漳州市2014 高考英語（閱讀理解）一輪暑假訓練（8）（答案）An analysis of studies in 40 countries around the globe proves a long-standing assumption that the more a person knows about science, the more he or she tends to support scientific effortsIn fact, studies that have tested the link between a person's level of scientific knowledge and attitudes towards the field have generated mixed results"It's been a very hard question," says sociologist Nick Allum of the University of Surrey in Guildford, UKTo resolve the issue, Allum and his colleagues pulled together the results of nearly 200 surveys carried out between 1998 and 2003 in countries from Australia to BulgariaThese studies assessed, for example, whether participants knew certain scientific facts and whether they supported developments in genetically modified food or nanotechnologyTo some extent, the results prove the belief widely held by science supporters: the more people know about science, the more favourably they tend to view it, in spite of other factors such as age, nationality and level of educationAllum presented his results at the meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington DC last weekBut now this question is cleared up, researchers must begin to deal with more pressing questions, Allum says"The argument should move on"His finding cannot, for example, show whether better science education will increase general support for the fieldThis is because researchers have yet to figure out whether people who learn more about science then tend to like it or, on the contrary, whether people who already like and support science are simply tend to learn further factsAnd a person's level of scientific knowledge actually goes a very tiny way towards explaining their attitudes towards scienceAllum believes that there are probably far more important factors, such as their moral values, religious beliefs and political leaningAnd people's trust in science may be influenced by how tightly regulated they believe the process to be in their countryThis might explain, in part, why those living in different countries tend to hold different attitudes: Europeans tend to be more doubtful of genetically modified crops than those in the United States, for exampleFinally, science lovers hope to strengthen support for the field, but it looks as if simple science education will not be enoughAs Allum says: "It's all horribly complicated"13In Allums opinion, _ will have little influence on a persons attitude towards scienceAscientific knowledgeBmoral valuesCreligious beliefsDpolitical leaning14From the passage we can infer that _ Athe surveys were carried out in a few countriesBEuropeans love science more than Americans CAllum kept his research results a secretDNick Allum is not a natural scientist15The underlined word those refers to _Ascience loversBdifferent attitudes Cpeople in generalDgenetically modified crops16What is mainly talked about in this passage? ASpecial beliefs of the sociologist Nick AllumBLink between knowledge and love of scienceCWays in which people love scienceDThe function of science education參考答案 13-16 ADCB*結束閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項。AMy father was poor in expressing his feelings. I knew that my dad loved me, but showed me love in other ways. There was one particular time in my life when this became real to me.I always believed that my parents had a good marriage, but gradually the strain (拉緊）on my mom and dad's relationship was quite evident. However, I was not prepared for the day when Dad had decided to leave. All that I could think of was that I was going to become a product of a divorced family. I kept telling myself that it wasn't going to happen. The night before he left, I stayed up in my room for a long time. I prayed and I cried and I wrote a long letter to my dad. I told him how much I loved him and that I would always and forever be his Krissie.his Noodles. As I folded my note, I stuck in a picture of me with a saying I had always heard: "Anyone can be a father, but it takes someone special to be a daddy." Early the next morning, as my dad left our house, I slipped my letter into one of his bags.Two weeks later, my mother told me that they decided that there were things that the both of them could and would change and that their marriage was worth saving. "Well, Dad said that when he read your letter, it made him cry. It meant a lot to him and I have hardly ever seen your dad cry. After he read your letter, he called to ask if he could come over to talk. Whatever you said really made a difference to your dad."A few days later my dad was back. We never talked about the letter. I guessed that it became a secret between us.1. Why did the author's father decide to leave?A. Because he was poor in showing his feelings.B. Because his wife was always giving orders.C. Because serious problems occurred in their marriage.D. Because the strain on father-daughter relationship was evident.2. How did the author feel when her father decided to leave?A. Excited.B. Annoyed.C. Doubtful.D. Upset.3. