111【牛津選修7】 2014高考英語(yǔ)（江蘇專用）全程復(fù)習(xí)方略 課時(shí)提升 作業(yè)二十三：Unit4 Public transport（含詳細(xì)解析）. 單項(xiàng)填空1. at the meeting to be held about three days away? A. Do you think what will he sayB. Do you think what he will sayC. What do you think will he sayD. What do you think he will say2. When youa form, please write information in the spaces on it. A. fill inB. fill withC. fill upD. fill of3. (2013·合肥模擬)At first, I tried to ignore the “dress-down” rule by simply _ in my suit as usual. A. dressing upB. showing offC. turning upD. ending up4. (2013·成都模擬)Out of the crowded bus, who was dressed in a black suit and waved to a woman. A. a tall man in his thirties steppedB. stepped a tall man in his thirtiesC. did a tall man in his thirties stepD. did a tall man step in his thirties5. The buildinga hospital for the town and the surrounding areas till the early 1960s. A. regarded asB. set upC. split upD. functioned as6. Was the proposal passed at yesterdays meeting? Yes, but some members at the committee expressed. A. associationsB. authorityC. cooperationD. reservations7. Lets put our heads together anda plan of action. A. decide toB. decide inC. decide onD. decide at8. (2013·南通模擬)Colours like reda sense of energy and strength. A. exchangeB. conveyC. transformD. transfer9. Although his wife was killed in the earthquake, hehis sobs to rescue others. A. showed offB. contributed toC. accounted forD. choked back10. (2013·濟(jì)南模擬)As with buying a car, humans shouldthe environmental effects of their future pets into account. A. takeB. undertakeC. transformD. swap11. The Internet is widely used, whichthe development of English. A. speeds upB. takes overC. gets acrossD. turns to12. The lorry, bricks, has broken down suddenly in the middle of the bridge. A. loaded upB. loaded withC. full withD. filled of13. of the meeting, I failed to attend it. A. Having not been informedB. Not having informedC. Not being informedD. Not having been informed14. (2013·長(zhǎng)春模擬)Obviously, we can draw the conclusion that good manners _ from politeness and respect for others. A. happenB. ariseC. comeD. rise15. Our computers areto the worldwide Internet, which provides communication channels between people and access to the information we need. A. put upB. made upC. linked upD. called up. 完形填空(2013·江南模擬)The family is part of a disturbing(令人不安的)trend. One in 45 children, totaling 1. 6 million, is1, the highest number in United States history. Children who are homeless are more2to suffer from some illnesses. They go hungry at twice the rate of other3. They have three times the rate of mental4, such as anxiety and sadness. Campings not easy. Its a lot rougher when youre a5of homeless single mothers trying to keep seven children6, clothed, washed and in school. At dawn the two women, Guzman and Cervantes, pack their children7the minivan(小型貨車), leaving the tents at the campground. They8a public restroom in a park. Guzman struggles to9her thick curly hair with drops of cold water from the tiny sink. Both women slip into stalls(小隔間)to change10. They stop at a café for coffee and cake. Guzmans hair is11and she shakes as she holds the hot cup. Theyve been12to cook healthy meals on the campfire, but its hard to keep their13full. “Ive got to make sure my kids eat, ”Cervantes says. At one point last year, her14had dropped from 180 pounds to 152 pounds. After Guzmans husband left five years ago, and Cervantes husband went to15, both women struggled to hold down low-paying jobs16taking care of their children. “Im living moment by moment, day by day, ”says Guzman. “Im holding it all17. There