四川省達(dá)州市2014 高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解一輪暑假訓(xùn)練（4）（答案）（201*·山東卷）B Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York-he in computers, she in special education. "Teaching means everything to us," Tim would say. In April1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose. Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Parton' s foundation (基金會(huì)) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of Sevier, Tennessee. “I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire," Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, "as a reminder." Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination library .com. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a look-see. “We didnt want to give the children rubbish,” says Linda. The books-reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists and Dollywood board members-included classics such as Ezra Jack Keatss The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdneys Llama Llama series.Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books Ive never heard of .” The Richters spend about 400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die,” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.”62.What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library?A. Give out brochures. B .Do something similar.C. Write books for children D. Retire from being a teacher.63.According to the text, Dollly Parton is .A. a well-known surgeon B. a mother of a four-year-oldC. a singer born in Tennessee D .a computer programmer64.Why did the Richters go to Dollywood?A. To avoid signing up online.B. To meet Dollywood board members.C. To make sure the books were the newest.D. To see if the books were of good quality.65.What can we learn from Tims words in the last paragraph?A. He needs more money to help the children.B. He wonders why some people are so busy.C. He tries to save those waiting to die.D. He considers his efforts worthwhile.【解析】：61-65:ABCDD 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文講述了里克特作為教師的一家人在退休后又做出捐獻(xiàn)書(shū)給兒童的決定，并且為此建立了基金會(huì)的事情，而且他們認(rèn)為這使得他們的人生更為有意義。36. A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后兩句話可知是Tim 得病導(dǎo)致他思考生命的意義。37. B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段Tim說(shuō)的話中“I could do something like this when we retire”,知道他打算在退休后做類(lèi)似的事，是B選項(xiàng)。38. C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段的第一句話得出Dollly Parton 是singer.39. D.。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段前兩句話中得出，“We didnt want to give the children rubbish“ 比喻指我們不想要質(zhì)量不好的東西。從本段首句主題句中也能得出the Richters 關(guān)心的是書(shū)的質(zhì)量。40. D。從最后一段Tim的話” 有些人坐而等待死亡，而有些人則在他的余生盡可能的忙碌著“ 可知，他認(rèn)為自己做出的事情是值得的有意義的。*結(jié)束Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular free time activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they dont run the streets. Every one of them automatically heads to the park or the river. It is my firm belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (喪失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD (多動(dòng)癥). Those whose housing had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, the entire school would do better in studies.Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等級(jí)) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.Most bullying (恃強(qiáng)凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School, with its hard tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners dreaming about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green placesThe life of old people is much better when they have access to nature. The most important for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its process helps reduce anger and behavior that people might regret later.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to think human beings are doing nature some kind of favour when we are protecting nature. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is damaging.Human beings are a species of animals. For seven million years we lived on the planet as part of nature. So we miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a glass of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.We need the wild world. It is necessary to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without other living things around us we are less than human.15. What is the authors firm belief?A. People seek nature in different ways.B. People should spend most of their lives in the wild.C. People have quite different ideas of nature.D. People must make more efforts to study nature.16. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?A. Personal freedom.B. Things that are natural.C. Urban surroundings.D. Things that are purchased.17. What does a study in Sweden show?A. The natural environment can help children learn better.B. More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.C. A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.D. Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.18. Children who have chances to explore natural areas _.A. tend to develop a strong love for scienceB. are more likely to dream about wildlifeC. tend to be physically tougher in adulthoodD. are less likely to be involved in bullying19. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?A. Find more effective drugs for them.B. Provide more green spaces for them.C. Place them under more personal care.D.Engage them in more meaningful activities.20. In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature?A. They look on life optimistically.B. They enjoy a life of better quality. C. They are able to live longer. D. They become good-humoured.15. A。從第一段最后一句”It is my firm belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.”可知人們以各種形式追尋大自然，親近大自然。16. D。從第二段最后一句中“things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found”可知父母現(xiàn)在更愿意給孩子買(mǎi)東西.17. B。從第四段第一句中 “kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability”可以得出B結(jié)論。18. D。從第六段第一句中的“the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore.”可以得出D結(jié)論。19. B。第八段第二句“Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children.”可知對(duì)多動(dòng)癥兒童來(lái)說(shuō)，把他們置于自然環(huán)境中是最有益的。20. B。第九段第二句“The most important for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years.”可以得出B結(jié)論。