南寧市2014高考英語一輪（暑假） 閱讀理解訓(xùn)練（8）及答案閱讀理解主旨大意Passage * For her first twenty-four year, she'd been known as Deb bie-a name that didn't suit her good looks and elegant manner. "My name has always made me think I should Be a cheer leader," She complained. "I just don't feel like a Debbie!" One day, while filling out an application form for publishing job, the young woman suddenly changed middle name, Lynne, for her first name Debbie. "That was the smartest thing I ever did," She says now. "As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie. I feh more comfortable with myself., and other people started to take me more seriously". Two years after her successful job interview, the former waitress is now a successful magazine editor friends and associates call her Lynne. Naturally, the name change didn't cause Debbie/I.ynne's professional achievement but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence (自信) to her talents. Social scientists say that what you're called can affect your life. Throughout history, names have not only identified people But also described them. ". As his name is, so is he." says the Bible. For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserves, simpleness or charm may be suggested by your name and encourageother people before they even meet you.Of course, names with a good sense can work for you even encouraging new acquaintances. A recent survey showed that American men thought Susan to be the most attractive female name, while women believed Richard and David were the most attractive to men. One woman I know turned down a blind date with a man named Harry because "he sounded dull". Several evenings later she came up to me at a party, pressing for an introduction to a very nice man with whom they looked at each other all evening. "Oh, 'I said. "You mean Harry? "She was ill at ease. 1. Debbie's changing her name_. A. had actually little to do with her career B. was what she happened to do when filling out the form C. did have an effect on her success D. entirely contributed to her luck 答案: C 指導(dǎo)：由第三段第一句話可知A錯(cuò)，B和D不準(zhǔn)確。2. The author introduced Harry to the woman_. A. at the request of the woman herself B. to tell her that names didn't matter really C. to make her feel uneasy in mind D. the person is more important than his/her name 答案: A 指導(dǎo)：由最后一段中“pressing for an in troduction to a very nice man”推測可知。presssbto do sth敦促某人做某事。3. The name Debbie may be connected with something_. A. huge B. quiet C. dull D. attractive 答案: A 指導(dǎo)：cheerleader指帶領(lǐng)觀眾歡呼的人，即常說的拉拉隊(duì)隊(duì)長，這樣的人在生活中往往是又高又大、體格健壯的人，而作者說她的名字往往使她想起這個(gè)詞。4. The best possible tide for the passage may be_ A. Names are the most important B. Your name is your fortune C. Don't care much for names D. Names and making friends 答案: B 指導(dǎo)：本文主要通過Debbie的例子說明名字給人帶來的影響，故B最符合文意。*結(jié)束【閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)】Passage * Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator, operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than ci- vilian (百姓的)clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The tel- evision repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deduct ible(可減稅的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experi- enced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least. Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rath- er than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes. 1. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and indi viduality _. A. still judge a man by his clothes B. hold the uniform in such high regard C. enjoy having a professional identity D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform 答案: B 指導(dǎo)：這篇文章主要講述崇尚個(gè)性、崇尚多樣化的美國人為何愛穿制服，以及制服所帶來的利弊，是一道辨別事實(shí)題。由第一段第一句“Americans are proud Of their variety and individuality，yet they love and respect few things more than auniform”可知應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。2. People are accustomed to think that armn in uniform_. A. suggests quality work B. discards his social identity C. appears to be more practical D. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes 答案: A 指導(dǎo)：由第二段第二句"People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears auniform”可判斷A項(xiàng)正確。*結(jié)束閱讀理解-細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)Passage 2 How Long Can People Live? She took up skating at age 85, made her first movie appearance at age 114, and held a concert in the neighborhood on her 121st birthday.When it comes to long life. Jeanne Calment is the world's recordholder. She lived to the ripe old age of 122. So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span(壽命)? If scientists come up with some sort of pill or diet that would slow aging, could we possibly make it to 150or beyond? Researchers don't entirely agree on the answers. "Calment lived to 122, so it wouldn't surprise me if someone alive today reaches 130 or 135, "says Jerry Shay at the University of Texas. Steve Austad at the University of Texas agrees. "People can live much longer than we think, "he says. "Experts used to say that humans couldn't live past 110. When Calment blewpast that age, they raised the number to 120. So why can't we go higher?" The trouble with guessing how old people can live to be is that it's all just guessing. "Anyone can make up a number," says Rich Miller at the University of Michigan. "Usually the scientist who picks the highest number gets his name in Time magazine." Won't new anti-aging techniques keep us alive for centu ries? Any cure, says Miller, for aging would probably keep most of us kicking until about 120. Researchers are working on treatments that lengthen the life span of mice by 50 percent at most. So, if the average human life span is about 80 years, says Miller, "adding another 50 percent would get you to 120." So what can we conclude from this little disagreement a mong the researchers? That life span is flexible (有彈性的) but there is a limit, says George Martin of the University of says. "But a fly's never going to live 150 years. 'Of course, if you became a new species(物種) , one that ages at a slower speed, that would be a different story, he adds. Does Martin really believe that humans could evolve (進(jìn)化) their way to longer life? "it's pretty cool to think about," he says with a smile. 1. What does the story of Jeanne Calment prove to us? A. People can live to 122. B. Old people are creative. C. Women are sporty at 85. D. Women live longer than men. 答案: A 指導(dǎo)：第二段中“She lived to the ripeoldage of l22So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span?"告訴我們Jeanne Calment的經(jīng)歷證明人們可以活到122歲。2. According to Steve Austad at the University of Texas,_. A. the average human life span could be 110 B. scientists cannot find ways to slow aging C. few people can expect to live to over 150 D. researchers are not sure how long people can live 答案: D 指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)第四段Steve Austad的論述可判斷出研究人員不能確定人們的壽命有多長。3. Who would agree that a scientist will become famous if he makes the wildest guess at longevity? A. Jerry Shay. B. Steve Austad. C. Rich Miller. D. George Martin. 答案: C指導(dǎo)：第五段"Anyone can make up anumber，”says Rich Miller at the University Of Michigan?！癠sually the scientist who picks the highest number gest his nalne in Time magazine”說明RichMiller認(rèn)為對(duì)人類的壽命估計(jì)最高的科學(xué)家會(huì)出名。4. What can we infer from the last three paragraphs? A. Most of us could be good at sports even at 120. B. The average human life span cannot be doubled. C. Scientists believe mice are aging at a slower speed than before. D. New techniques could be used to change flies into a new species. Passage 答案: B 指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)后三段的內(nèi)容可推斷出人們的平均壽命不會(huì)加倍。*結(jié)束