are times I nearly18. I try not to let the kids see me. They tell me, If you break, Mom, we all break, 19youre the one who holds us together. So thats20keeps me going. ”A tear rolls slowly down her cheek. (300W)1. A. poorB. unhealthyC. homelessD. foolish2. A. difficultB. probableC. willingD. likely3. A. childrenB. studentsC. volunteersD. parents4. A. desiresB. functionsC. problemsD. pleasures5. A. groupB. pairC. dozenD. number6. A. educatedB. punishedC. excitedD. fed7. A. intoB. ontoC. offD. beyond8. A. buildB. moveC. findD. search9. A. arrangeB. washC. colourD. brush10. A. treasuresB. notesC. addressesD. clothes11. A. goldenB. wetC. dirtyD. perfect12. A. requestingB. persuadingC. wonderingD. trying13. A. housesB. minivansC. stomachsD. tents14. A. weightB. wealthC. serviceD. value15. A. prisonB. schoolC. workD. church16. A. unlessB. whileC. untilD. although17. A. tightlyB. togetherC. carefullyD. away18. A. calm downB. set downC. settle downD. break down19. A. ifB. becauseC. soD. but20. A. whatB. howC. whoC. which. 閱讀理解Karl Benz would possibly be shocked at the continued popularity of his invention. Our desire for cars has grown to a point where there is now around one car for every 11 people in the world. Reasonably, you may think that more cars mean more road accidents. But, as ever, numbers tell the truth. Take the UK as an example. In 1950, a few years before I was born, there were 4. 4 million vehicles in Britain, one for every 11 people. In 2011, there were 34 million vehicles, eight times as many, and more than one for every 2 people. There were 5, 012 deaths on UK roads in 1950, but by 2011 the number of deaths had dropped by 63%. If we translate these figures into the chance in a million of dying, or micromorts(百萬(wàn)死亡率), there was an average of 102 micromorts per person per year in 1950, dropping to just 31 micromorts per year in 2011. Or to put it another way, each 100, 000 vehicles in 1950 were responsible for 114 deaths, but by 2011 they were responsible for only five deaths. Almost all of the richer nations have followed this pattern, in spite of traffic increasing. In the 30 years between 1980 and 2009, deaths on roads fell by 55% in Australia, 69% in France, 63% in Britain, 54% in Italy and 58% in Spain. But deaths slightly rose in Greece. Sadly these trends are not observed the world over. While the average risk for a person from dying on the roads in high-income countries is 103 micromorts per year, it is 205 in low-and middle-income countries. Of 3, 500 people killed a day worldwide, 3, 000 are in the developing world, in spite of those countries containing less than half of all cars on the road. (304W)1. The first paragraph tells us. A. Karl Benz is the inventor of vehiclesB. there is a car for every 11 people in Britain nowC. numbers show more cars mean more road accidentsD. the number of cars in the world will reduce in the future2. How many people died in Britain by 2011? A. About 5, 000. B. About 3, 600. C. About 1, 800. D. About 63. 3. In which of the following countries deaths on roads have possibly risen? A. The USA. B. Japan. C. India. D. Spain. 4. From the passage we can learn. A. before 1950 there was more than one car for every two peoplein BritainB. there was just 31 micromorts per year in 2011 in France and BritainC. deaths on roads have slightly risen in Italy in the last 30 yearsD. now most of the deaths on roads are in the developing countries【語(yǔ)篇隨練】根據(jù)閱讀理解將下面句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)1. If we translate these figures into the chance in a million of dying, or micromorts, there was an average of 102 micromorts per person per year in 1950, dropping to just 31 micromorts per year in 2011. 