*結(jié)束閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A it tastes just like chickenAway from home, eating is more than just a way to keep your stomach fullIt is a language all its own, and no words can say, "Glad to meet you glad to be doing business with you " quite like sharing a meal offered by your hostClearly, mealtime is not the time for you to say, "Thanks, but no thanks" Acceptance of the food on your plate means acceptance of host, country, and companySo, no matter how difficult it may be to swallow, swallowOr, as one experienced traveler says, "Travel with a cast-iron stomach and eat everything everywhere"Often, the food offered represents proudly your host country's eating cultureWhat would Americans think of a French person who refused to take a bite of homemade apple pie or sirloin? Our discomfort comes not so much from the thing itself; it comes from our unfamiliarity with itAfter all, an oyster has remarkably the same look as a sheep's eye; and a first look at a lobster would remind almost anybody of a creature from a science fiction movie, not something you dip in butter and eatBy the way, in Saudi Arabia sheep's eyes are a famous dish and in parts of China it's bear's paw soupCan you refuse such food without being rude? Most experienced business travelers say no, at least not before taking at least a few bitesIt helps, though, to slice any item very thinThis way, you minimize the taste and the reminder of where it came fromOr, " Swallow it quickly, " as one traveler recommends"I still can't tell you what sheep's eyeballs taste like" As for dealing with taste, the old line that "it tastes just like chicken" is often thankfully trueEven when the "it" is really rat or snakeAnother useful piece of advice is not knowing what you are eatingWhat's for dinner? Don't ask Avoid glancing into the kitchen or looking at English-language menusYour host will be pleased that you are eating the food he offers, and who knows? Maybe it really is chicken in that soup1.The purpose of the article is to _Aintroduce unfamiliar foodBshare the writer's personal experiencesCsuggest ways to overcome a cultural barrierDadvise on how to politely refuse to eat foreign food2. According to the writer, people hesitate at strange food mainly due to _Athe way it looks Bsafety worriesClack of information about it Dthe unfamiliar atmosphere3. From the article we can infer that _Aan American may feel comfortable with sirloinBone should refuse strange food after a few bitesCEnglish-language menus are not always dependableDone needs a cast-iron stomach to travel in other cultures4. One may say "It tastes just like chicken" when _Ashowing respect for chicken-loving nationsBgreeting people with different dieting habitsCevaluating chefs at an international food festivalDgetting someone to try a visually unpleasant meal1-4 CCAD *結(jié)束B(niǎo) I cry easilyI cried when a boy in the film suffered from an incurable disease I cried when an athlete broke a world recordOne night my wife and I were going to dinner at a friend ' sAs we went towards the house, I noticed a car pulling out from the sidewalkJust ahead, another car was waiting to back into the parking spaceBut before he could do so a yellow car came up from behind and sneaked into the spaceWhile my wife went ahead into our friend' s house, I stepped into the street "Hey," I said, "this parking space belongs to that guy" I gestured towards the man ahead, who was looking back angrilyAt that moment I was feeling pretty manly " Mind your own business!" the driver told me "No," I said"You don' t understandThat fellow was waiting to back into this space" Things quickly heated up, until finally he jumped out of the carMy God, he was extremely largeHe grabbed me and shook his rock of a fist at meI tasted bloodI was terrifiedAlmost in a panic, I ran to my friend ' s front doorAs a former Marine （海軍） , as a man, I felt absolutely embarrassed as my wife and friends asked me what had happenedAll I could say was that I had had an argument about a parking spaceThey were sensitive and let it go at thatPerhaps half an hour later, the doorbell rangFor some reason I was sure that the huge man had returned for meMy blood ran coldMy hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped herI knew I had to face up to my fearI opened the doorThere he stood" I came back to apologize," he said in a low voice"I am ashamed of myselfThe Brooklyn Navy Yard where I've worked for ten years is closingToday I got laid offI' m not myselfI hope you" ll accept my apology I remembered that after I closed the door, I stood there for a few minutes alone with tears in my eyes5What did the author do when a yellow car drove into the parking space?AHe beat the driver BHe blamed the driverCHe asked the driver to apologize DHe ran to his friend' s house for help6What do we know about the yellow car' s driver?AHe was rude and liked fightingBHe was famous for his bad temperCHe lost his job and felt terrible that day DHe tried to get the author' s parking space7What does the underlined sentence mean? AI became quite calm BI felt extremely frightened CI couldn't move with coldDI was too angry to say anything8What kind of person is the author? ADirect and serious BHumorous and open - minded CHonest and ambitious DWarm - hearted and understanding 58、BCBD *結(jié)束C Most of the 20th century has been a development on the Industrial Revolution taken to an extreme: people now own more products than ever before; there are enough unclear weapons to destroy the earth several times over; there is hardly any forest left and pollution has got to the point where we buy water. Within a few years I predict you will be able to buy air. (There once was a time when you didnt need to buy food or shelter either.)Important developments in the last century are the breading down of the class structures left over from the Industrial Revolution stage, bringing with it the empowerment of the “common man ”: the working day is set by law to only 8 hours a day, everyone has the vote, the media has less obvious government control, people have landed on the moon, sent spacecrafts to Mars and so on. Families have also shrunk drastically（強(qiáng)烈地）; the nuclear family came about, and especially in the last half of the 20th century, one-parent families are becoming more common. This shrinking in the size of the family shows the increased independence of peopleonce upon a time people had to live in large groups to survive.As humans have “become the gods”, they have realized their individuality and independence and taken their control of the world to an extreme. In many countries the land is almost completely used in the land is almost completely used in the production of food and as living space and they live in small cities which are entirely human constructed, made from materials which are also entirely human constructed(concrete, bricks) with hardly any remains of nature. Weeds are poisoned because they are messy; even parks have trees grown in tidy lines; grass is mowed to keep it short and so on. I think the massive drug “problem” troubling people is a result of too much of this influence, humans needing to escape the stark world they have created by entering fantasy worlds.Over the last 100 years, the 20th century consciousness has spread throughout the world; most of Asia has been thoroughly “Westernized”, and most of the Third World is being overrun by western ways of doing things and living.9Whats the author most concerned about?AThe influence of pollution.BStrong effects of development.CChanged positions of humans as gods.DThe process of the Industrial Revolution.10What is the authors attitude towards the changes of the 20th century?AObjective.BTolerant.CPositive.DNegative.11What does the underlined word “stark” in Paragraph 3 mean?AUnfair.BIllegal.CDull.DViolent.911、BDC*結(jié)束