. believable B. accurate C. particular D. abstract 8. 　　　the carrots before you put them into the pot and then boil them for about ten minutes. A. Cut down B. Cut up C. Cut off D. Cut in 9. Taking up a piece of soap on the table, he　　　it into water and began lathering(涂皂沫)his face. A. dropped B. dipped C. pushed D. burst 10. (2013·合肥模擬)Hardly　　　to the airport　　　he was surrounded by many journalists and fans. A. the famous singer had got; when B. the famous singer got; then C. had the famous singer got; when D. did the famous singer get; then 11. (2013·西安模擬)The parents were happy to know that their son had won　　　to Beijing University. A. permission B. allowance C. recognition D. admission 12. (2013·黃岡模擬)After hours of searching, their patience was　　　and they found what they were looking for. A. calculated B. confirmed C. rewarded D. evaluated 13. It will be a long time before the Libyans heal from the　　　of the war. A. shade B. shadow C. picture D. scene 14. (2013·沈陽模擬)—Did you know any French before you arrived in Washington? —Never　　　it, actually. A. had I learned B. have I learned C. I learned D. was I learning 15. I don’t know how long　　　will take the workers to build the bridge. A. it B. that C. this D. one Ⅱ. 閱讀理解 　　The mystery of Leonardo da Vinci’s famous Mona Lisa painting has been cracked with the help of emotion-recognition software by scientists recently. According to the findings which will be published in the New Scientist, Mona Lisa’s exact emotions were 83 percent happy, 9 percent disgusted, 6 percent fearful, and 2 percent angry. Dr Nicu Sebe, a professor at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands, used emotion-recognition software to come up with the exact analysis of Mona Lisa’s emotional state. The software rated features such as the curvature(曲度)of the lips and crinkles around the eyes. The program draws on a database of young female faces to get an average “neutral” expression. The software uses this average expression as the standard for comparisons. Other applications of emotion-recognition software might be to detect terror suspects on the basis of their emotions as well as their physical characteristics. Possibly the most famous portrait of all time, Mona Lisa’s mystic expression has puzzled art lovers for five centuries. In 2003, a scientist from Harvard University said the way the human eye processes visual information meant her smile was only apparent when the viewer looked at other parts of the painting. The painting, which is on public display in the Louvre in Paris, was painted between 1503-1506. It was thought to be named after the sitter(被畫像的人), most likely the wife of Francesco del Giocondo, an Italian living in Florence. Mona Lisa features in the opening of Dan Brown’s hit novel The da Vinci Code when the curator(圖書館館長) at the Louvre is found dead near the painting. (270W) 1. The underlined word “cracked” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to“　　　”. A. accepted B. broken C. discussed D. analyzed 2. According to the passage, the software judged Mona Lisa’s emotion by　　　. A. her certain facial features B. the change of her smile C. the paint on the painting D. all the parts of the painting 3. The practical use of emotion-recognition software might be to　　　. A. draw lively paintings B. show the painter of an ancient painting C. help the police detect a criminal D. examine the value of a painting 4. According to the passage Mona Lisa was probably　　　. A. Leonardo da Vinci’s wife B. a rich woman living in Paris C. a curator at the Louvre D. married to an Italian in Florence 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. Mona Lisa “Happy”, Computer Finds B. Another Mona Lisa, Computer Copies C. New Application of Software to Painting D. Artists Puzzled by Mona Lisa’s Smile Ⅲ. 任務(wù)型閱讀 　　請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文, 并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。 