【譯】_ _【析】本句的主句為_(kāi), 前面是_引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句, 后面是_作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。2. While the average risk for a person from dying on the roads in high-income countries is 103 micromorts per year, it is 205 in low-and middle-income countries. 【譯】_ _【析】本句中_引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。答案解析. 1. 【解析】選D。“do you think”是一個(gè)插入語(yǔ), 用在特殊疑問(wèn)句中的語(yǔ)序是“疑問(wèn)詞+do you think+句子的其他成分”?！局R(shí)拓展】雙重疑問(wèn)句用法雙重疑問(wèn)句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)為: 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+do you think/suppose/believe/guess/say等+陳述語(yǔ)序的句子? Who do you think will be the winner of the Mao Dun Literature Prize this year? 你認(rèn)為誰(shuí)是今年茅盾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的得主呢? Where do you suppose they will have their contest? 你認(rèn)為他們會(huì)在哪里進(jìn)行競(jìng)賽呢? 注意: 若插入語(yǔ)為do you suggest, 其后句子要用(should+)動(dòng)詞原形。例如: How do you suggest she go there? 你建議她如何去那里呢? 2. 【解析】選A。句意: 當(dāng)你填寫(xiě)表格的時(shí)候, 請(qǐng)?jiān)谏厦娴目崭裰刑顚?xiě)信息。fill in填寫(xiě)(表格);fill with充滿;fill up裝滿;沒(méi)有fill of這種搭配。3. 【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意: 起初, 我盡力忽視“便裝規(guī)則”, 像往常一樣穿著我的衣服到場(chǎng)了。turn up出席, 到場(chǎng);dress up打扮, 穿上盛裝;show off炫耀;end up結(jié)束。4. 【解析】選B?？疾榈寡b。句意: 在擁擠的公共汽車上走出一個(gè)三十多歲的高個(gè)男人, 他穿著黑色的西服, 向一位女士揮手。表示方位的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí), 句子采用完全倒裝的形式, 故選B。5. 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意: 這座建筑物直到20世紀(jì)60年代初期一直為這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)和附近地區(qū)起著醫(yī)院的作用。function as起作用;regard as把看作;set up建立;split up分組, 分離, 分解。6. 【解析】選D?？疾槊~辨析。句意: 在昨天的會(huì)議上, 那個(gè)建議通過(guò)了嗎? 是的, 但是委員會(huì)的一些成員持保留意見(jiàn)。reservation保留意見(jiàn); association聯(lián)合, 結(jié)合;authority官方, 權(quán)威;cooperation合作?！咀兪絺溥x】(2013·嘉興模擬)What do you usually do in the afternoon, Mrs. Smith? My afternoonincludes doing some shopping and walking my dogs. A. appointmentB. actionC. routineD. reservation【解析】選C。考查名詞的辨析。句意: 史密斯夫人, 下午你通常做什么? 我下午一般是購(gòu)物和遛狗。routine常規(guī);appointment約會(huì);action行為;reservation預(yù)訂, 預(yù)約。7. 【解析】選C。句意: 讓我們一起商量一下確定一個(gè)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃吧。decide on就做出決定。decide to后接動(dòng)詞原形。8. 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 像紅色這樣的顏色傳達(dá)了有精力和體力的意識(shí)。convey傳達(dá), 表達(dá);exchange交換;transform使改變, 改善;transfer轉(zhuǎn)換, 轉(zhuǎn)變。9. 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意: 盡管他的妻子在地震中死了, 但他還是抑制住哭泣去營(yíng)救他人。choke back控制住, 忍住;show off炫耀;contribute to有助于;account for說(shuō)明的原因。10. 【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意: 正如買車一樣, 人們應(yīng)該考慮到他們未來(lái)寵物的環(huán)境影響。take. . . into account將考慮在內(nèi)。11. 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意: 網(wǎng)絡(luò)被廣泛運(yùn)用, 這加快了英語(yǔ)的發(fā)展。speed up加速; take over移交; get across(使)被理解; turn to轉(zhuǎn)向, 求助于。12. 【解析】選B。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意: 裝載著磚塊的卡車突然在橋的中央出了故障。be loaded with. . . 裝載著, 此處用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。C項(xiàng)應(yīng)為full of; D項(xiàng)應(yīng)為filled with。13. 【解析】選D?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意: 由于未被告知開(kāi)會(huì), 我未能參加?！拔幢桓嬷_(kāi)會(huì)”發(fā)生在“未去開(kāi)會(huì)”之前, 因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式。14. 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 顯然我們可以得出結(jié)論, 良好的舉止源于禮貌和對(duì)他人的尊重。arise from起源于;happen發(fā)生;come from來(lái)自;rise上升。