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111 Module 2 Fantasy Literature— Philip Pullman Grammar—Adverbial clauses with –ing (1) Goals To learn to understand and use adverbial clauses with –ing (1) ● Procedures ▇ Learning about adverbial clauses with –ing Adverbial clauses with –ing can be used either independently or after a word such as on, before, after and while. Look at the following examples containing adverbial clauses with –ing and make similar sentences. ▲Feeling hungry, he went into the kitchen and opened the fridge. (= because he felt hungry...) ▲Being poor, he didn't spend much on clothes. ▲Knowing that his mother was coming, he cleaned the flat. ▲Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there. ▲Not having received his letter for long, she felt a little worried. ▲Being treated, the injured cried all the time. ▲Mounting(騎上) his horse, the bandit(土匪) rode off. ▲David was lying in bed crying. ▲We walked along the banks singing merrily. ▲Having written the letter, I went out to post it. ▲ Having already seen the film twice, she didn't want to go to the cinema. ▲ Having been invited to speak, I'll start making preparations tomorrow. ▲ He did poorly in his examinations, considering how hard he had studied for them. ▲ Generally speaking, boys are more interested in such activities that girls are not interested in. ▲ Allowing for the deficiencies(不足), the show is a success. ▲ Being　a student, she likes to help others. ▲ Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily. ▲ Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait. ▲ Not having finished the homework, the pupil doesn't dare to go to school. ▲ Being sick, I stayed at home. ▲ Realizing that she couldn’t move the heavy box, she asked me to help her. ▲ Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there. ▲ Having done my shopping, I returned home. ▲ Being League members, we are ready to help others. ▲ Not knowing his address, I can’t write to him. ▲ Not having received his letter for long, she felt a little worried. ▲ Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. ▲ On seeing the man, the woman at once falls in love with him. ▲ Before going to school in the morning, he called his father on the phone. ▲ While lying by a river, Xiao Li saw a strange bird. ▲ After reading the article, he decided not to buy the house. ■Making sentences containing adverbial clauses with –ing Next you are going to turn sentences from the text The Cat That Vanished into sentences containing adverbial clauses with –ing. The Cat That vanished 1. Standing quiet，Will could not think clearly. 2. Trying to decide what to do，he saw a cat． 3. Coming out of a garden, Will put down his shopping bag. 4. Holding out its hand, the cat came up to the tiger. 5. Before turning away he went across the road. 6. Stopping there, still watching，Will saw the cat behave strangely. 7. Putting out a paw to pat something in the air in front of her， the cat turned invisible to all the people. 8. While leaping back，the cat held up her tail. 9. Not knowing about the cat behaviour Will watched more carefully. 10. After approaching the place again, Will found it was just an empty patch of grass between the trees and the bushes. 11. Patting the air once more, she leapt back，but less far and with less fear this time． 12. After stepping forward，the cat became vanished again. 13. Blinking, he stood still，close to the nearest tree. 14. Passing by a lake, the car suddenly ran into a truck. 15. Keeping her eyes on him, the girl climbed through the hole in the walls. ■Doing a quiz on adverbial clauses with –ing ①（2003北京）________ time , he’ll make a first—class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given ②（2000上海）_________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding ③_______a reply, he decided to write again. ( 92 ) A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received ④“We can’ go out in this weather,”said Bob , ____ out of the window. ( 04 四川 吉林) A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked ⑤（NMET1996）______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Lost B. Being lost C. To lose D. To be lost ⑥（2003北京春）Mr. Smith, _____of the _____speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring ⑦(2004上海春） After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ____. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted ⑧(NMET 2002) The research is so designed that once _______ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun ⑨（上海1998） If _______ the same treatment again , he is sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given ⑩(2003上海春) Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited (keys: 1-5:DCCAA;6-10:ABDCA) 111