注意: 請將答案寫在相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只填一個單詞。 Museums have changed. They are no longer places that one “should” go to but to enjoy. At a science museum in Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Children’s Museum in New York, you can play an African drum. There are no “Do Not Touch” sign in some other museums in the USA. More and more museum directors have realized that people learn best when they can become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, the visitors are encouraged to touch, listen, operate and experiment so as to discover scientific rules for themselves. The purpose is not only to provide fun, but also help people feel at home in the world of science. If people don’t understand science, they will be afraid of it; and if they are afraid of science, they will not make the best use of it. One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and spare time. Another cause is that the number of young people grow in the population. Many of them are college students or college graduates. They see things in a new and different way. They want art that they can take part in. The same is true of science and history. The old museums have been changing and the government is encouraging the building of new, modern museums. In the United States and Canada, there are more than 6, 000 museums, twice as many as there were 25 years ago. Title: The(1)　　　of museums (2)_______ Science Museums Children’s Museums and others Changes Time Rules Number In the past Not(3)　　　to touch About 3, 000 Nowadays Encouraged to (4)______ More than 6, 000 Purposes (5)　　　fun→having a good time Understanding science→Making(6)　　　use of science Causes The(7)　　　wealth and spare time The growing(8)　　　of young people→wanting to experience art, science and history (9)_______ The(10)　　　encourages to build new and modern museums 【語篇隨練】 用30個詞左右概括閱讀理解大意 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案解析 Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】選D?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意: 大學(xué)必須為新生提供住宿。adjustment調(diào)節(jié), 調(diào)整;qualification資格, 條件;commitment委托, 承擔(dān)義務(wù);accommodation住宿。這里指學(xué)校提供住宿。 【變式備選】 However, that hotel was booked full. So, instead, we found　　　in a dormitory. A. accommodation B. entertainment C. convenience D. facilities 【解析】選A。考查名詞辨析。句意: 可是, 那家旅館已經(jīng)滿員了。所以, 我們在一個宿舍里找到了住處。accommodation住宿, 膳宿;entertainment娛樂;convenience方便;facility設(shè)施, 工具。 2.【解析】選B?？疾槊~辨析。句意: 他的早期作品, 主要是以傳統(tǒng)的中國風(fēng)格創(chuàng)作的, 反映了中國東部的自然風(fēng)光。sight指眼睛所看到的景象;scenery指自然風(fēng)光;view指從某處俯視的情景;scene指特定環(huán)境的景色。 3.【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意: 遺憾的是, 盡管梵·高全身心地投入繪畫, 他所得到的回報卻微乎其微。admit承認(rèn);permit允許;submit呈交, 屈服;commit投身于……。 【變式備選】 Unfortunately, although Van Gogh committed　　　painting, he received little reward for his effort. A. to B. in C. on D. with 【解析】選A?？疾楣潭ù钆?。固定表達(dá)commit(oneself)to全身心投入于, 專心于。 4.【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意: 有人弄亂了我精心布置的照片, 這讓我非常生氣。lay off裁員, 解雇;lay out布置, 設(shè)計;lay down放下;lay aside把……放在一邊。 5. 【解析】選B。句意: 當(dāng)看到那令人厭惡的場景時這孩子臉上露出厭煩的表情。a disgusted expression/look一副感到厭倦的表情;the disgusting scene令人厭惡的場景。 【變式備選】 The　　　scene made the child filled with　　　. A. disgusting; disgust B. disgusted; disgusting C. disgusting; disgusted D. disgust; disgusted 【解析】選A。句意: 這一令人厭惡的場景使這個小孩內(nèi)心充滿了反感。with為介詞后要接名詞作賓語。 6.【解析】選D。句意: 這些外國客人很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的學(xué)生很精通英語。be amazed to do sth. 做某事很驚訝。 【變式備選】 It　　　the foreign visitors to find that our students had such a good command of English. A. amazed B. amazing C. was amazing D. was amazed 【解析】選A。本句中it為形式主語, 真正的主語為后面的to find. . . 結(jié)構(gòu), 這里需要填入的是謂語動詞。故答案為A。 7.【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意: 所有的國家不僅需要高質(zhì)量的氣候服務(wù)而且需要準(zhǔn)確、及時和可以信賴的氣候信息, 因為它們對全人類有益。accurate準(zhǔn)確的;believable可以相信的;particular特別的;abstract抽象的。 