【變式備選】Accidentsfrom carelessness cause many deaths and injuries every year. A. arisenB. aroseC. to ariseD. arising【解析】選D?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意: 每年源于粗心的事故造成多人傷亡。accidents與arise from為主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。15. 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意: 我們的電腦和世界范圍內(nèi)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接, 這為人們提供了交流的渠道, 也為我們提供了需要的信息通路。link up聯(lián)合, 連接;put up舉起, 張貼, 搭建, 提供食宿等;make up彌補(bǔ), 編造, 虛構(gòu), 化妝;call up征召。. 本文是記敘文, 在美國(guó)每45名兒童中就有1名兒童無(wú)家可歸, 無(wú)家可歸兒童的總數(shù)高達(dá)160萬(wàn)。他們的生活充滿了艱辛和無(wú)奈。1. 【解析】選C。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知這里說(shuō)的是: 45名兒童中就有1名兒童無(wú)家可歸。2. 【解析】選D。無(wú)家可歸的兒童們更易患病。固定結(jié)構(gòu)sb. be likely to do sth. “某人更可能做某事”, 注意probable不能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)。3. 【解析】選A。根據(jù)上文可知, 本句中的they指的是children who are homeless, 所以這里指的是“其他的孩子”。4. 【解析】選C。根據(jù)后面的such as anxiety and sadness可知這里說(shuō)的是心理方面的問(wèn)題。5. 【解析】選B。根據(jù)后面的the two women可知這里指的是“一對(duì)(兩個(gè))無(wú)家可歸的單身母親”。6. 【解析】選D。根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知這句話的意思應(yīng)該是: 這兩個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的單身母親要照顧七個(gè)孩子吃、穿、洗以及上學(xué)。7. 【解析】選A。根據(jù)后面的賓語(yǔ)the minivan可知用介詞into最合適, 表示她們把孩子們安頓在小型貨車?yán)铩?. 【解析】選C。她倆離開(kāi)營(yíng)地, 在公園里找到一個(gè)公共廁所。9. 【解析】選B。在廁所的洗手臺(tái), Guzman用涼水洗洗自己濃密卷曲的頭發(fā)。10. 【解析】選D。然后她們到廁所的小隔間換衣服。11. 【解析】選B。根據(jù)上文中的她剛洗過(guò)頭可知這里是: 她的頭發(fā)還是濕濕的, 她端著熱杯子, 身子凍得瑟瑟發(fā)抖。12. 【解析】選D。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知她們一直試圖在篝火上做頓有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的飯。13. 【解析】選C。她們努力在篝火上做頓有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的飯, 但她們填飽肚子都是很難的。14. 【解析】選A。根據(jù)前面的內(nèi)容可知這句話的意思是: 去年有段時(shí)間, 她的體重從180磅降到了152磅。15. 【解析】選A。此處最合理的應(yīng)該是她丈夫進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。16. 【解析】選B。兩個(gè)女人努力干好低薪工作的同時(shí)照看著孩子。17. 【解析】選B。固定表達(dá)hold. . . together表示“把結(jié)合在一起”。下文中的holds us together是很好的提示。18. 【解析】選D。有時(shí)候“我”幾乎快要崩潰了。“我”盡量不讓孩子們看到“我”快支撐不下去的模樣。19. 【解析】選B。句意: 媽媽, 如果你堅(jiān)持不住了, 我們都會(huì)堅(jiān)持不住的。因?yàn)槟憔褪悄莻€(gè)讓我們團(tuán)結(jié)在一起的人。20. 【解析】選A。這就是使“我”一直頑強(qiáng)生活著的原因。表語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ), 只有A項(xiàng)符合邏輯。. 你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為汽車越多意味著交通事故就越多, 然而數(shù)字告訴你真相并非完全如此。盡管車流量增加, 幾乎所有的富裕國(guó)家公路死亡人數(shù)卻在下降?？杀氖? 這些趨勢(shì)并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)在低收入和中等收入國(guó)家上。1. 【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Karl Benz可能會(huì)震驚于他的發(fā)明的不斷普及?，F(xiàn)在世界上每11人就有一部車。你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為汽車越多意味著道路交通事故就越多。然而數(shù)字告訴你真相并非如此。故答案為A。2. 【解析】選C。數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話可知, 1950年英國(guó)道路上共有5, 012人死亡, 但到2011年, 死亡人數(shù)已下降了63%。由此可計(jì)算出答案為C。3. 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知, 盡管車流量增加, 幾乎所有的富裕國(guó)家公路死亡人數(shù)卻在下降。可悲的是, 這些趨勢(shì)并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)在低收入和中等收入國(guó)家。根據(jù)常識(shí), 美國(guó)和日本屬于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家, 排除A、B兩項(xiàng);根據(jù)第四段中的deaths on roads fell by. . . 58% in Spain, 排除D;印度屬于發(fā)展中國(guó)家。4. 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知, 全世界每天大約有3, 500人喪生, 其中3, 000人是在發(fā)展中國(guó)家, 盡管這些國(guó)家的汽車還不到所有汽車的一半。【語(yǔ)篇隨練】1. 如果我們把這些數(shù)字換算成百萬(wàn)死亡率, 1950年平均每人每年的百萬(wàn)死亡率為102, 到2011年下降到每年只有31。there was an average of 102 micromorts per person per year in 1950;if; v. -ing短語(yǔ)2. 在高收入國(guó)家中, 個(gè)人道路死亡平均風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為每年百萬(wàn)死亡率103, 而在低收入和中等收入國(guó)家為205。while111