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means _ .A. a man may have to give up a lot to be a real fatherB. a man may have to give in to his wife to be a daddyC. a man who raises special children can become a real fatherD. a man who develops some special talents can be a real father4. What's the main idea of the passage?A. How the author's parents enjoyed a happy marriage.B. How a letter saved the author's parents' marriage.C. The divorce had a great influence on the author.1. C 2. D3. A 4. B *結束BThese days, there are very few wild animals left in the UK. The wolves have gone. The bears have been hunted to extinction. Fortunately, there are a few badgers (獾).oh, well, actually, not for long as the British government have just decided to kill them too! But why?Badgers are fascinating nocturnal (夜晚活動的）creatures, living underground. They're extremely brave, fighting off larger animals such as bears and wolves. The problem is that some badgers carry "bovine tuberculosis" (bTB) an infectious disease caused by the bacterium M. Bovis which can cause TB in some other animals, including cattle. For farmers, this is a serious issue, because they usually keep a large number of cows together to raise. In 1998 in the UK, almost 6,000 cows were killed to control the disease. And in 2010，more than 30,000 animals were destroyed. Bovine TB costs the UK about £100 million per year. And some believe that the disease could end up costing the economy £9 billion over the next 40 years if nothing is done about it.Experts say that badgers are responsible for about 50% Of the infected cattle. So, after much debate, the government has agreed to kill badgers.Of course, many are against the measure. They claim that killing the badgers in controlled zones wouldn't work because badgers from neighboring areas would simply move in and become infected too. Furthermore, the number of cattle in one spot is usually very large. They believe that the way cattle are raised intensively, and transported around to lots of different farms during their lives is probably the biggest cause of the spread of the disease.5. Why does the UK government want to kill badgers?A. Because badgers are responsible for all the bTB infected cattle.B. Because a disease connected with badgers has caused a big loss.C. Because badgers are very easy to become infected with bTB.D. Because cattle are often with badgers which may carry bTB.6. Some people believe that killing badgers in certain areas doesn't help because _ A. badgers nearby would occupy where the killed badgers once lived.B. badgers are often transported around to lots of different farms.C. the disease will still exist there with all the cattle infected.D. the government doesn't have a good knowledge of the disease.7. What's the main idea of the passage?A. The UK government has decided to kill badgers to control the disease.B. Very few wild animals exist in the UK these days except badgers.C. A lot of people are against killing badgers for some reasons.D. A large sum of money has been spent controlling the disease.8. What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Cattle are often kept separately to prevent diseases.B. Many cattle are gathered in one area to raise.C. Cattle are raised very carefully and attentively.5. B 6. A 7. A 8. B *結束CIs losing weight as simple as doing a 15-minute writing exercise? In a new study, women who wrote about their most important values, like close relationships or religion, lost more weight over the next few months than women who didn't. "We have this need to feel self-integrity (正直，誠實)，” says Christine Logel of the University of Waterloo. "When something threatens your sense that you're a good person, like failing a test, we can buffer (緩 沖）that self-integrity by reminding ourselves how much we love our children, for example".For this study, the researchers recruited (聘用）45 female undergraduates, of whom 58% were overweight. Each woman was weighed, and was then given a list of important values, like creativity, music or relationships with friends and family members. Each woman ranked the values in order of how important they were to her. Then half the women were told to write for 15 minutes about the value that was most important to her. The other half, a control group, were told to write about why a value far down on their list might be important to someone else.The women came back months later to be weighed again. Women who had written about an important value lost an average of 3.41 pounds, while women in the control group gained an average of 2.76 pounds."How we feel about ourselves can have a big effect," Logel says. Maybe when one of the women who wrote about an important value went home that night, she felt good about herself and didn't eat to make herself feel better. Over a few months, that could make a real difference in her life.9. How can a 15-minute writing exercise of important values affect people?A. They will feel proud of themselves and gain weight gradually.B. They may feel good about themselves and then eat less than usual.C. They may continue writing and decide to become a professional writer.D. They will never have meals at night to make themselves lose weight.10. What were the females required to do in the study?A. The overweight women wrote about the value most important to them.B. Only the control group was given a list of important values.C. Both groups ranked the values in order of importance to them.D. Each woman was weighed three times in the process of the study.11. Which of the following persons may lose weight according to the new study?A. Mary who wrote about her own adventure.B. Catherine who described her illness in her writing.C. Shirley who wrote how much she loved her children.D. Alice who complained her boss in her diary.12. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Women Values Losing WeightB. Losing Weight Is Very SimpleC. Writing Benefits Women a LotD. Writing Contributes to Losing Weight9. B 10. C 11. C 12. D*結束