8.【解析】選B。句意: 在你將胡蘿卜放入鍋里之前先將其切碎, 然后煮大約十分鐘。cut up切碎;cut down砍下;cut off切掉, 隔離;cut in插嘴。 【變式備選】 Can you see that this picture and the article are　　　from the same newspaper? A. cut up B. cut out C. cut down D. cut off 【解析】選B。考查動詞短語辨析。句意: 你能看出這張照片和這篇文章是從同一張報紙上剪下來的嗎? cut out剪出, 剪下;cut up切碎;cut down砍倒;cut off切下, 切斷。 9.【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意: 他拿起桌上的一塊肥皂, 蘸在水里, 開始往臉上涂皂沫。dip浸, 蘸;drop降低;push推;burst爆炸。 10.【解析】選C?？疾榈寡b句。“hardly. . . when. . . = scarcely. . . when. . . = no sooner. . . than”表示“一……就……”。當(dāng)hardly, scarcely或no sooner位于句首時, 句中用部分倒裝。 【變式備選】 　　　I had a few problems to deal with. A. Hardly have I arrived when B. Hardly did I arrive than C. Hardly had I arrived when D. Hardly had I arrived than 【解析】選C。考查倒裝句。句意: 我剛到就有好幾個問題要處理。hardly. . . when. . . 主句用過去完成時, when引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般過去時。當(dāng)hardly位于句首時, 主句用部分倒裝。 11.【解析】選D?？疾槊~辨析。句意: 得知兒子被北京大學(xué)錄取, 父母很高興。admission錄取, 進(jìn)入, 承認(rèn);permission允許;allowance津貼;recognition承認(rèn)。 【變式備選】 A few days after the interview, I received a letter offering me　　　to the university. A. agreement B. appointment C. admission D. assumption 【解析】選C。句意: 在面試幾天之后, 我收到了一封我被大學(xué)錄取的信。agreement同意, 一致;appointment約會;admission錄取, 進(jìn)入, 承認(rèn);assumption假定, 假設(shè)。 12. 【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意: 幾個小時的搜索過后, 他們的耐心得到了回報, 他們找到了正在尋找的東西。reward給(某人)報酬, 獎勵(某人); calculate計算;confirm證實;evaluate評估, 評價。 【變式備選】 It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to　　　. A. rewards B. prizes C. awards D. results 【解析】選A?？疾槊~辨析。句意: 人們普遍認(rèn)為嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)做事情是因為某些行為可以帶來獎賞。reward獎賞;prize多指對競賽中成績優(yōu)異的人的獎勵;award多指政府或組織授予成績優(yōu)異的人的獎勵;result結(jié)果。 13.【解析】選B?？疾槊~辨析。句意: 要過很長時間之后利比亞人民才會從戰(zhàn)爭的陰影中解脫出來。shade陰涼處;shadow陰影, 影子;picture畫面;scene場景, 景象。 14. 【解析】選A?？疾榈寡b語序和時態(tài)。句意: ——來華盛頓之前你懂法語嗎? ——實際上(來華盛頓之前)我從沒學(xué)過法語。本題最關(guān)鍵的是時間狀語before you arrived in Washington, 所以時態(tài)要用過去完成時, 來表示“過去的過去”;否定副詞never位于句首時, 要用部分倒裝。故答案為A。 15.【解析】選A?？疾楣潭ň涫?。句意: 我不知道工人們要多久才能建完這座橋。It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費某人多長時間。 Ⅱ. 世界名畫《蒙娜·麗莎的微笑》令無數(shù)人著迷, 現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們利用電腦技術(shù)對蒙娜·麗莎的面部表情進(jìn)行分析, 得出她的表情83%是高興, 9%是厭煩, 6%是恐懼, 還有2%是生氣。 1.【解析】選D。詞義猜測題。從第一段第二句我們看出, 用這種方法我們知道了蒙娜·麗莎微笑表情的成分, 所以這個詞的意思應(yīng)該是“分析”;經(jīng)過分析之后我們才能知道微笑的秘密。 2. 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。從文章第二段第二句我們看出: 使用這個軟件分析蒙娜·麗莎嘴唇的曲度, 眼睛的彎度等數(shù)據(jù)。我們得出的結(jié)論就是: 分析了蒙娜·麗莎的面部表情特征。 3.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第三段最后一句可知, 這種軟件還可以用來對罪犯進(jìn)行面部表情分析, 從而幫助警察偵破案件。所以C項正確。 4.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知, 她很可能是生活在佛羅倫薩的一位意大利人的妻子。由此可判斷出D項是正確的。 5.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。本文第一段點明了文章的主旨: 科學(xué)家們利用電腦技術(shù)對蒙娜·麗莎的面部表情進(jìn)行了分析。本文的主旨就是用電腦分析蒙娜·麗莎微笑的秘密。 Ⅲ.　　現(xiàn)在的博物館已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大的變化, 它們不再只是人們?nèi)⒂^的地方, 而成了人們?nèi)ハ硎?、體驗生活的地方。 1. 【解析】changes　第一段第一句點明文章的主旨, “博物館已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大的變化”。 2. 【解析】Kinds/Types　根據(jù)右邊的信息可判斷出, 這里指的是種類。 3. 【解析】allowed/permitted　根據(jù)第二段中的“Do Not Touch”可得出答案。這里要用過去分詞形式, 表被動。 4. 【解析】experience　根據(jù)第三段中的the visitors are encouraged to touch, listen, operate and experiment可知, 參觀者被鼓勵去親自體驗。 5. 【解析】Providing　根據(jù)第四段中的The purpose is not only to provide fun可得出答案。注意要用動名詞形式。 6. 【解析】full/good　根據(jù)第四段中的they will not make the best use of it可知, 表示“充分利用”, 要變化為make full/good use of短語形式。 7. 【解析】increasing　根據(jù)第五段中的the increase in wealth and spare time可得出答案。這里要用increasing作定語。 8. 【解析】population/number　根據(jù)第五段中的the number of young people grow in the population可得出答案。 9. 【解析】Measure　根據(jù)右邊的信息再結(jié)合最后一段可知, 這里談?wù)摰氖遣扇〉拇胧? 10. 【解析】government　根據(jù)最后一段可得出答案。 【語篇隨練】 　　With the help of emotion-recognition software, scientists found out the mystery of Leonardo da Vinci’s famous painting Mona Lisa. 111